• International Journal of Stem Cells
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.156-167
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• 2023

Background and Objectives: Cellular reprogramming in regenerative medicine holds great promise for treating patients with neurological disorders. In this regard, small molecule-mediated cellular conversion has attracted special attention because of its ease of reproducibility, applicability, and fewer safety concerns. However, currently available protocols for the direct conversion of somatic cells to neurons are limited in clinical application due of their complex nature, lengthy process, and low conversion efficiency. Methods and Results: Here, we report a new protocol involving chemical-based direct conversion of human fibroblasts (HF) to matured neuron-like cells with a short duration and high conversion efficiency using temporal and strategic dual epigenetic regulation. In this protocol, epigenetic modulation by inhibition of histone deacetylase and bromodomain enabled to overcome "recalcitrant" nature of adult fibroblasts and shorten the duration of neuronal reprogramming. We further observed that an extended epigenetic regulation is necessary to maintain the induced neuronal program to generate a homogenous population of neuron-like cells. Conclusions: Therefore, our study provides a new protocol to produce neurons-like cells and highlights the need of proper epigenetic resetting to establish and maintain neuronal program in HF.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.116.1-116.1
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• 2000

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.85-93
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• 2024

This study examines the direct effects of infant temperament, infant happiness, playfulness, and self-regulation and the mediating effect of playfulness and self-regulation in the relationship between infant temperament and infant happiness, and examines the relationship of influence on infant happiness according to infant temperament. The purpose is to provide theoretical and practical information for promotion. The main results of this study are as follows. First, the activity of infant temperament was found to have a positive effect on infant happiness. Second, the adaptability, activity, and approach-avoidance of children's temperament were found to have a positive effect on playability. Third, the physiological regularity of infant temperament was found to have a positive effect on self-regulation. Fourth, playfulness and self-regulation were found to have a positive effect on children's happiness. Fifth, playfulness was found to play a mediating role between infant temperament adaptability, activity, approach avoidance, and happiness. Sixth, self-regulation was found to play a mediating role between the physiological regularity of infant temperament and infant happiness. In conclusion, this study can improve children's happiness by analyzing the direct effects on children's happiness, playfulness, and self-regulation according to the sub-factors of children's temperament, and the indirect influence of the mediating variables, playability and self-regulation, on children's happiness. It is meaningful in providing theoretical and practical basic data for early childhood care and education by understanding what direction there is.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.167-182
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• 2015

This study created a structural model of the influence of paternal and maternal meta-emotion philosophy and children's emotion regulation in terms of their social competence and confirmed the nature of the relationship among the variables. For the purpose of this study, data was collected, targeting 363 children in the $5^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ elementary school grades from schools located in Seoul. The main results of this study were as follows: First, both paternal and maternal meta-emotion philosophy had an influence on children's emotion regulation and emotion dysregulation. Next, paternal and maternal meta-emotion philosophy did not appear to have a significant influence on children's social competence in a direct manner. The complete mediation effect of emotion regulation in regards to the influence of paternal and maternal meta-emotion philosophy upon children's social competence was confirmed. It was also found that parental meta-emotion philosophy had an influence upon children's social competence in an indirect manner through children's emotion regulation in the period of middle childhood.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.441-451
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to examine the multiple mediated effects of self-regulation and hopelessness between self efficacy and internet game addiction in middle school students. Methods: The participants were 458 middle school students in G City, South Korea. Multiple mediation was analyzed using Indirect SPSS macro and the bootstrapping method. Results: Significant negative correlations were observed for internet game addiction, self-efficacy, and self-regulation. Self-efficacy and self-regulation were positively correlated. Self-efficacy showed a direct effect on Internet game addiction. The results of the indirect effects of all mediators showed the mediated effect of self-regulation (estimated effect=-.11, 95% CI[-.20, -.03]) and hopelessness(estimated effect=-.06, 95% CI[-.12, -.01]). Conclusion: Based on these study results, we suggest that self-efficacy should be examined to prevent development of Internet game addiction in middle school students. It is necessary to provide Internet game addiction preventive programs focusing on changing the self-regulation and relieving the feelings of hopelessness.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1275-1281
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• 2005

