• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.237-243
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• 1998

Three fungicides, Orbit (propiconazole), Benlate (benomyl) and ASC-66835 (fluazinam), were tested as soil drenches to control disappearing root rot (DRR) of ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) in gardens artificially infested with Cylindrocarpon dsstrutans. The incidence of DRR was low (0∼3.5%) in uninfected plots and significantly higher in infested plots (2.6∼19.9%). Significant reductions in the incidence of DRR were observed in 1-year-old and 2-year-old gardens that were treated and assessed for disease in the same year Significant control was not obtained in 3-year-old gardens treated and as secede in the same year, or in 1-year-old or 2-year-old gardens assessed in the year following information. Disease incidence was significantly reduced by 49-77% by low and high rates of benomyl (45 and 1,250 mg a.1./L) and propiconazole (10 and 40 mg a.i./L) and by fluazinam at 150 mg a.i./L. These fungicides seem to be worthy of further investigation as soil drenches to control DRR of ginseng.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.91-98
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• 1989

The effects of the serum total protein and immunoglobulin levels of the colostrumconferred Korean native calves at 2 days of age on the disease incidence during the suckling period were studied. The results obtained were summerized as follows: 1. Serum total protein, total immunoglobulin, IgG, and IgM levels of 6 Korean native claves died from septicemia were lower than those of calves survived (p<0.05). 2. Korean native calves having low serum total protein and immunoglobulins were affected with diarrhea earlier in life, when compared with calves having high serum levels (p<0.05). 3. Korea native calves having low serum total protein were affected with bronchopneumonia earlier in life, when compared with calves having high serum levels (p<0.05). 4. Korean native calves having low serum neutralizing antibody titers to bovine viral diarrhea virus had high incidence rate of BVD, when compared with calves having high serum neutralizing antibody titers (p<0.05).

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2023

In the past, rice bakanae was considered an endemic disease that did not cause significant losses in Korea; however, the disease has recently become a serious threat due to climate change, changes in farming practices, and the emergence of fungicide-resistant strains. Since the bakanae outbreak in 2006, its incidence has gradually decreased due to the application of effective control measures such as hot water immersion methods and seed disinfectants. However, in 2013, a marked increase in bakanae incidence was observed, causing problems for rice farmers. Therefore, in this review, we present the potential risks from climate change based on an epidemiological understanding of the pathogen, host plant, and environment, which are the key elements influencing the incidence of bakanae. In addition, disease management options to reduce the disease pressure of bakanae below the economic threshold level are investigated, with a specific focus on resistant varieties, as well as chemical, biological, cultural, and physical control methods. Lastly, as more effective countermeasures to bakanae, we propose an integrated disease management option that combines different control methods, including advanced imaging technologies such as remote sensing. In this review, we revisit and examine bakanae, a traditional seed-borne fungal disease that has not gained considerable attention in the agricultural history of Korea. Based on the understanding of the present significance and anticipated risks of the disease, the findings of this study are expected to provide useful information for the establishment of an effective response strategy to bakanae in the era of climate change.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.1247-1253
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• 2003

Selection for increased milk production in dairy cows has often resulted in a higher incidence of disease and thus incurred a greater health costs. Considerable interests have been shown in breeding dairy cattle for disease resistance in recent years. This paper discusses the limitations of breeding dairy cattle for genetic resistance in six parts: 1) complexity of disease resistance, 2) difficulty in estimating genetic parameters for planning breeding programs against disease, 3) undesirable relationship between production traits and disease, 4) disease as affected by recessive genes, 5) new mutation of the pathogens, and 6) variable environmental factors. The hidden problems of estimating genetic and phenotypic parameters involving disease incidence were examined in terms of categorical nature, non-independence, heterogeneity of error variance, non-randomness, and automatic relationship between disease and production traits. In light of these limitations, the prospect for increasing genetic resistance by conventional breeding methods would not be so bright as we like. Since the phenomenon of disease is the result of a joint interaction among host genotype, pathogen genotype and environment, it becomes essential to adopt an integrated approach of increasing genetic resistance of the host animals, manipulating the pathogen genotypes, developing effective vaccines and drugs, and improving the environmental conditions. The advances in DNA-based technology show considerable promise in directly manipulating host and pathogen genomes for genetic resistance and producing vaccines and drugs for prevention and medication to promote the wellbeing of the animals.

