• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제94권2호통권159호
• /
• pp.108-111
• /
• 2005

This study was conducted to identify the road effect on small rodent populations within fragmented forest areas around the road from June to September 2002, in 9 study sites of Baekdugdaegan mountains, Korea. Two species of small rodents, Korean field mouse Apodemus peninsulae and striped field mouse Apodemus agrarius, were captured in this study. Korean field mouse preferred forest area, and striped field mouse generally has been found edge area around road. Mean body weight of Korean field mouse was significantly different, but that of striped field mouse was not between both distance from road. Korean field mouse is forest-dwelling species and their distribution is limited in forest area. In contrast, striped field mouse has wide distributional range around road. The effects of road is different in each small rodent species and their habitat preferences.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
• /
• 제24권11호
• /
• pp.876-881
• /
• 2011

The sintering, defect and grain boundary characteristics of Bi-based ZnO chip varistor (1,608 mm size) have been investigated to know the possibility of lowering a manufacturing price by using 100 % Ag inner-electrode. The samples were prepared by general multilayer chip varistor process and characterized by shrinkage, SEM, current-voltage (I-V), admittance spectroscopy (AS), impedance and modulus spectroscopy (IS & MS) measurement. There are no problems to make a chip varistor with 100% Ag inner-electrode in the sintering temperature range of 850~900$^{\circ}C$ for 1 h in air. A good varistor characteristics ($V_n$= 9.3~15.4 V, a= 23~24, $I_L$= 1.0~1.6 ${\mu}A$) were revealed but formed $Zn_i^{{\cdot}{\cdot}}$(0.209 eV) as dominant defect, and increased the distributional inhomogeneity and the temperature instability in grain boundary barriers.

• 수산해양기술연구
• /
• 제50권1호
• /
• pp.39-49
• /
• 2014

Morphological and positional characteristics of anchovy aggregations, confirmed by trawling, were examined in two locations of the southern part of theWest Sea (T1) and the western side of South Sea (T11) of South Korea. Morphological characteristics (mean length, height and area) of the anchovy aggregations at T1 were smaller than those at T11, however the positional characteristics (distributional depth and bottom depth) of the aggregations at T1 were larger than those at T11. Diverse dataset such as the ship's cruise track, the cruse map, and interpolated three-dimensional-like water temperature were visualized in multiple dimensions. For a comprehensive understanding of the anchovy aggregations within their surrounding circumstances, the interpolated water temperature transferred to the location of anchovy aggregations at both stations were visualized based on geospatial information. Using quantitative investigation, the overall range of change in water temperature and salinity of anchovy aggregations at stations was considerably small. However, the water temperature and salinity of anchovy aggregations at T11 were somewhat higher than those at T1.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제15권9호
• /
• pp.85-93
• /
• 2017

Purpose - The volume and valence of online word-of-mouth(eWOM) have become an important part of the retailer's market success for a wide range of products. This study aims to investigate how the growth of eWOM has generated the product's final financial outcomes in the introductory period influences. Research design, data, and methodology - This study uses weekly box office performance for 117 movies released in the South Korea from July 2015 to June 2016 using Korean Film Council(KOFIC) database. 292,371 posted online review messages were collected from NAVER movie review bulletin board. Using regression analysis, we test whether eWOM incurred during the opening week is valuable to explain the last of box office performance. Three major eWOM metrics were considered after controlling for the major distributional factors. Results - Results support that major eWOM variables play a significant role in box-office outcome prediction. Especially, the growth rate of the positive eWOM volume has a significant effect on the growth potential in sales. Conclusions - The findings highlight that the speed of eWOM growth has an informational value to understand the market reaction to a new product beyond valence and volume. Movie distributors need to take positive online eWOM growth into account to make optimal screen allocation decisions after release.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• 제46권1호
• /
• pp.51-57
• /
• 2016

