• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.36-54
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• 1996

This paper presents a design procedure of engine power system for vehicle. The implementation and operation environment of engine plant is somewhat diversed through the various kind of vehicles. Regarding this point, we adopt a multi-purposed design objective function which can be easily modified to reflect diverse mount design rules which have been recommended and used generally by relating fields. To search the mount parameters which provide the optimal performance, a direct search method based on an orthogonal array is developed and applied. Through several simulated results, the effectiveness of the developed disign tool is investigated and discussed.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.125-129
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• 2013

This paper deals with a water-cooled direct drive permanent magnet (DD-PM) motor design for an injection-molding application. In order to meet the requirements for the target application and consider the practical problems of the manufacturing industry, the DD-PM motor is designed in consideration of efficiency and structural strength with many constraints. The performances of the designed motor are estimated not only by magnetic field analysis, but also by thermal and structural analysis. The design and analysis results are presented with experiment results.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.29-40
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• 2021

Purpose: In this study, with the transaction amount of foreign direct Purchase and foreign direct sales increasing, South Korea is in a situation where foreign direct sales are focused on China. We looked at the impact of consumer innovation and site characteristics on repurchase ability among the characteristics of overseas direct purchase consumers as a way to make direct overseas sales to various overseas countries. Research design, data and methodology: Consumer innovativeness consists of four variables: functional, hedonistic, social, and cognitive, and the site characteristics consisted of four variables: product price, product assortment, convenience, and service. The study was conducted on consumers with foreign direct purchase experience, and was finally used in 252 additional analyses. Results: The main findings of this study were first, that the impact on the degree of re-purchase among consumer innovativeness of foreign direct purchase consumers had a significant impact in the order of cognitive innovativeness, hedonistic innovativeness, and functional innovativeness. Social innovativeness did not affect the degree of re-purchase. Second, site characteristics have been found to have a significant impact on the degree of re-purchase in order of product assortment, commodity price, and service. Convenience did not affect the degree of re-purchase. Conclusions Taken together these results can be called the biggest characteristic of the cognitive innovativeness of the consumer's inclination to use the overseas direct purchase, the price or quick response of the goods sold on the site is a factor that affects the re-purchase, above all it is important to have a variety of products. We will present this element as a way to make direct sales abroad to various countries. In addition, foreign direct purchase is a lot of transactions in China, the United States, EU, but the share of China is high in foreign direct sales, and the U.S. and EU have a very low performance, it is important to consider the reasons why they prefer Korean products in China to study the social and cultural characteristics of U.S. and European consumers in the future, and to support and active marketing that companies and sellers can increase sales.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.441-444
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• 1998

The negative direct-maternal genetic correlation $(r_{dm})$ for weaning weight is inflated when data are analyzed with model ignoring sire-by-year interactions (SY). An analytical study investigating the consequences of ignoring SY was undertaken. The inflation of negative correlation could be due to a functional relationship of design matrices for additive direct and maternal genetic effects to that for sire effects within which SY effects were nested. It was proven that the maternal genetic variance was inflated by the amount of reduction for sire variance; the direct genetic variance was inflated by four times the change for maternal genetic variance; and the direct-maternal genetic covariance was deflated by twice the change for maternal genetic variance. The findings were agreed to the results in previous studies.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.281-284
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• 2004

This paper presents the design and implementation of a QoS based enhanced collaboration system in MDO. This is an efficient distributed communication tool between designers. It supports text communication, audio/video communication, file transfer and XML data sending/receiving. Specially, this system supports a dynamic QoS self-adaptation by using the improved direct adjustment algorithm (DAA+). The original direct adjustment algorithm adjusts the transmission rate according to the congestion level of the network, based on the end to end real time transport protocol (RTP), and controls the transmission rate by using the information of loss ratio in real time transport control protocol (RTCP). But the direct adjustment algorithm does not consider when the RTCP packets are lost. We suggest an improved direct adjustment algorithm to solve this problem. We apply our improved direct adjustment algorithm to our of QoS (Quality of Service) [1] based collaboration system and show the improved performance of transmission rate and loss ratio.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.1819-1826
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• 1997

Direct-drive robots are suitable to the position and force control with high accuracy, but it is difficult to design a controller because of the system's nonlinearity and link-interactions. This paper is concerned with the study of the force control of direct-drive robots. The proposed algorithm consists of feedback controllers and a neural network. After the completion of learning, the output of feedback controller is nearly equal to zero, and the neural network controller plays an important role in the control system. Therefore, the optimum retuning of parameters of feedback controllers is unnecessary. In other words, the proposed algorithm does not require any knowledge of the controlled system in advance. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by the experiment on the force control of the parallelogram link-type direct-drive robot.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 2016

Purpose - This paper aims to find and analyze factors that determine the flows of bilateral foreign direct investment in intra-ASEAN. It specifically focuses on the dimension of macro-economic, natural resources, human resources, and the quality of governance. Research design, data, and methodology - Data were collected from 64 bilateral relations between ASEAN nations from 2002 to 2013. Panel gravity model was utilized to find factors that determine the flows of bilateral foreign direct investment. Results - Significant factors were identified that determine the flows of bilateral foreign direct investment: GDP home country, GDP host country, real interest rate, distance, and total natural resources rent. Unexpectedly, natural resources have a negative effect. Conclusions - In a situation of increasing the flow of FDI among the countries of ASEAN, the government should control the interest rates and maintain good relations with nearby countries. The negative effect of total natural resource rents implies that ASEAN countries should not depend on their natural resources to attract foreign investments.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.10b
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• pp.1364-1367
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• 1996

Recently, direct rolling process, called as strip casting process, has been interested in to save production cost by reducing forming processes. In direct rolling process, since a steel strip of thickness 1-5(mm) can be produced directly from molten metal, it can eliminate secondary hot rolling process. On the other hand, since many process variables are existed in this process and relation of these variables is very complex, it is difficult to realize the process design and the quality control. In this paper, as first step to overcome above difficulties, the quantitative relationship of the process variables affected to quality of the strip has been carried out through the numerical analysis. Also, we determined the process variable to monitor the quality in the direct rolling process. As a result, we show that the solidification final point, called as Nip point, was related directly to quality of the strip.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2000

It is inevitable that every space truss structure would be under some form of direct member loading. At least the structure self weight certainly affects the members directly, and in structures involving top concrete slabs or cladding, their weight is also likely to apply some lateral pressure on the members. In spite of that, direct member loading is usually ignored in space truss designs and assumed to lead only to a negligible effect on truss performance. This study is intended to explore this point and identify the actual effects that can arise from direct member loading, and eventually provide an answer to the question of whether the current design practice is satisfactory or certain modifications would be needed. After presenting two analytical techniques to allow the study of space trusses with laterally loaded members, the paper describes a wide parametric study involving practical-size space trusses with different configurations, aspect ratios, boundary conditions and number of chord panels.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.91-97
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• 2014

A direct RF sampling method refers to a technique that directly converts a passband signal to an intermediate band or a baseband without using a mixer. This method is less complicated than an existing RF receiver because a mixer is not used. It uses digital processing after sampling, and thus can flexibly process signals in a number of bands using software. In this process, it is important to select an appropriate sampling frequency so that a number of signals can be converted to an intermediate band that is easy to process. In this study, going beyond previously studied direct RF sampling frequency selection methods, conditions that need to be additionally considered during receiver design were examined, and the structure of a direct RF sampling receiver that satisfies these conditions was suggested.