• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.17 no.1 s.81
• /
• pp.97-104
• /
• 2007

Present study aims to investigate the effect of muddy water on gill and kidney tissues and blood components of Opsariichthys uncirostris amurensis in Imha reservoir. As a result of observing the gill tissues in muddy water with light and scanning electron microscopes, the edema, the exfoliation of epithelial cells and fusion of the secondary lamellae were observed. The space between gill lamellae was irregular, and a lots of muddy debris around the secondary lamellae were observed. In case of kidney tissues, the size of glomerulus was smaller and thickness of basal membrane was broader and the empty space in Bowman's capsule was wider than those of the control. The blood cells of O. uncirostris amurensis in muddy water were increased in number. Of the white blood cells, acidophilic granulocytes were highly distributed, and the shapes were irregular. Among the plasma components, the concentration of TP, ALB, A/G ratio, TG, CHOL, and AST were low, whereas that of the inorganic materials was high. Based on the above results, it is considered that muddy water possibly involves in the decrease of respiratory and excretory rates, giving rise to secondary lesion of tissues.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.39-42
• /
• 2012

A new method for the high throughput screening of antagonistic substances against rice pathogens using rice leaf explants was developed. This method can be used to confirm the activities of any compound or mixture suppressing rice bacterial blight (BB) before field tests. Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) culture medium was distributed in 96 well plates with equally sized explants and the active compounds were added to the wells. The strength suppressing BB was converted into an area percent of the lesion on the rice explants. The explants under BB suppressing activity remained uninfected maintaining their actual green color, while infected explants exhibited pale yellow-colored lesions. Based on the results, this method seems to be faster and easier, dose-dependent, and can be performed all-at-once with a small amount of unspecified compounds. This method also has the potential to be applied to inspection activities for the suppression of other waterborne crop diseases.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.35-45
• /
• 2008

In order to constructan ubiquitous computing environment, it is necessary to develop a technology that can recognize users and circumstances. In this regard, the question of recognizing and expressing user Context regardless of computer and language types has emerged as an important task under the heterogeneous distributed processing system. As a means to solve this task of representing user Context in the ubiquitous environment, this paper proposes to describe user Context as the most similar form of human thinking by using semantic web and fuzzy concept independentof language and computer types. Because the conventional method of representing Context using an usual collection has some limitations in expressing the environment of the real world, this paper has chosen to use Fuzzy OWL language, a fusion of fuzzy concept and standard web ontology language OWL. Accordingly, this paper suggests the following method. First we represent user contacted environmental information with a numerical value and states, and describe it with OWL. After that we transform the converted OWL Context into Fuzzy OWL. As a last step, we prove whether the automatic circumstances are possible in this procedure when we use fuzzy inference engine FiRE. With use the suggested method in this paper, we can describe Context which can be used in the ubiquitous computing environment. This method is more effective in expressing degree and status of the Context due to using fuzzy concept. Moreover, on the basis of the stated Context we can also infer the user contacted status of the environment. It is also possible to enable this system to function automatically in compliance with the inferred state.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.283-291
• /
• 2022

Due to the impact of COVID-19, untact performances where performance videos are recorded, edited and distributed have begun to be activated in a non-face-to-face environment. Performance halls are supporting untact performance services such as video production and broadcasting so that performances can be viewed through online platforms. Therefore, this study intends to study the satisfaction and continued use intention of the untact performance service in the concert hall for experts who have experience using the untact performance service in the concert hall. A total of 9 hypotheses were rejected and 10 hypotheses were adopted as a result of developing and analyzing a research model suitable for the untact performance service of the concert hall by fusion of the information system success model and the expectation inconsistency model. Excluding content quality, it was found that in both system quality and service quality, inconsistency occurs through the comparison of expectations and performance after expectations arise. This positive discrepancy affects satisfaction, and the higher the satisfaction, the higher the intention to continue using it. This study is a basic study on the untact performance service and is expected to provide a new perspective for quality improvement.