• 식물병연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2011

충북의 고추 주산지인 청원, 보은, 음성, 괴산의 포장에서 고추 역병 발생에 따른 이병주율과 수량과의 관계를 조사하였다. 괴산을 제외한 3개의 시험포장에서 고추 역병의 증가는 수량감소를 가져왔다. 고추 역병 이병주율과 수량 사이의 높은 상관을 나타내는 수확시기는 청원에서는 3차, 보은에서는 2차 수확기로 나타나 지역별로 다소 차이를 보였다. 이와는 달리 저항성 대목을 이용하여 접목재배를 한 괴산 시험포장에서는 고추 역병 발생량과 수량 사이에 매우 낮은 상관을 나타냈다. 청원 시험 포장에서 이병주율 100%에 도달하는 데 소요되는 시기는 2006년에 비해 2007년에 40일 이상 늦어졌다. 고추 역병 발생이 적었던 포장(이병주율 5% 이하)에서 수량감소 5%를 가져오는 고추 역병 요방제 수준은 0.8%로 설정되었다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.919-929
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• 2016

본 연구는 비닐하우스에서 오이재배 시 유기농업자재(석회보르도액, 황토유황합제)와 순지르기가 노균병 발병에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 수행되었다. 자재는 석회보르도액과 황토유황합제를 사용하였으며 석회보르도액은 최적농도를 규명하기 위해 석회와 황산구리의 배합비율을 조절하여 5가지를 만들어서 노균병 발생 후 치료위주로 처리하였다. 본 실험을 수행한 결과, 자재 중에서는 4-6식 석회보르도액이 가장 효율적이라는 것을 알 수 있었고 황토유황합제는 석회보르도액보다 효과가 떨어졌으나 병에 대한 억제효과가 있었다. 순지르기가 병 발생억제에 미치는 영향에 있어서는 순지르기를 한 것이 제거하지 않은 것 보다 병 발생이 56.3% 억제되었다. 순지르기시기에 따른 오이 노균병 발생정도는 감수성 품종인 미소백다다기의 경우 순지르기를 할수록 병 발생이 감소되었고 저항성 품종인 흑룡삼척의 경우에는 병 발생이 적어 차이를 보이지 않았다. 또한 유기농업자재와 순지르기를 병행처리 한 결과, 자재와 순지르기 처리를 병행 처리한 처리구가 모두 병반면적률이 낮았으며 그 중에서도 석회보르도액 4-6식이 가장 낮은 병반면적률을 나타내었다. 본 연구를 통해 순지르기가 오이 노균병 억제에 효과가 있고 자재와 함께 병행하여 처리하였을 때 더 효과가 높았음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.141-147
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• 1990

The present study was carried out to investigate the agent of foot disease of cattles, to develop the therapeutics. The results obtained were as follows ; 1. Sixty eight heads of cattle affected foot rot during the observation period and the incidence rate shown 3.25%. 2. The high incidence was observed on September and October. 3. The disease was more frequently seen affecting in hindlimbs than forelimbs. 4. The disease was more frequently seen affecting in older cattles and higher milk production cow. 5. Isolated strains wert shown E. coli (20.6%), Staphylococcus SPP (17.6%), stridium SPP (22.1%), Fusobacterium SPP (20.6%), Bacteroid SPP (19.1%). 6. The most susceptible therapeutics are A, B preparation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권18호
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• pp.8321-8325
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• 2016