The $G_{q/11}$ protein-coupled receptors, such as muscarinic (M1 & M3) receptors, have been shown to regulate the release of a soluble amyloid precursor protein (sAPP$\alpha$) produced from $\alpha$-secretase processing. However, there is no direct evidence for the precise characteristics of G proteins, and the signaling mechanism for the regulation of $G_{q/11}$ protein-coupled receptor mediated sAPP$\alpha$ release is not clearly understood. This study examined whether the muscarinic receptor-mediated release of sAPP$\alpha$ is directly regulated by $G\alpha_{q/11}$ proteins. The HEK293 cells were transiently cotransfected with muscarinic M3 receptors and a dominant-negative minigene construct of the G protein $\alpha$ subunit. The sAPP$\alpha$ release in the media was measured using an antibody specific for sAPP. The sAPP$\alpha$ release enhancement induced by muscarinic receptor stimulation was decreased by a $G_{q/11}$ minigene construct, whereas it was not blocked by a control minigene construct (the G$\alpha$ carboxy peptide in random order, G$\alpha_{q}$R) or $G\alpha_{j}$ constructs. This indicated a direct role of the $G\alpha_{q/11}$ protein in the regulation of muscarinic M3 receptor-mediated sAPP$\alpha$ release. We also investigated whether the transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) by a muscarinic agonist could regulate the sAPP$\alpha$ release in SH-SY5Y cells. Pretreatment of a specific EGFR kinase inhibitor, tyrophostin AG1478 (250 nM), blocked the EGF-stimulated sAPP$\alpha$ release, but did not block the oxoM­stimulated sAPP$\alpha$ release. This demonstrated that the transactivation of the EGFR by muscarinic receptor activation was not involved in the muscarinic receptor-mediated sAPP$\alpha$ release.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2001.07a
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• pp.60-64
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• 2001

Recent recovery of the Korean economy drives a rapid increase in utility consumption and requires more stable utility supply and maintenance. However, power location security hardship, reinforcement of international environmental regulation and a huge cost of power plant construction have increased the burden laid on the stable supply. In addition, an efficient and flexible load management is required more than any era since an increment of the rate of increase in cooling load is expected. Therefore, according as the necessity of direct load control for cooling load during the summer in Korea was on the rise, direct load control systems by Internet communication method are constructed at five commercial buildings. Based on practical load control, this study proposes various application modes and communication methods prior to extension diffusion of direct load control hereafter.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.347-348
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• 2014

After-treatment system for gasoline direct injection engines should be considered due to the regulation standard for particle number emitted from spark ignition engine vehicles. A metal foam particulate filter, which is thought to be more proper for gasoline engines for its unique filtration and heat resistance characteristics, has been evaluated via engine dynamometer tests.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.605-619
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• 2019

This study aimed to examine the mediating roles of self-determined motivations on the effect of class climate perceived by middle school students on self-regulated learning ablility. For this purpose, a total of 589 students were selected as subjects in this research. Structural equation modeling was conducted so as to verify the relationship among all the variables. As a results, first, the perceived autonomous class climate had a direct effect on self-regulated learning ability and an indirect effect on self-regulated learning ability through the mediation effect of identified regulation. Second, the perceived controlled class climate had a direct effect on self-regulated learning ability and an indirect effect on self-regulated learning ability through the mediation effect of identified regulation, introjected regulation, and external regulation. This study implies that facilitating autonomous engagement in learning activities will be a effective educational intervention to improve self-regulated learning ability.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.91-97
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• 2014

This study aims to suggest a measure to reduce industrial accident and secure adaptation to the industrial safety regulation policies by empirically establishing the effects of stress from adaptation to the industrial safety regulation on the human error, one of direct causes of industrial accident to the target groups of the industrial safety regulation policies. This study as for content range examines the stress from adaptation to the industrial safety regulation, job satisfaction, human error, and as for spatial range, this study performed an empirical research on the workers of 24 companies located within Chungcheong region centers district among 153 companies nationwide that uses 7 chemicals by introducing PSM (process safety management) system of the Ministry of Employment & Labor as of January 2012. Based on these results and suggestions there are five(5) necessities to reduce industrial safety regulations adaptation stress and human error generation, first(1st) is the necessity of understanding influential factors to stress, second(2nd) is the necessity to customized vocational training, third(3rd) is improving enhance system of job satisfaction, forth(4th) is preparing stress-reduction program, and fifth(5th) is introducing on-site restrictive action of advanced country as politics items.