• Title/Summary/Keyword: digital representation

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Fast Multiple-Image-Based Deblurring Method (다중 영상 기반의 고속 처리용 디블러링 기법)

  • Son, Chang-Hwan;Park, Hyung-Min
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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    • v.49 no.4
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    • pp.49-57
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    • 2012
  • This paper presents a fast multiple-image-based deblurring method that decreases the computation loads in the image deblurring, enhancing the sharpness of the textures or edges of the restored images. First, two blurred images with some blurring artifacts and one noisy image including severe noises are consecutively captured under a relatively long and short exposures, respectively. To improve the processing speeds, the captured multiple images are downsampled at the ratio of two, and then a way of estimating the point spread function(PSF) based on the image or edge patches extracted from the whole images, is introduced. The method enables to effectively reduce the computation time taken in the PSF prediction. Next, the texture-enhanced image deblurring method of supplementing the ability of the texture representation degraded by the downsampling of the input images, is developed and then applied. Finally, to get the same image size as the original input images, an upsampling method of utilizing the sharp edges of the captured noisy image is applied. By using the proposed method, the processing times taken in the image deblurring, which is the main obstacle of its application to the digital cameras, can be shortened, while recovering the fine details of the textures or edge components.

Post-Medium and Postproduction: Contemporaneity of Contemporary Art (포스트-미디엄과 포스트프로덕션 : 포스트모더니즘 이후 현대미술의 '동시대성(contemporaneity)')

  • Chung, Yeon Shim
    • The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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    • no.14
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    • pp.187-215
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    • 2012
  • In recent studies of art historical methodology, such as Critical Terms for Art History and The Art of Art History, subjectivity, identity, abjection, and other terms have been placed safely in the genealogy of contemporary art history. This paper questions the contemporaneity in the story of contemporary art in our time in relation to two other critical terms that have been regularly cited by contemporary critics, not only in Euro-American fields but also in Korea. The terms are postmedium and postproduction, respectively, as used by Rosalind Krauss and Nicolas Bourriaud. This paper stems from the critical condition in which art criticism and theory have their power in the rise of neo-liberalism. But this paper does not deal with the contemporary as a chronological term for art history but rather examines the three critical terms-contemporaneity, post-medium, and postproduction-that have garnered scholarly attention. I would like to put aside postmodernism for the moment; I don't disregard the postmodern condition although the death of postmodern critical terms has resulted in the loss of its polemical power in art worlds such as in exhibitions, etc. To look at "the postproduction in the age of post-medium age after postmodernism," I first explore Krauss's notion of post-medium because, unlike media artists like Lev Manovich and Peter Weibel, Krauss's post-medium condition is different and insists on medium specificity. In this sense, Krauss has turned out to be another Greenberg in disguise. For her, photography and video are expanded mediums after Greenberg, because Krauss has spent her life explicating those mediums. Under the Cup, her recent publication, came out in 2011, and discusses her desire to defend medium-specificity against the intermedia of installation art found ubiquitously in international exhibitions and biennales. Her usage of post-medium has been taken up by Weibel as postmedia in a broader sense. But whether the post-medium condition or the postmedia age, we nonetheless enter the new age of the contemporary. Consequently, this paper questions what constitutes contemporaneity in our times. It is said that there is nothing new on earth, yet I find original artistic strategies among the younger generation in the postmedia age. The contemporary justifies its place in art fields and criticism by keeping its distance from postmodernism although we still find the remnants of postmodern artistic practices and theoretical foundations. By looking at materials written by Terry Smith, I would like to examine contemporaneity as a rhetoric where artists, critics, and curators endeavor to set up a new spirit of criticism, distant from the past of modernism and postmodernism. In discussions, modernism and postmodernism act as catalysts interacting with each other while justifying their own place. In conclusion, my paper reaches to delineate where the contemporary finds its place among artists' responses and working methods. It explores the postproduction of the Internet and the World Wide Web generations, where images become data rather than representation (of modernism) and appropriation (of postmodernism). This paper analyzes Bourriaud's text, as well as relevant artists like Pierre Huyghe, Liam Gillick, and others. By examining the aforementioned critical terms, I would like to reconsider our own contemporary art in Korea, especially among young artists influenced by digital media and the World Wide Web in the 1990s.