The histology and anatomy of the olfactory organ in Luciogobius guttatus was investigated using a light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The paired olfactory organs in the dorsal part of the snout are situated in between the upper lip and the eyes. They consist of two nostrils, one anterior and the other posterior openings, and a single olfactory cavity. The anterior nostril, an incurrent opening, forms a short tubular structure from the skin. The posterior nostril, an excurrent opening, forms a circular structure opened to the exterior. The distributional pattern of the sensory epithelium is a continuous type. The sensory epithelium with numerous-motile cilia is made up of receptor cells, supporting cells, basal cells, and mucous cells. In contrast, the non-sensory epithelium is comprised of stratified epithelial cells and two types of mucous cells, acidic and neutral cells. The cilia number of the receptor cell is in range of 3 to 4 units. Such results in L. guttatus may reflect its ecological habit and microhabitat in the tidal zone with a periodic tide.

• 식물분류학회지
• /
• 제41권2호
• /
• pp.138-143
• /
• 2011

표본관찰에 기초하여 한국산 마삭줄의 분포도가 작성되었다. 마삭줄은 제주도로부터 남해안과 중부 서해안지역까지 분포하며, 분포 북한계지는 인천 덕적군도였다. 이 종의 분포 범위는 한반도 식물구계의 제주 및 남해안아구계와 일치하였다. 한편 본 연구에서는 그동안 연구가 미흡하였던 뿌리, 줄기, 잎 및 자방의 해부학적 특징과 화분의 미세구조를 관찰, 기재하였다.

• 식물분류학회지
• /
• 제52권3호
• /
• pp.144-155
• /
• 2022

Daphne kiusiana is an evergreen shrub with dense head-like umbels of white flowers distributed in southern Korea, Japan, China, and Taiwan. Plants in China and Taiwan are recognized as var. atrocaulis by having a dark purple stem, elliptic leaves, and persistent bracts. Recently, plants on Jejudo Island were segregated as a separate species, D. jejudoensis, given their elliptic leaves with an acuminate apex, a long hypanthium and sepals, and a glabrous hypanthium. Morphological variations of three closely related taxa, the D. kiusiana complex, were investigated across the distributional range to clarify the taxonomic delimitation of members of the complex. Twelve characters of the leaf and flower were measured from digitized herbarium specimens using the image analysis program ImageJ and were included in a morphometric analysis, the results of which indicate that the level of variation in the characters is very high. The results of a principal component analysis weakly separated D. jejudoensis from D. kiusiana according to their floral characteristics, such as a longer, glabrous hypanthium, and larger sepals. However, some individuals of D. kiusiana, particularly those from Bigeumdo Island, were included in D. jejudoensis. Recognition of D. kiusiana var. atrocaulis based on the leaf shape was not supported in the analysis, and D. jejudoensis may be recognized as a variety of D. kiusiana. Our morphometric analysis shows that digitized images of herbarium specimens could be useful and an additional method by which to investigate more diverse specimens.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
• /
• 제29권6호
• /
• pp.94-101
• /
• 2009

This study which is the fundamental work to investigate the property of urban climate compared the property of thermal environment in the downtown location and the outskirt site based on the field observation in the summer. We analysed thermal environment in the downtown location mainly by distributional characteristics during day and night with changes and correlation analysis of the air temperature, the globe temperature and the surface temperature through the simultaneous observation of the property of thermal environment at two places in real time. The summary of finding in this study is as follows. (1)It is observed on the day chosen by sample that diurnal air temperature range in the downtown location is $22.3{\sim}34.9^{\circ}C$, and diurnal air temperature range in the Outskirt site is $20.0{\sim}34.3^{\circ}C$, so, we found that the diurnal air temperature range in the outskirt site is $1.7^{\circ}C$ higher than in the downtown location. (2)In comparison of the globe temperature after sunset, we found the change of more sudden temperature drops in the outskirt site than in the downtown location. (3)It is observed on the days chosen by sample that the average of globe temperature range is $1.1^{\circ}C$, the average of surface temperature range is $1.0^{\circ}C$, and air temperature range is $2.0^{\circ}C$, thus, the we found that the average of air temperature is $1.0^{\circ}C$ higher than globe temperature and the surface temperature. (4)After the consideration of air temperature and globe temperature distribution, the highest temperature reaching time of globe temperature is one hour earlier than air temperature in the downtown location, on the other hand, although the highest temperature reaching time of globe temperature in the outskirt sites is one hour later than in the downtown location, the timelag found in the downtown location was not found in the outskirt site.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• 제38권2호
• /
• pp.110-121
• /
• 2022

