• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.56-64
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• 2012

The ITER fuel cycle is designed for DT operation in equimolar ratio. It involves not only a group of fuelling system and torus cryo-pumping system of the exhaust gases through the divertor from the torus in tokamak plant, but also from the exhaust gas processing of the fusion effluent gas mixture connected to the hydrogen isotope separation in cryogenic distillation to the final safe storage & delivery of the hydrogen isotopes in tritium plant. Tritium plant system supplies deuterium and tritium from external sources and treats all tritiated fluids in ITER operation. Every operation and affairs is focused on the tritium inventory accountancy and the confinement. This paper describes the major fuel cycle processes and interfaces in the tritium plant in aspects of upcoming technologies for future hydrogen and/or hydrogen isotope utilization.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.34-39
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• 2017

Vapor-liquid equilibrium calculation is required to properly design and operation of distillation process. The general calculation method is to use binary interaction parameter. Lower flash points of cyclohexanol+aniline and cyclohexanol+cyclohexanone were measured by using Seta-flash closed cup apparatus. The measured flash points were compared with those calculated by the method based on Raoult's law and the optimization method using Wilson equation. The absolute average errors(A.A.E.) of the results calculated by Raout's law are $0.25^{\circ}C$ and $1.07^{\circ}C$ for cyclohexanol+aniline and cyclohexanol+cyclohexanone, respectively. The absolute average errors of the results calculated by the optimization method are $0.22^{\circ}C$ and $0.65^{\circ}C$ for cyclohexanol+aniline and cyclohexanol+cyclohexanone, respectively. As can be seen from A.A.E., the calculated values based on the optimization method were found to be better than those based on the Raoult's law. The binary interaction parameters calculated by the optimization method are used to predict the dew points of cyclohexanol+aniline and cyclohexanol+cyclohexanone. The A.A.E. for these mixtures show that there is an acceptable agreement between experimental and calculated dew poins.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2009년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.250-255
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• 2009

This study was analyzed the long term performance of the demonstration system for solar energy desalination in Jeju. we used a solar thermal system as heat source of the single-stage fresh water generator with plate-type heat exchangers and a photovoltaic power system as electric source for hydraulic pumps. The demonstration system was designed and installed at Jeju-island in 2006. The system was comprised of the desalination unit with daily fresh water capacity designed as $2m^3$ a $120m^2$ evacuated tubular solar collector to supply the heat, a $6m^3$ heat storage tank, and a 5kW photovoltaic power generation to supply the electricity of hydraulic pumps for the heat medium fluids. Through the operation during about 3 years, In a clear day more than $400W/m^2$, the daily fresh water showed to produce more than about 500liter, and from January, 2007 to March, 2009 for 3 years, solar irradiance daily averaged was measured $370W/m^2$, the daily fresh water yield showed that can be produced about 330liter.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.383-392
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• 2007

This paper is studied on the efficient purification process of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from the melt layer crystallization combining crystallization process, sweating process and distillation recovery process. Purity and yield of DMC crystal depended mainly on the crystallization temperature, cooling rate, sweating termperature sweating rate. Through the optimization of crystallization and sweating operation, DMC crystal can be upgraded to very high purity over 99.9% and high yield over 85%.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2011년도 추계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.111.1-111.1
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• 2011

Recently, comsumption of fossil fuel is causing many problems(oilflation, global warming, environmental pollution). For this reason Renewable energy is now becoming the center of interest as a solution to these problems. Bioethanol, especially, is able to substitute petroleum as fuel; making it a viable and promising renewable energy. In order to production of fuel bioethanol, Dehydration process is essential. Azeotropic distillation, extractive and pressure swing absorption(PSA) process are some of possible dehydration process, out of which, PSA process is attractive since it required less energy and lower setup cost. In this study, we produced fuel bioethanol using 2-step PSA(3 bed + 2 bed) process for more efficient and economical process. Through this study, we produced fuel bioethanol using 2-step PSA process and concentration of fuel bioethanol was 99.54wt%(feed ethanol: 92.4wt%). We expected that because of efficient use of absorbents(zeolite), 2 step PSA process contribute to economical operation.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.373-382
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• 2020

This study proposes a method of separating uranium (U) and minor actinides from rare earth (RE) elements in the LiCl-KCl salt system. Several RE metals were used to reduce UCl₃ and MgCl₂ from the eutectic LiCl-KCl salt systems. Five experiments were performed on drawdown U and plutonium (Pu) surrogate elements from RECl₃-enriched LiCl-KCl salt systems at 773 K. Via the introduction of RE metals into the salt system, it was observed that the UCl₃ concentration can be lowered below 100 ppm. In addition, UCl₃ was reduced into a powdery form that easily settled at the bottom and was successfully collected by a salt distillation operation. When the RE metals come into contact with a metallic structure, a galvanic interaction occurs dominantly, seemingly accelerating the U recovery reaction. These results elucidate the development of an effective and simple process that selectively removes actinides from electrorefining salt, thus contributing to the minimization of the influx of actinides into the nuclear fuel waste stream.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.66-72
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• 1961