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Research on the Visual Characteristics of a Representative View of the Skyline; - Referring to Landscape Assessment of Mt. Mudeung from Various Viewpoints - (도시 배후 산 지형 스카이라인 경관의 조망 특성과 경관 대표성 평가 - 시점 위치에 따른 무등산 조망경관 분석을 중심으로 -)

  • Cho, Tong-Buhm
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.35 no.6
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    • pp.84-96
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    • 2008
  • This research investigated the landscape characteristics of the skyline and the cognitive characteristics of Mt. Mudeung (1,186m) from various viewpoints. Mt. Mudeung, the representative landscape of Gwangju City, has been recognized as a natural landmark and theme of paintings. By analyzing the perspective from 32 points with a digital terrain model, some landscape indices of the skyline were derived and the relationships are discussed. Assessment of the semantic differential scale with 21 adjective variables and representativeness to 15 landscape photographs of the mountain were accomplished. 1. Through regression analysis of the skyline indices, significant relationships were found between them the angle from the visual axis and number of skyline jumps, the vertical angle fluctuation and number of jumps per degree, the visual depth fluctuation and vertical angle fluctuation of skyline, and between the vertical angle mean and number of jumps per degree. Meaningful relations were found between the number of jumps of skyline to number of jumps per degree and the angle from visual axis to visual distance. However, in the representative assessment no difference was found on the angle from visual axis of viewpoints. On the other hand, it seemed to relate representativeness with visual clarity based on visual distance. 2. We found 4 factors "familiarity", "fluctuation of skylines", "openness", and "feeling of texture" in the results of factor analysis of semantic differential assessment. When considering the results of assessment for representativeness, adjective words for familiarity and openness seemed to have a close assessment. Specifically, the research showed that the landscape representation was highly assessed in a view which could be seen from the higher parts to the lower part of hills. This result indicates that the management of viewpoints which could get a scene from intermediate to distant, and locating a high elevation is important. 3. In the picturesque expression of Mt. Mudeung, various impressions from the different points, a skyline based on the top of Mt. Mudeung and a mono structure by overlapping hills were common characteristics. These common characteristics were also partially found through the analysis of topographical landscape indices and landscape images. Therefore, the viewpoints for the representative landscape management should be selected in natural or open spaces.

A Study on the Visual Representation of TREC Text Documents in the Construction of Digital Library (디지털도서관 구축과정에서 TREC 텍스트 문서의 시각적 표현에 관한 연구)

  • Jeong, Ki-Tai;Park, Il-Jong
    • Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.1-14
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    • 2004
  • Visualization of documents will help users when they do search similar documents. and all research in information retrieval addresses itself to the problem of a user with an information need facing a data source containing an acceptable solution to that need. In various contexts. adequate solutions to this problem have included alphabetized cubbyholes housing papyrus rolls. microfilm registers. card catalogs and inverted files coded onto discs. Many information retrieval systems rely on the use of a document surrogate. Though they might be surprise to discover it. nearly every information seeker uses an array of document surrogates. Summaries. tables of contents. abstracts. reviews, and MARC recordsthese are all document surrogates. That is, they stand infor a document allowing a user to make some decision regarding it. whether to retrieve a book from the stacks, whether to read an entire article, etc. In this paper another type of document surrogate is investigated using a grouping method of term list. lising Multidimensional Scaling Method (MDS) those surrogates are visualized on two-dimensional graph. The distances between dots on the two-dimensional graph can be represented as the similarity of the documents. More close the distance. more similar the documents.

Rich Media Framework based on MPEG-4 LASeR PMSI Technique (MPEG-4 LASeR PMSI 기술에 기반한 리치미디어 프레임워크 설계 및 구현)

  • Lee, In-Jae;Song, Seung-Won;Lee, Han-Kyu;Cha, Ji-Hun
    • Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.248-264
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    • 2010
  • In this paper, we presents an efficient rich media framework based on MPEG-4 LASeR PMSI. Rich media provides distinctive features such as dynamic updates and object-based interactivity over the conventional AV centric media service. It rapidly gains its popularity as the convergent multimedia services between broadcasting and telecommunication. MPEG-4 LASeR is an international standard which provides specifications for such rich media services. Recently MPEG added an extension to LASeR called PMSI. It provides an efficient technique to present SI on a scene by referencing specific portions of SI from PI. The presented rich media application is using PMSI of MPEG-4 LASeR standard to provide users a widget-like rich media application. This application utilizes MPEG-4 LASeR with PMSI technique as PI, and this PI references SI to present information that resides in SI on a scene. In this paper, we provide descriptions of technical ingredients used to build the presented application. The framework is presented followed by the implementation result. Possible impacts and applicable services are described in the conclusion.