Leaf functional traits widely have been used to understand the environmental controls of resource utilization strategy of plants along the environmental gradients. By using key leaf functional traits, we quantified the relationships between leaf traits and local climate throughout the distributional range of Rhododendron caucasicum Pall. in eastern and western Georgian mountains (the South Caucasus). Our results revealed, that all traits showed high levels of intraspecific variability across study locations and confirmed a strong phenotypic differentiation of leaf functional variation along the east-west longitudinal gradient in response to the local climate; out of the explored climatic variables, the moisture factors related to precipitation and number of precipitation and dry days for winter and growth seasons were more strongly related to leaf trait variation than the elevation and air temperature. Among studied leaf traits, the leaf specific area (SLA) showed the highest level of variability indicating the different resource utilization strategies of eastern and western-central Rh. caucasicum individuals. High SLA leaves for western-central Caucasian individuals work in relatively resource-rich environments (more humid in terms of precipitation amount and the number of precipitation days in winter) and could be explained by preferential allocation to photosynthesis and growth, while eastern Caucasian samples work in resource-poor environments (less humid in terms of precipitation amount and the number of precipitation days in winter) and the retention of captured resources is a higher priority appearing in a low SLA leaves. However, more evidence from a broader study of the species throughout its distribution range by including additional environmental factors and molecular markers are needed for firmer conclusions of intraspecific variability of Rh. caucasicum.

• 한국해양학회지
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.313-323
• /
• 1991

한강 및 경기만 일부 해역에서 저충퇴적물과 부유퇴적물내 점토광물의 분포 특성 을 알아보기 위하여 X-선 회절분석(XRD)을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 한강 하류부를 이루 고 있는 주 구성광물은 일라이트(57.1%), 고령석(22.9%), 녹니석(19.6%), 이며, 하구 와 경기만 일부해역에서 나타나는 점토광물은 일라이트, 녹니석, 고령석과 스멕타이트 가 각각 67.2, 16.5, 15.5%와 1.3%로 나타났다. 하천, 하구환경과 만환경에 따라 함량 차이가 뚜렷히 나타나는데 일라이트의 경우 외해역으로 가면서 점차 증가하는 양상을 보이며, 또한 피크비(Peak-intensity ratio) 분석결과, 한강 및 하구상부에서 나타나 는 일라이트는 복팔면체이며, 외해역에서 나타나는 일라이트는 하천을 통해 운반된 것 이 아닌 것으로 보이는 삼팔면체의 특징을 보이는 일라이트가 나타났으며, 그 중간지 역에서는 두 형태가 혼합된 일라이트가 분포하는 것으로 나타났다. 고령석은 외해로 가면서 23%에서 11%로 감소하는 경향을 보이며, 녹니석은 외해로 가면서 19%에서 14% 로 고령석과 유사한 경향을 보였다. 스멕타이트는 3% 미만의 소량으로 나타났다. 일라 이트 고령석과 녹니석은 주로 하천에 의해 운반되는 하구의 수리적 특성에 의해 재분 포된 것이며, 스멕타이트는 황해나 중국에서 운반 퇴적된 것으로 사료된다. 이와 같이 운반된 점토광물의 공간적 분포를 결정하는 주요 요인은 하구순환특성에 의해 좌우되 는 것으로 보인다.