• Human Ecology Research
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.433-448
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze two subject competencies (practical problem-solving capability and independent life capability) reflected in the activity tasks included in the 'home life and safety' area of 12 middle school technology-home economics textbooks in accordance with the 2015 revised curriculum. The analysis criteria were sub-elements of two subject competencies. Seven sub-elements were derived from each competency. Frequency analysis was performed to determine how often the sub-elements were reflected in the activity tasks. The results were as follows. First, with regard to the sub-elements of 'practical problem-solving capability', 'value judgment' was reflected most frequently in the activity tasks followed by 'exemplification of solution', 'logical thinking', 'critical thinking', 'decision-making', 'practical reasoning', and 'evaluation of solutions'. Secondly, the sub-elements of 'independent life capability' were unevenly distributed in the activity tasks. The 'capability to perform conscious living' was reflected most frequently followed by 'development and self-identity', 'time, money, and leisure management', and 'reasonable consumption and resource utilization'. For teachers wanting to teach activity-oriented classes and student participatory classes, the results pinpoint the materials necessary to develop learners' subject competencies by using textbooks from different publishing companies.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.87-103
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• 2009

Grid computing is an expanded technology of distributed computing technology to use low-cost and high-performance computing power in various fields. Although the purpose of Grid computing focuses on large-scale resource sharing, innovative applications, and in some case, high-performance orientation, it has been used as conventional distributed computing environment like clustered computer until now because Grid middleware does not have common sharable information system. In order to use Grid computing environment efficiently which consists of various Grid middlewares, it is necessary to have application-independent information system which can share information description and services, and expand them easily. Thus, in this paper, we propose a semantic information system framework based on web services and ontology for Grid computing environment, called WebSIS. It makes application and middleware developer easy to build sharable and extensible information system which is easy to share information description and can provide ontology based platform-independent information services. We present efficient ontology based information system architecture through WebSIS. Discovering appropriate resource for task execution on Grid needs more high-level information processing because Grid computing environment is more complex than other traditional distributed computing environments and has various considerations which are needed for Grid task execution. Thus, we design and implement resource information system and services by using WebSIS which enables high-level information processing by ontology reasoning and semantic-matching, for automation of task execution on Grid.

• Journal of Information Technology Application
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• v.1
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• pp.99-127
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• 1999

Under the concept of global economy, the enterprises are assigning design and production environments around the world in different areas. A serious problem of information exchange emerges as companies use traditional hardware and very distinct softwares appropriate to their field of expertise. To overcome the decreased productivity due to the interruption of information, the concept of simultaneous engineering and concurrent design becomes very significant. In this article, an agent-based ship design system is developed in order to support a cooperation in distributed ship design environments. Above all, the conflicts that occur in the middle of knowledge sharing in the system must be resolved. An approach to do this is the case-based conflict resolution strategy formulated to resolve current conflict on the basis of previous resolved similar cases in agent-based collaborative design system environments. To do this conflict cases that occur in initial ship design stage are extracted. On the basis of the extracted cases, case-base is constructed. In addition conflict resolution handler located in the facilitator is developed to treat conflict problems effectively by reasoning of the case-base and thus presenting an appropriate solution. The validation of developed case-based conflict resolution strategy is evaluated by applying to collaborative design process in initial ship design stage, especially the machinery outfitting design, the preliminary design, the hullform design, and the structural design. Through the help of the cooperation of the design agents, the facilitator, the conflict resolution handler, and the case-based system, a designer can be supported effectively in his/her decision-making based on the previous cases resolved similarly.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.283-288
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• 2009

Semantic service can be defined as the service providing search API or reasoning API based on ontology and Web Services. It performs a pre-defined task by exploiting URI, classes, and properties. This study introduces a semantic service composition method based on a semantic broker referring ontology and management information of semantic services stored in a semantic service manager with requirements of the user. The requirements consist of input instances, an output class, a visualization type, semantic service names, and property names. This composition method provides dynamically generated semantic service pipelines including composit semantic services. The user can execute the pipelines provided by the semantic broker to find a meaningful semantic pipeline. After all, this study contributes to develop a system supporting human service planners who want to find composit semantic services among distributed semantic services.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.175-179
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• 2006