Estimating the Monthly Precipitation Distribution of North Korea Using the PRISM Model and Enhanced Detailed Terrain Information (PRISM과 개선된 상세 지형정보를 이용한 월별 북한지역 강수량 분포 추정)

  • Kim, Dae-jun;Kim, Jin-Hee
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.366-372
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    • 2019
  • The PRISM model has been used to estimate precipitation in South Korea where observation data are readily available at a large number of weather station. However, it is likely that the PRISM model would result in relatively low reliability of precipitation estimates in North Korea where weather data are available at a relatively small number of weather stations. Alternatively, a hybrid method has been developed to estimate the precipitation distribution in area where availability of climate data is relatively low. In the hybrid method, Regression coefficients between the precipitation-terrain relationships are applied to a low-resolution precipitation map produced using the PRISM. In the present study, a hybrid approach was applied to North Korea for estimation of precipitation distribution at a high spatial resolution. At first, the precipitation distribution map was produced at a low-resolution (2,430m) using the PRISM model. Secondly, a deviation map was prepared calculating difference between altitudes of synoptic stations and virtual terrains produced using 270m-resolution digital elevation map (DEM). Lastly, another deviation map of precipitation was obtained from the maps of virtual precipitation produced using observation data from the synoptic weather stations and both synoptic and automated weather station (AWS), respectively. The regression equation between precipitation and terrain was determined using these deviation maps. The high resolution map of precipitation distribution was obtained applying the regression equation to the low-resolution map. It was found that the hybrid approach resulted in better representation of the effects of the terrain. The precipitation distribution map for the hybrid approach had similar spatial pattern to that for the existing method. It was estimated that the mean annual cumulative precipitation of entire territory of North Korea was 1,195mm with a standard deviation of 253mm.

Cinematic Circulation of Meta-verse and Meta-physics (메타버스와 메타피직스의 영화적 순환)

  • Shim, Kwang-hyun
    • Trans-
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    • v.12
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    • pp.81-106
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    • 2022
  • The possibility of metaverse system to be a catalyst for hyper-connected society will be dependent on the speed of connected technological development and its social utilization in the same manner as AI technology. Putting these technical realization processes in brackets, this paper focus on some philosophical-political issues in connection with cognitive-ecological changes in the future cinema which will be influenced by the complexive techno-socio couples of accelerated development of metaverse system. Generally speaking, essence of metaverse system seems to be the degree of immersion by technical accuracy, but is not true. In perspective of cognitive-ecology, flow degree of a picture or photograph is relied not on 'accuracy of representation' but on its message's contextual link-up. In this aspect, real potentiality of metaverse system shall be understood in the context of cognitive-ecological changes of human brain's multi-intelligence networking abilities(intersection of augmentation-simulation and outside-inside) which will be activated in the new structure of natural-social-technological coupling of metaverse system. These cognitive-ecological potentialities have been partially actualized in the cinematic process of tripod mimesis for the longest time, [real contradiction/conflicts (Mimesis-1) -->fictional solutions of cinema (Mimesis-2) --> selective interpretation of spectator's wish fulfillment (Mimesis-3) --> real change (Mimesis-1')]. Therefore metaverse's real potentiality must be considered to be dependent on the possibility of deepening and extending of cinematic circulation between real seperation/problems and ideal connection/solutions. In this context, advanced metaverse system can be compared as a modern technical version of ideal circulation of physics and metaphysics

Personalized Session-based Recommendation for Set-Top Box Audience Targeting (셋톱박스 오디언스 타겟팅을 위한 세션 기반 개인화 추천 시스템 개발)

  • Jisoo Cha;Koosup Jeong;Wooyoung Kim;Jaewon Yang;Sangduk Baek;Wonjun Lee;Seoho Jang;Taejoon Park;Chanwoo Jeong;Wooju Kim
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.323-338
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    • 2023
  • TV advertising with deep analysis of watching pattern of audiences is important to set-top box audience targeting. Applying session-based recommendation model(SBR) to internet commercial, or recommendation based on searching history of user showed its effectiveness in previous studies, but applying SBR to the TV advertising was difficult in South Korea due to data unavailabilities. Also, traditional SBR has limitations for dealing with user preferences, especially in data with user identification information. To tackle with these problems, we first obtain set-top box data from three major broadcasting companies in South Korea(SKB, KT, LGU+) through collaboration with Korea Broadcast Advertising Corporation(KOBACO), and this data contains of watching sequence of 4,847 anonymized users for 6 month respectively. Second, we develop personalized session-based recommendation model to deal with hierarchical data of user-session-item. Experiments conducted on set-top box audience dataset and two other public dataset for validation. In result, our proposed model outperformed baseline model in some criteria.