Background: The incidence of hydatidiform mole (HM) differs among regions but has declined significantly over time. In Thailand, the initiation of universal health coverage in 2002 has resulted in a change of medical services countrywide. However, impacts of these policies on gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) cases in Thailand have not been reported. This study aimed to find the incidence of hydatidiform mole (HM) in King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital (KCMH) from 1994-2013, comparing before and after the implementation of the universal coverage health policy. Materials and Methods: All cases of GTD in KCMH from 1994-2013 were reviewed from medical records. The incidence of HM, patient characteristics, treatment and remission rates were compared over two study decades between 1994-2003 and 2004-2013. Results: Hydatidiform mole cases decreased from 204 cases in the first decade to 111 cases in the seond decade. Overall incidence of HM was 1.70 per 1,000 deliveries. The incidence of HM in the first and second decades were 1.70 and 1.71 per 1,000 deliveries, respectively (p=0.65, 95%CI 1.54-1.88). Referred cases of nonmolar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) increased from 12 (4.4%) to 23 (14.4%, p<0.01). Vaginal bleeding was the most common presenting symptom which decreased from 89.4% to 79.6% (p=0.02). Asymptomatic HM patients increased from 4.8% to 10.2% (p=0.07). Rate of postmolar GTN was 26%. Conclusions: The number of HM cases in this study decreased over 2 decades but incidence was unchanged. Referral rates of malignant cases were more common after universal health coverage policy initiation. Classic clinical presentation was decreased significantly in the last decade.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제86권2호
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• pp.120-132
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• 2023

Background: To systematically review studies on inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and lung cancer incidence in chronic airway disease patients. Methods: We conducted electronic bibliographic searches on OVID-MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database before May 2020 to identify relevant studies. Detailed data on the study population, exposure, and outcome domains were reviewed. Results: Of 4,058 screened publications, 13 eligible studies in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma evaluated lung cancer incidence after ICS exposure. Pooled hazard ratio and odds ratio for developing lung cancer in ICS exposure were 0.81 (95% confidence interval, 0.64 to 1.02; I²=95.7%) from 10 studies and 1.02 (95% confidence interval 0.50 to 2.07; I²=94.7%) from three studies. Meta-regression failed to explain the substantial heterogeneity of pooled estimates. COPD and asthma were variously defined without spirometry in 11 studies. Regarding exposure assessment, three and 10 studies regarded ICS exposure as a time-dependent and fixed variable, respectively. Some studies assessed ICS use for the entire study period, whereas others assessed ICS use for 6 months to 2 years within or before study entry. Smoking was adjusted in four studies, and only four studies introduced 1 to 2 latency years in their main or subgroup analysis. Conclusion: Studies published to date on ICS and lung cancer incidence had heterogeneous study populations, exposures, and outcome assessments, limiting the generation of a pooled conclusion. The beneficial effect of ICS on lung cancer incidence has not yet been established, and understanding the heterogeneities will help future researchers to establish robust evidence on ICS and lung cancer incidence.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the epidemiological prevalence of diseases from birth to weaning in 268 Koeran native calves which was delivered from three stock farm in Chonbuk area. We examined body weight gain, incidence rate of diseases and mortality rate in relation to age, season, environmental temperature and rearing management conditions for one year. The results of this experiment were as follows: Birth weight and body weight gain of Korean native calves born of primiparae were lower than those of multiparae. Body weight gain of diseased calves was lower than normal calves. Of 268 delivered calves, 242 calves(90.3%) were affected with gastronistestinal and/or respiratory diseases. The prevalence of the diseases were gastronitestinal disease(54.1%), gastronitestinal and respiratory disease(21.6%), and respiratory disease(14.5%). Of 242 diseased calves, 33 calves(13.6%) were occurred gastronitestinal disease and respiratory disease at different time respectively. Of 268 delivered calves, 126 calves were died(47%). The prevalence of the death were gastronitestinal disease(31.4%), gastronitestinal and respiratory disease(14.5%), and respiratory disease(1.1%). 81% of the diseases and 76.2% of the death were occurred in winter and a change of season(December to May). 59.1% of the diseases and 52.4% of the death were occurred at atmospheric temperatures below 1$0^{\circ}C$. 91.7% of the diseased calves and 96.8% of the dead calves were born of primiparae. 77.2% of the gastronitestinal disease were occurred within 2 weeks old, and the incidence was decreased with increasing age. Whereas the incidence of respiratory disease was incidence with ageing, and 69.2% of the respiratory disease were occurred between 2 weeks and 5 weeks old. And 62% of the gastronitestinal and respiratory disease wre occurred between 1 week and 3 weeks old. 65.1% of the dead calves were died within 2 weeks old. The morbidity and population mortality rate in each farm stock were 56.5%-104.9%, and 14.5%-64.2%, respectively.