Welders are exposed to a number of hazards including metal fumes, toxic gases, electricity, heat, noise, and radiation such as ultraviolet and infrared light. We encountered a patient who developed non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema within a day after cutting copper pipe with an oxyethylene torch. The patient was a 26-year-old welder. He complained of dyspnea, generalized myalgia, and febrile sensation the following morning. The patient's chest X-ray and chest CT scan showed extensively distributed and ill-defined centrilobular nodules. Both his symptoms and chest X-ray abnormalities improved spontaneously. We attributed the patient's symptoms to non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema due to nitrogen dioxide, reasoning that: 1) the pipe consisted only of copper, according to material safety data sheet (MSDS); 2) a previous report in the literature demonstrated increased nitrogen dioxide levels under similar conditions; 3) the patient's clinical course and radiologic findings were very reminiscent of non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema following accidental exposure to nitrogen dioxide.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.13-20
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• 2020

The interest in artificial intelligence is due to an increase in influence on companies, organizations, daily lives and society. The purpose of this study is to analyze the key elements in the teaching subjects of artificial intelligence-related subjects of Korean universities based on the intelligent system area of Computer Science 2013 in terms of human resources development. According to the analysis, there are five out of nine universities that run the required courses. Based on the 12 detailed knowledge domains of intelligent systems, the compulsory subjects of universities are distributed in the field of basic search theory, basic knowledge expression and reasoning, and inference based on uncertainty. The elective courses of each university covered topics in five to eight areas of the total knowledge area of the intelligent system, with 69.9 percent of universities with the highest average ratio of areas involving the subject of teaching subjects and 46.3 percent of universities with the lowest. This study has implications for the fact that prior to entering an artificial intelligence graduate school, we were able to grasp the level of knowledge about artificial intelligence at the undergraduate level.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.53-63
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• 1987

Due to their wide range of application, deterministic comprehensive hydrologic models using digital computers have been developed in all countries of the world and researches are being undertaken for their appropriate applications. The aim of this study has been to demonstrate the practical implementation of a physically based distributed hydrologic model, the USDAHL-74 model and to investigate its ability to simulate the long term estimate of water balance quantities in a Korean mountainous watershed. Application of the model to Dochuk watershed indicates the following results. 1.Since the USDAHL-74 model includes all the major components of the hydrologic cycle in agricultural watersheds, thus is comprehnsive, the model seems to have a wide range of application from the fact that simulation results obtained are not only runoff volumes m various time units but their spatial variation as well as even soil moisture within the watershed. 2.An approximate calibration to determine the parameter values in the model using various data obtained from D0chuk shed shows that the simulation error of yearly runoff volume is only 0.6 % and a correlation coefficient between observed daily runoff volume and simulated one is 0.91 in all calibrated period.3.As a verification test of the model, runoff volumes are simulated using 1986 year data without changing the parameter values determined by 1985 year data. The tests show that the USDAHL-74 model is a flexible tool and that realistic production to simulate the long term estimate of runoff in Korean mountainous watershed could be obtained using only a short period of calibration.4. Despite of the encouraging results, there still remain minor problems concerning the practical application of the model to improve the result of simulations. Some of these are the small descrepancies between observed and simulated daily runoff volume appeared in the vicinity of peaks and the recession of1 the daily hydrographs and the model performance for the frozen ground and melting process in the model. 5. Alough the use of parameter with physical significance and the ability to improve calibrations on the basis of physical reasoning represents advantages in the simulation for ungaged watersheds, further researches are needed to use the USDAHL-74 mode to simulate runoff in ungaged watersheds.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.105-120
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• 2009

