• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 2010

Anxiety disorders Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent mental disorders in the general population. Anxiety disorders can be viewed as a family of related but distinct mental disorders, which include following as classified in the text revision of fourth edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Disorders(DSM-IV-TR): (1) panic disorder with or without agoraphobia; (2) agoraphobia with or without panic disorder; (3) specific phobia; (4) social phobia; (5) obsessive-compulsive disorder; (6) posttraumatic stress disorder; (7) acute stress disorder; (8) generalized anxiety disorder. An acute intense attack of anxiety accompanied by feeling of impending doom is known as panic disorder. The term phobia refer to an excessive fear of a specific object, circumstance, or situation. Obsessivecompulsive disorder is represented by a diverse group of symptoms that include intrusive thoughts, rituals, preoccupations, and compulsions. Posttraumatic stress disorder is a condition marked by development of symptoms after exposure to traumatic life events. Generalized anxiety disorder is defined as excessive anxiety and worry about several events or activities for most days during at least a 6-month period.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.56-60
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• 2006

Panic disorder is a relatively common psychiatric illness (life time prevalence 3.5%), and it is known that 91% of patients with panic disorder have at least one other psychiatric disorder. And patients with panic disorder, who have coexisting generalized anxiety disorder, tend to have more severe symptoms and less favorable outcome and respond less well to psychological and pharmacologic treatment. The authors report a 51-year old male who was previously diagnosed as panic disorder in the out-patient clinic, showed poor response to antipanic treatment. However, he showed great improvement after he was treated for panic disorder and comorbid generalized anxiety disorder. This case report showed that more effort to identify comorbid conditions is needed in panic disorder patients and the effectiveness of venlafaxine in the treatment of panic disorder with generalized anxiety disorder.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.71-84
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• 2007

Objectives The purpose of this study is to report a case of transient tic disorder, chronic motor tic disorder, and Tourette's disorder of the children who treated by herbal medicine. Methods We treated the tic-disorder children with herbal medicine (Samchulgeonbitang, Oyaksun- gisankamibang, Cheonggan-soyosan), and we evaluated tic disorder cases by Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS). Results We treated a tic-disorder patients with herbal medicine and we had some good effects on a patients who had transient tic disorder, chronic motor tic disorder, and Tourette's disorder. The patients' symptomswere improved and the YGTSS also decreased. Conclusions Herbal medicine works well especially for tic-disorder, and active medical treatments are the most important thing for Transient tic disorder.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.216-222
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• 2015

Objectives The principal aim of the present study was to investigate the characteristic depressive symptoms in patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD) and panic disorder in comparison to patients with depressive disorder. Methods This study included 132 patients with SAD, 128 panic disorder and 64 depressive disorder (major depressive disorder, dysthymia etc.) patients without comorbid psychiatric disorders. The Beck Depressive Inventory (BDI) is used to measure depressive symptoms. We divided BDI into three categories originally described by Shafer AB, including negative attitude toward self, performance impairment, and somatic symptoms. We compared the depressive symptoms of SAD, panic disorder and depressive disorder by using ANOVA. Results Negative attitude toward self was noticeable in SAD (SAD $0.54{\pm}0.23$, panic disorder $0.41{\pm}0.17$, depressive disorder $0.46{\pm}0.11$, p < 0.001). Performance impairment and somatic symptoms were remarkable in panic disorder than in SAD and depressive disorder (performance impairment : SAD $0.39{\pm}0.21$, panic disorder $0.44{\pm}0.14$, depressive disorder $0.40{\pm}0.09$, p = 0.009 ; somatic symptoms : SAD $0.07{\pm}0.10$, panic disorder $0.15{\pm}0.12$, depressive disorder $0.14{\pm}0.08$, p < 0.001). Conclusions The results facilitate an approach to optimal treatment for patients with comorbidity of anxiety disorder and depression.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.146-152
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• 2012

Objective : Individuals with anxiety disorders experience a wide range of time to seeking treatment (TST) as well as various comorbid mental disorders. The present study examined the TST in social anxiety disorder (SAD) and panic disorder. This study aimed to find out the influence of comorbid mental disorder on TST of anxiety disorder through the comparison of SAD and panic disorder. Methods : This study included 311 SAD and 378 panic disorder patients at the initial visit of psychiatric clinic. Contribution of clinical (number of comorbidity, comorbid type and onset age) and demographic (current age) factors to TST were investigated by multivariate analysis. Results : The median length of TST was 14.03 years in SAD and 2.26 years in panic disorder. In social anxiety disorder, fewer comorbidity, younger onset age, and older age were factors associated with delayed TST. In panic disorder, only younger onset age was associated with delayed TST. In both disorders, comorbid depressive disorder was associated with shorter TST. Conclusion : Our data provided the differences in illness behavior needing help based on comorbid mental disorders between SAD and panic disorder. In addition to comorbid disorder, factors affecting TST of anxiety disorder requires future investigation.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.129-146
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• 2003