Effect of the initial imperfection on the response of the stainless steel shell structures

  • Ali Ihsan Celik;Ozer Zeybek;Yasin Onuralp Ozkilic
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • v.50 no.6
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    • pp.705-720
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    • 2024
  • Analyzing the collapse behavior of thin-walled steel structures holds significant importance in ensuring their safety and longevity. Geometric imperfections present on the surface of metal materials can diminish both the durability and mechanical integrity of steel shells. These imperfections, encompassing local geometric irregularities and deformations such as holes, cavities, notches, and cracks localized in specific regions of the shell surface, play a pivotal role in the assessment. They can induce stress concentration within the structure, thereby influencing its susceptibility to buckling. The intricate relationship between the buckling behavior of these structures and such imperfections is multifaceted, contingent upon a variety of factors. The buckling analysis of thin-walled steel shell structures, similar to other steel structures, commonly involves the determination of crucial material properties, including elastic modulus, shear modulus, tensile strength, and fracture toughness. An established method involves the emulation of distributed geometric imperfections, utilizing real test specimen data as a basis. This approach allows for the accurate representation and assessment of the diversity and distribution of imperfections encountered in real-world scenarios. Utilizing defect data obtained from actual test samples enhances the model's realism and applicability. The sizes and configurations of these defects are employed as inputs in the modeling process, aiding in the prediction of structural behavior. It's worth noting that there is a dearth of experimental studies addressing the influence of geometric defects on the buckling behavior of cylindrical steel shells. In this particular study, samples featuring geometric imperfections were subjected to experimental buckling tests. These same samples were also modeled using Finite Element Analysis (FEM), with results corroborating the experimental findings. Furthermore, the initial geometrical imperfections were measured using digital image correlation (DIC) techniques. In this way, the response of the test specimens can be estimated accurately by applying the initial imperfections to FE models. After validation of the test results with FEA, a numerical parametric study was conducted to develop more generalized design recommendations for the stainless-steel shell structures with the initial geometric imperfection. While the load-carrying capacity of samples with perfect surfaces was up to 140 kN, the load-carrying capacity of samples with 4 mm defects was around 130 kN. Likewise, while the load carrying capacity of samples with 10 mm defects was around 125 kN, the load carrying capacity of samples with 14 mm defects was measured around 120 kN.

Specifying the Characteristics of Tangible User Interface: centered on the Science Museum Installation (실물형 인터렉션 디자인 특성 분석: 과학관 체험 전시물을 대상으로)

  • Cho, Myung Eun;Oh, Myung Won;Kim, Mi Jeong
    • Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.553-564
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    • 2012
  • Tangible user interfaces have been developed in the area of Human-Computer Interaction for the last decades, however, the applied domains recently have been extended into the product design and interactive art. Tangible User Interfaces are the combination of digital information and physical objects or environments, thus they provide tangible and intuitive interaction as input and output devices, often combined with Augmented Reality. The research developed a design guideline for tangible user interfaces based on key properties of tangible user interfaces defined previously in five representative research: Tangible Interaction, Intuitiveness and Convenience, Expressive Representation, Context-aware and Spatial Interaction, and Social Interaction. Using the guideline emphasizing user interaction, this research evaluated installation in a science museum in terms of the applied characteristics of tangible user interfaces. The selected 15 installations which were evaluated are to educate visitors for science by emphasizing manipulation and experience of interfaces in those installations. According to the input devices, they are categorized into four Types. TUI properties in Type 3 installation, which uses body motions for interaction, shows the highest score, where items for context-aware and spatial interaction were highly rated. The context-aware and spatial interaction have been recently emphasized as extended properties of tangible user interfaces. The major type of installation in the science museum is equipped with buttons and joysticks for physical manipulation, thus multimodal interfaces utilizing visual, aural, tactile senses etc need to be developed to provide more innovative interaction. Further, more installation need to be reconfigurable for embodied interaction between users and the interactive space. The proposed design guideline can specify the characteristics of tangible user interfaces, thus this research can be a basis for the development and application of installation involving more TUI properties in future.

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