• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.1153-1159
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• 2010

Identification of probability distribution for water quality constituents from specific land use is important to achieve successful implementation of TMDL program. In this 3-year study, distribution of discharge and BOD(Biological Oxygen Demand) concentration from paddy rice fields were monitored. Four probability distributions, normal, log-normal, Gamma and Weibull were fitted and the goodness-of-fit was assessed using probability plots and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. $EMC_s$ of BOD in runoff from paddy field ranged 0.37 to $7.99\;mgL^{-1}$, and all four probability distributions were acceptable. But the normal distribution would be preferred for BOD from paddy fields considering nature of straight forward application.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2006년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.216-219
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• 2006

Water retention curve (WRC), one of soil hydraulic properties, is often approximated by property-transfer models (PTMs). Using the PTMs, we can estimate the WRCs from other physical properties such as particle-size distribution (PSD). The objective of this work was to investigate the performance of two PTMs with different origins for numerical simulations on transport of Benzo[a]pyrene in a soil. To do this, we chose both PTMs with different origins, i.e., (1) the lognormal distribution model (L anti NL models), and (2) the modified $Kov\'{a}cs$ model (MK model). The MK model showed tile worse performance in estimation of the WRCs. When transport of B[a]P was simulated, the MK model predicted to move farther than the L and NL models did, indicating that transport of B[a]P in a soil can be greatly influenced by the choice of PTMs.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2013

Purpose - Currently, the distribution environment has been changing rapidly because of the advent of super-supermarkets (SSM),which adopt the "price break" and "lowest price" strategies. Specifically, a diversification of the distribution environment allowed customers to reasonably decide where to shop. With a broadened range of criteria governing the choice of a store, determining changes in the distribution environment should be based on customer satisfaction surrounding the service levels of SSMs. This study examines the effects of service quality and product quality of SSMs on customer satisfaction levels, and analyzes whether these factors affect customers' revisit intention directly. Research design and methodology - A survey method was used and 127 SSM customers responded to the questionnaires that were developed to measure service quality, product quality, customer satisfaction, and store revisit intention. A multi-regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. Results - Except hypothesis 2, the other seven hypotheses were supported. Hypothesis 2 suggested a positive relationship between product factors and customer satisfaction. Conclusions - This study found a systematic effect of service factors and product factors on customer satisfaction and word-of-mouth, and consequently on store revisit intention.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2019

The Four Major Rivers Restoration Project started in 2009 and completed in early 2013 is a large-scale inter-ministry SOC project investing ₩22.2 $10^{12}$ and one of the Project's objectives was to enhance the water-quality grade through recovering the river eco-system and environment. The average concentration and probability distribution of water-quality constituents at given and selected sampling sites are very significant elements for analyzing and controlling the water-quality of rivers or reservoirs effectively. Average concentration can be estimated by point estimator, distribution function of water-quality constituents or Bootstrap method, in which the distribution function estimated with more data in case of insufficient dataset, is applied. Ipo and Gangcheon water-quality monitoring stations in South Han River were selected to compare and analyze the variation of concentration before and after Ipo and Gangcheon Weirs construction, using the whole 4-year's data, from 2005 to 2008 and from 2014 to 2017. Water-quality constituents such as BOD and COD relating to oxygen demanding wastes and TP and Chlorophyll-a relating to the process of nutrient enrichment called eutrophication were also selected. The guidelines for water-quality control and management after weir construction including evaluation of water-quality constituents' variations can be presented by this paper.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2000년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.281-285
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• 2000

The effect of the presence of dissolved organic matters(DOM) on the binding of phenanthrene to cetylpyridinium chloride(CPC) coated sand was investigated. The distribution coefficient of phenanthrene increased with increase of sufactant coverage, and decreased with the presence of dissolved organic matters except for the 1.600mg/g coverage case. Both Aldrich humic acid and extracted dissolved organic matter showed the similar tendency. For the quantification of the overall distribution coefficient, this study presented mass distribution model and estimated the sorption equilibrium coefficients of hydrophobic organic compounds(HOCs) in multi system. The suggested model combined a series of sorption equilibrium relationships including the adsorption of DOMs on sorbents, the binding between HOCs and DOMs, and the sorption of HOCs on sorbents with or without DOMs.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제67권9호
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• pp.1125-1140
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• 2018