Objectives : Developmental disorder include every disorder that obstruct functional developments. For example, Mental Retardation, Autism, Developmental Academic Skill Disorder, Developmental Language Disorder, Cerebral Palsy, Tic Disorder(Tourette's Disorder), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Brain injury etc. Methods : Chinese medical circles study herbs, acupuncture and cooperate Western medicine for treat the Developmental disorder variety. So, we research Chinese and Korean Medical Journal from 1990 to 2003, choose the Acupuncture Therapy. Results : Acupuncture Therapy include head needling, body acupuncture, ear-acupuncture therapy, therapy of point injection. By these ways control brain, the brain's marrow, liver, kidney, heart and treat the developmental disorder effective.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2020

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to explore comparison of clinical characteristics among Anxiety disorder, Depressive disorder, and Co-morbid of Anxiety disorder and Depressive disorder. Methods : Since January, 2017 to May, 2019, patients were recruited from the department of psychiatry of Hanyang University Guri Hospital. Participants were diagnosed Anxiety disorder, Depressive disorder, and Co-morbid of Anxiety disorder and Depressive disorder using DSM-5 criteria by board certified psychiatrists or clinical psychologists. And each of participants tested with MMPI-2 and clinical psychologists were converted MMPI-2 to MMPI-2-RF. The data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. Results : The results indicated EID, RC2, HLP, SAV, and INTR-r were the highest in Co-morbid of Anxiety disorder and Depressive disorder group. And BXD, RC4, JCP, and AGGR-r were the highest in Depressive disorder group. Conclusions : The results indicated that Co-morbid of Anxiety disorder and Depressive disorder group were more severe internalizing dysfunction like lower positive emotion, helplessness, social avoidance and discomfort than single-diagnosed group. Single Depressive disorder group were more serious externalizing dysfunction like anger and aggression than single Anxiety disorder and Co-morbid of Anxiety disorder and Depressive disorder. The implications and limitations were discussed.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.93-100
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• 2013

Major depressive disorder causes significant dysfunction and disability. Many of depressed patients tend to have cormobid anxiety disorders, substance use disorders and personality disorders, and so on. In this study, we reviewed researches about the effects of comorbid anxiety disorder, substance use disorder on depressive symptoms, progress, treatment, etc. In addition, the latest knowledges related to treatment was reviewed. If the symptoms of anxiety disorder coexist, They leads to the deterioration of the course and has an adverse effect on treatment response. Comorbid substance use disorder, such as alcohol dependence, causes worsening of symptoms and progression, and a loss of therapeutic response. Therapeutic clinical guidelines and instructions to comorbid psychiatric disorders on major depressive disorder was not established clearly, but consensus-based or evidence-based studies will be necessary for treatment for comorbid psychiatric disorders on major depressive disorder.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.59-72
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• 2012

Since a protein displays its specific functions when disorder region of protein sequence transits to order region with provoking a biological reaction, the separation of disorder region and order region from the sequence data is urgently necessary for predicting three dimensional structure and characteristics of the protein. To classify the disorder and order region efficiently, this paper proposes a classification/prediction method using sequence data while acquiring a non-biased result on a specific characteristics of protein and improving the classification speed. The emerging patterns based EPs-TFP methods utilizes only the essential emerging pattern in which the redundant emerging patterns are removed. This classification method finds the sequence patterns of disorder region, such sequence patterns are frequently shown in disorder region but relatively not frequently in the order region. We expand P-tree and T-tree conceptualized TFP method into a classification/prediction method in order to improve the performance of the proposed algorithm. We used Disprot 4.9 and CASP 7 data to evaluate EPs-TFP technique, the results of order/disorder classification show sensitivity 73.6, specificity 69.51 and accuracy 74.2.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.69-76
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• 2023

Objective : This study aimed to find out whether the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) scales are useful in distinguishing social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and major depressive disorder. Methods : The study sample included 118 patients: 33 with social anxiety disorder, 53 with major depressive disorder, and 32 with panic disorder. Participants were classified according to the diagnosis indicated on their medical records. MMPI-2-RF scores were derived from MMPI-2 protocols. Results : The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that the elevated scales were consistent with the diagnostic and clinical characteristics of each diafnostic group. Logistic regression analyses identified several scales that were useful in differentiating the diagnostic groups. The higher Cognitive Complaints (COG) scale significantly differentiated major depressive disorder from the other groups. The higher Self-Doubt (SFD) scale and Somatic Complaints (RC1) scale were useful in differentiating social anxiety disorder and panic disorder respectively. The lower Cynicism (RC3) scale was also useful in differentiating social anxiety disorder. Other scales that were useful in distinguishing between pairs of groups were also identified. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that the MMPI-2-RF scales can be useful for discriminating anxiety disorders.