Critical Experiments (CE) in science classrooms mean, tentatively, critical situations as comparable to anomalous cases in scientific revolutions where the results of science experiments in schools are unclear, differ from the theory, or students misunderstand the purpose of the experiments. The purpose of this research is to identify what CE occurred during science classes and to investigate how elementary teachers handled them. To analyze how teachers recognized and handled CE, we selected nine typical CE from the $7^{th}$ Korean science curriculum. 125 teachers were selected from 8 districts' elementary schools in a local city. A questionnaire with photos of the nine CE above-mentioned was distributed to these teachers. The focus in this research was the way that each teacher handled the CE. We discovered that there were three basic ways in which teachers handled CE. When CE occurred, 51% of elementary teachers explained the correct result of the experiment (what should have happened) to the students while 40.7% of the teachers repeated to get the correct results. The focuses of handling CE varied. 57 % of the teachers focused on the 'materials' while 30% of the teachers focused on the 'theory'. The other focus was 'thinking'. Only 7.6% of the teachers answered that they gave students a chance to think about the reasons why the CE happened. By analyzing our survey results, we could determine what each teacher did as a follow up to the CE and their focus and reasoning for handling the CE this way. When the CE happened in the science class, few handled the CE with the point of view about purpose of doing experiment. As a result, students could not gain educational experience from the CE. If we use CE as a new method to teach science, it will be a good subject incorporating the nature of science in science education.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.7-21
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• 1979

This investigation was to analyse normal protrusive and lateral condylar pantographic records written on the sagittal plane and to study components of Fisher's angle and their interrelations. The purpose of this study was limited to (1) discussing the significance of sagittal pantographic record in diagnosis of occlusal disease and(2) basing for reasoning validity of measuring Fisher's angle which has been reported so far. As a result followings were concluded. 1. In each protrusive and lateral condylar movement path, five complicate factors such as initial straightness, distributed simple sigmoid type, simple curvature, initial tiny protruding convexity and tiny repeated sigmoid patterns were noted. Generally each condylar movement path was composed of two to three of these factors. 2. The distribution of positional interrelations of protrusive and lateral condylar paths could be divided into five categories; (a) protrusive-upper, (b) completely coinciding, (c) partially initial coinciding, (d) partially inverted crossing, and (e) completely inverting. Among these, protrusive path-upper positioned condyles were prevailed (79.2%). 3. The distribution of interrelations of protrusive and lateral condylar paths could be devided into five categories according to their distances in the course of movement. Among these, opening (95.8%) and paralleling (66.7%) were prevailing. 4. The involved number of characteristic heterogenous patterns of five categories in protrusive and lateral condylar movement recording relations at one simultaneous recordings was limited to three. However, in case of homogeneous patterns were repeated, usually three to four were included. 5. The maximum distance between protrusive and lateral condylar paths was 1.45mm at the location of 4mm advanced position from centric relation point and 3.90mm at the location of protrusive movement terminal. 6. It seemed to be that ,pantographic records should be consulted other clinical symptoms in order to make certain occlusion diagnosis. 7. At the present moment of investigation, expressing Fisher's angle as a degree revealed a lack due to inherent complexity of protrusive and lateral condylar movement paths. 8. The typical pattern of protrusive and lateral condylar paths written on a pantographic sagittal plate might be described as follows; (a) protrusive condylar path should be positioned upwardly, (b) both mainly be simple curvature, (c) interrelations mainly be opening or paralleling. 9. The mean amounts of separation between protrusive and lateral condylar movement path were $0.75{\pm}0.46$ at 4mm advanced location from centric relation and $1.74{\pm}0.64mm$ at the location of protrusive path terminal.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.32-39
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• 2009

Semantically-operated services, which is different from Web services or semantic Web services with semantic markup, can be defined as the services providing search function or reasoning function using ontologies. It performs a pre-defined task by exploiting URI, ontology classes, and ontology properties. This study introduces a method for pipelining semantically-operated services based on a semantic broker which refers to ontologies and service description stored in a service manager and invokes by user constraints. The constraints consist of input instances, an output class, a visualization type, service names, and properties. This method provides automatically-generated service pipelines including composit services and a simple workflow to the user. The pipelines provided by the semantic broker can be executed in a fully-automatic manner to find a set of meaningful semantic pipelines. After all, this study would epochally contribute to develop a portal service by ways of supporting human service planners who want to find specific composit services pipelined from distributed semantically-operated services.