This paper analyzes robotic technology developed for live-line electricity distribution and its applicability to domestic environment. In doing so, available robotic systems developed for the live-line work are thoroughly investigated and compared in terms of from robotic functionality to economic feasibility. To assess the technology readiness for domestic live-line robot, the rubber gloves based direct live-line engineering methods have been also analyzed and mapped into robotic technology requisites. The results are expected as a fundamental data to help with solving the safety and economics issues when considering development and introduction of compact live-line robot for complex domestic electricity distribution environment.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.687-693
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• 2011

In this paper, problems and solutions are proposed for applying IEC 61850 to Distribution Automation System(DAS). Communication protocol integration in power automation system have issued by IEC standards, IEC 61850 of them has researched for applying IEC 61850 to many areas of power system in spite of that it was made for substation automation system. Especially, DAS is just about to apply IEC 61850 by communication network change from serial to ethernet although DNP 3.0 is used. But it's impossible to apply directly IEC 61850 to DAS by difference of environment which unfixed wide area and separated nodes in power distribution system unlike concept of IEC 61850 is made by Substation Automation System(SAS) environment of limited space. Thus, this paper proposed applications of three types which conceptual, practical, and future to consider problems and solutions when apply IEC 61850 to Ethernet based DAS.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2016

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to aim to stress the importance of doing business environment in South Korean economy. The theoretical justification is based on neo-institutional theories and new business management including Porter's Model as main justifications of state intervention due to the market failures to promote a competitive environment of doing business. Research design, data and methodology - The methods to be taken is to provide a comparative performance analysis, and offer in terms of doing business and economic freedom sub-index complemented by Korean reforms diagnostics. Results - The main results underlined the key factors explain the success of business environment in South Korea such as: a simplified registration procedures, a target tax incentives, the removal of business barriers, the improvement of legislative and regulatory framework, target reforms, property right and technical norms, good governance and the quality of institution, a role of a well-functioning legal framework, a strong competition framework, and the transparency of regulation, etc. Conclusion - A competitive environment of doing business is based on the target national strategies, appropriate reforms responding to national needs and good governance system.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2015

Purpose - This purpose of this research is to verify the influence of the care workers' environment on their job satisfaction and on their voluntary behavior. Research design, data, and methodology - Data were collected from care workers at elderly medical and home care facilities in Korea in Seoul and Kyung-ki. Of 367 total respondents, 285 responses were used. This study performed exploratory factor analysis in order to verify the validity and credibility of the data. Regression analysis was conducted to verify the influence of the working environment, which encompasses the worker's relationship with the agency and with the elderly, on job satisfaction. Results - The hypothesis results were: First, from analyzing the influence of the working environment on the worker's job satisfaction, both relationship with the agency (p<.001) and relationship with the elderly (p<.05) positively affect job satisfaction; second, the exploratory analysis verifies the influence or the working environment on job satisfaction. Conclusions - The results indicate that the relationship with the agency (p<.001) and relationship with the elderly (p<.001) both positively affect the voluntary behavior of the workers.

• 한국유통학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국유통학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.183-185
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• 2000

A proactive approach on environmental issues may be one of critical competitive factors for global business in near future. Especially, distribution systems are very related to the various environmental issues, including development of green products and packaging, selection of the transportation vehicles and pallets, design of retail stores and distribution facilities, participation for solving the local environmental problems, and so on. In order to approach the environmental issues on distribution systems, for the first time managers need to understand the strategic framework for green management and then, to find the key success factors of leading companies in this field. Finally, future directions of strategic green management on distribution systems are discussed and shared.