A small size Fischer-Tropsch Catalyst testing apparatus, designed for an operating pressure of 150 psig, was test fabricated from ordinary schedule 40 iron pipes. The operability of the apparatus was tested by charging the reactor tube with the Lurgi Fischer-Tropsch iron Catalyst and passing through it the water gas obtained by gasifying the Korean anthracite using steam and oxygen. With the kind of catalyst charged, the apparatus was proven to daily produce about 50c.c. of synthetic greasy product, water and water soluble compounds, by running at a temperature of $250^{\circ}C$ and at a space velocity of 180 volume of gas per volume of catalyst/hr. About 20 consecutive days of operation is claimed to be sufficient for gathering an enough amount of synthetic products for such ordinary tests as distillation analysis, density measurement, iodine value determination etc. This trial fabrication of apparatus may be the first case of its kind in Korea in that the work has been conducted out in much a pilot plant scheme rather than a routine laboratory way which depends on small glass ware apparatus.

• 공업화학
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.238-241
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• 2010

콜타르 유분(유출온도범위: $240{\sim}265^{\circ}C$)으로부터 추출-증류의 조합에 의해 회수한 54.3 wt% 인돌 유출액(유출온도범위 $250{\sim}255^{\circ}C$)을 원료로 사용하여 용액 결정화 조작을 행해 인돌의 고순도 정제를 검토했다. 원료 유출액은 8성분(quinoline, iso-quinoline, indole, quinaldine, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, biphenyl, phenyl ether)으로 구성되어 있다. 결정화 조작의 용매로서는 노말헥산을, 냉매로서는 메탄올 수용액(50 : 50 vol%)을 각각 사용하였으며, 결정화 장치로서는 재킷이 부착된 pyrex제 유리 회분 교반기를 사용했다. 결정화 온도와 용매/원료의 초기 체적비의 증가는 인돌의 순도를 향상시켰으나, 역으로 수율을 저하시켰다. 석출된 결정의 세정조작 없이, 노말헥산을 용매로 사용한 용액 결정화 조작에 의해 고순도(99.3 wt%)의 인돌을 고수율(50%)로 회수할 수 있었다.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.7-17
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• 2014

용융염 전해정련공정은 사용후핵연료로부터 전기화학적인 방법을 통해 음극에서 우라늄을 회수 하는 공정이다. 이 때 우라늄은 약 30wt%의 염을 포함하고 있어 순수한 우라늄을 얻기 위해서는 염을 제거하는 Cathode Process (CP)가 필수적이다. CP는 대량의 우라늄을 처리해야 하므로 파이로공정의 난관중의 하나로 인식되고 있으며, 우라늄의 순도가 최종적으로 결정되는 단계이므로 매우 중요한 공정이다. 현재, 이에 대한 연구는 주로 실험적 방법에 근거 하고 있어 염 제거 공정 중 온도, 압력, 염 가스의 거동을 관찰하기 어렵다. 따라서 본 연구에서는, 공정의 운전 조건에 대해 적합한 수학적 모델을 이용하여 전산모사 해석을 진행하였다. 본 연구는 증류부에서 염 가스의 증류 량, 확산계수에 의해 계산된 장치 내 염 가스의 이동 그리고 응축부에서의 응결속도를 중점적으로 연구하였다. 장치내의 각각의 염 가스 거동을 정의하기 위해 Hertz-Langmuir 관계식, Chapman-Enskog Theory, ANSYS-CFX의 상용 코드를 사용하였다. 그리고 HSC Chemistry에서 염의 물성 값을 이용하여 모델을 구성하였다. 본 연구의 전산모사 해석을 통해 얻은 연구 결과를 이용하여 염 가스의 거동과 장치의 최적 운전조건을 예측하였다. 따라서 본 해석 결과는 CP의 물리적 현상을 깊게 이해하는데 쓰일 뿐 아니라, 공학규모의 CP 장치를 상용규모로 확장하는데 이용 할 수 있다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.441-446
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• 2018

초본계 바이오매스는 목본계 바이오매스에 비해 구조가 견고하지 않아 화학적 전환이 용이하다. 하지만 당질계 바이오매스에 비해 리그닌이 많아 전처리가 필수적으로 요구된다. 오르가노솔브는 리그닌과 같은 효소당화에 저해가 되는 물질을 분별하기 쉬우며 특히 에탄올과 같은 낮은 분자량의 용매는 증류를 통해 재사용이 용이하다는 장점이 있다. 한편 침출식 전처리 공정은 기존의 회분식 공정에서 문제점으로 언급되었던 분별된 성분들의 재결합 현상을 방지할 수 있고 고-액 분리가 용이하다는 장점이 있으며, 향후 스케일업에도 유리하다. 아직까지는 바이오알코올 생산 공정 중 전처리 과정에서 소모되는 에너지 비용이 크기 때문에 본 연구의 전처리에서는 촉매 없이 에탄올만을 이용해 부가공정의 발생을 줄이려고 했다. 침출식 전처리는 $150{\sim}190^{\circ}C$에서 30~99.5 wt% 에탄올을 이용하여 20~60분 동안 수행되었다. 높은 반응온도와 긴 반응시간은 에너지 소모가 크기 때문에 물리적 전처리 방법과의 연계를 적용하여 에너지 저감의 가능성을 알아보았다.