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.142-154
• /
• 2016

Worldwide production of mushrooms has been increasing by 10-20% every year. Recently, Pleurotus eryngii and P. nebrodensis have become popular mushroom species for cultivation. In particular, China exceeded 8.7 million tons in 2002, which accounted for 71.5% of total world output. A similar trend was also observed in Korea. Two kinds of mushrooms-Gumji (金芝; Ganoderma) and Seoji-are described in the ancient book 'Samguksagi' (History of the three kingdoms; B.C 57~A.D 668; written by Bu Sik Kim in 1145) during the Korea-dynasty. Many kinds of mushrooms are also described in more than 17 ancient books during the Chosun-dynasty (1392~1910) in Korea. Approximately 200 commercial strains of 38 species of mushrooms were developed and distributed to cultivators. The somatic hybrid variety of oyster mushroom, 'Wonhyeong-neutari,' was developed by protoplast fusion, and distributed to growers in 1989. Further, the production of mushrooms as food was 199,829 metric tons, valued at 850 billion Korean Won (one trillion won if mushroom factory products are included) in 2015. In Korea, the major cultivated species are P. ostreatus, P. eryngii, Flammulina velutipes, Lentinula edodes, Agaricus bisporus, and Ganoderma lucidum, which account for 90% of the total production. Since mushroom export was initiated in 1960, the export and import of mushrooms have increased in Korea. Technology was developed for liquid spawn production, and automatic cultivation systems led to the reduction of production cost, resulting in the increase in mushroom export. However, some species were imported owing to high production costs for effective cultivation methods. In academia, RDA scientists have conducted mushroom genome projects since 1997. One of the main outcomes is the whole genome sequencing of Flammulina velutipes for molecular breeding. With regard to medicinal mushrooms, we have been conducting genome research on Cordyceps and its related species for developing functional foods. There are various kinds of beneficial substances in mushrooms; mushroom products, including pharmaceuticals, tonics, healthy beverages, functional biotransformants, and processed foods have also became available on the market. In addition, compost and feed can likewise be made from mushroom substrates after harvest.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.53-65
• /
• 2013

In Korea recently the consumption of coffee has been drastically increased and majority of people who are more than $20^{th}$ are drinking more than a cup of coffee every day. Nowadays coffee a kind of essential items in modern urban society. As the popularity of the coffee is increasing, As the coffee consumption is growing, the studies on coffee also have been increased. Many of the studies on coffee were focused on the consumer attitudes, coffee shops and franchise coffee shops, and coffee components or ingredients. As the products of the coffee are becoming diverse, the consumers of coffee also becoming diverse. There was a study showing that coffee has variety of types, and that motivations and attitudes for coffee consumption are different depend on demographic statistics such as age and life styles. On this study main focus was life style and consumer's motivation on coffee consumption. For this study the survey was conducted on the people living in Seoul City and Kyengkido from March 1, 2013 to March 31, 2013. 600 questionnaires were distributed and 480 were collected and 470 were used for analysis of this study. The statistics program used in this study was SPSS. The method used in the analysis wee factors analysis test, reliability test, validity test, t-testy, One-Way ANOVA, and regression analysis. In this study according to the factor analysis, the life styles were classified the following six categories ; wellbeing pursuit, taste pursuit, atmosphere pursuit, dine-out pursuit, instant pursuit, and economic value pursuit. The factors of coffee consumption motivation were 6; wellbeing consumption motivation, changing mood consumption motivation, social consumption motivation, habitual consumption motivation, and emotional consumption motivation. The demographic factors used in this study were age, marital status, occupation, educational background, residence, income, and eating-out expenses. The hypothesis used in this study were two. The first hypo-thesis was whether the coffee consumption was affected by the life styles. The second hypo-thesis was whether there was any statistical differences on the motivation of coffee consumption according to the characteristics of life style. The outcome of this study demonstrated that life styles had partial impact on coffee consumption motivations. According to the characteristics of the life style, except for the habitual consumption motivation, all the other factors showed statistical differences on coffee consumption motivations according the characteristics of life styles.