• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.147-156
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the moderating effect of negative emotionality on the association between mother-child intimacy and peer acceptance based on differential susceptibility model. According to differential susceptibility model, negative emotionality and difficult temperament is potential differential susceptibility factors. The participants were 3-year-old children recruited from preschools and daycare centers. Teachers completed measurement of negative emotionality. Peer acceptance was measured by peer nomination. Mother-child intimacy was reported by mothers. The results presented that negative emotionality significantly moderated the relation between mother-child intimacy and peer acceptance only for boys. For boys with high level of negative emotionality, mother-child intimacy significantly predicted peer acception. However, for boys with low level of negative emotionality, mother-child intimacy did not associate with peer acception. For girls, negative emotionality did not significantly influence the association between mother-child intimacy and peer acceptance. These findings support differential susceptibility hypothesis that vulnerable children are susceptible to positive parenting effects.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.241-255
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this research was to examine the moderating effect of children's negative emotionality on the relationship between maternal attitude toward children's emotional expression based on the differential susceptibility model. Methods: Participants were 216 preschool children including 116 boys and 100 girls from day care centers and preschools located in Chungchung province and Seoul. EAS was used to measure the children's negative emotionality. The children's empathy quotient was used to measure empathy. Mothers reported their attitude toward children's emotional expression. Results: The results revealed that the association between empathy and maternal suppression of children's emotional expression was significant only for the children with high levels of negative emotionality. Moreover, the magnitude of association between empathy and maternal acceptance of children's emotional expression was greater for high levels of negative emotionality. Conclusion/Implications: It was concluded that these findings supported the differential susceptibility model.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.405-412
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• 2015

This study investigated the moderating effect of negative emotionality on the association between teacher-child intimacy and peer interaction based on a differential susceptibility model. The participants were 252 three-year-old children recruited from a day care center and preschool located in Incheon and Gyeonggi province. The teacher-child relationship was measured on a Student-Teacher Relationship Scale. This measure is a type of teacher's report with ratings based on a teacher's daily observations. This scale is composed of closeness items on the degree of warmth and open communication in teacher-child relationships. Peer interactions were measured with a Penn Interactive Peer Play Scale. This measure is composed of play interaction items, play disruption items and play disconnection. Negative emotionality was measured with Child Behavior Questionnaire. Teachers measured teacher-child intimacy and peer interaction scales. Parents reported children's negative emotionality. The research showed that negative emotionality moderated the association of teacher-child intimacy, play interaction, play isolation and play disruption. The magnitude of association between teacher-child intimacy and play disconnection as well as play interaction was greater for high levels of negative emotionality. Teacher-child intimacy was significantly associated with play disruption only for high levels of negative emotionality. The findings of this study support a differential susceptibility model.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제64권1호
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• pp.3-11
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• 2021

There is a growing body of literature on the adverse health effects of ambient air pollution. Children are more adversely affected by air pollution due to their biological susceptibility and exposure patterns. This review summarized the accumulated epidemiologic evidence with emphasis on studies conducted in Korea and heterogeneity in the literature. Based on systematic reviews and meta-analyses, there is consistent evidence on the association between exposure to ambient air pollution and children's health, especially respiratory health and adverse birth outcomes, and growing evidence on neurodevelopmental outcomes. Despite these existing studies, the mechanism of the adverse health effects of air pollution and the critical window of susceptibility remain unclear. There is also a need to identify causes of heterogeneity between studies in terms of measurement of exposure/outcome, study design, and the differential characteristics of air pollutants and population.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.327-339
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• 2019

점박이응애와 포식성 천적인 칠레이리응애의 주엽, 차나무, 계피, 란타나 등의 추출물과 이들의 혼합액들에 대한 감수성의 차이를 검정하였다. 실험 식물추출물들은 모두 점박이응애보다 칠레이리응애에 대해 저독성을 나타냈으며, 칠레이리응애 암컷 성충의 산란수와 산란된 난들의 부화에 큰 영향이 없었다. 실험 식물추출물들의 처리에서 칠레이리응애 난들은 84~100%의 높은 부화율을 보였다. 반면에 점박이응애에 대한 혼합액 3, 1 등의 처리는 7일 후에 각각 76.0%와 72.7%의 살성충 효과를 나타내었으며, 혼합액 2의 처리에서는 63.3%의 살성충 효과를 보였으나 단독 처리에서는 혼합 처리보다 낮은 살성충 효과를 보였다. 혼합액 3, 1 등의 처리에서 점박이응애 암컷 성충의 산란수는 무처리 대비 29.5~31.3%에 그쳤다. 실험 식물추출물들은 점박이응애 난에 대한 주목할 만한 살란 효과가 없었다. 이와 같은 실험결과들로 보아 혼합액 3, 1 등은 점박이응애의 방제제로 사용 가능성이 있으며, 점박이응애의 종합관리체계에서 칠레이리응애와 함께 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.194-199
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• 1996

우리 나라 논에서 발생(發生)되는 논피와 돌피 그리고 식용피에 대하여 종자(種子) 크기와 초기(初期) 생육차이(生育差異)를 비교(比較)하고, 이들에 대한 피 방제용(防除用) 제초제(除草劑) molinate, esprocarb 및 mefenacet의 효과(效果)를 처리(處理) 엽기별(葉期別)로 검토(檢討)하였다. 논피 종자(種子)의 천립중(千粒重)은 돌피의 약 3배 정도 무거웠으나 식용피의 천립중(千粒重)과는 유의차(有意差)가 없었다. 파종후(播種後) 2.5엽기(葉期)에 도달하는데 식용피는 11일(日), 논피는 13일(日), 그리고 돌피는 14일(日)이 소요(所要)되었다. Molinate, esprocarb 및 mefenacet의 처리(處理)에 대하여 돌피는 논피에 비하여 보다 감수성(感受性)을 나타내었는데, 처리(處理) 엽기(葉期)의 진전(進展)과 함께 감수성(感受性)이 감소(減少)되었다. 한편 이들 제초제(除草劑)들에 대한 식용피의 반응(反應)은 1.5엽기(葉期)와 3.0엽기(葉期)사이의 처리(處理)에서 큰 차이(差異)가 없었다. Thiocarbamate계(系)의 esprocarb은 동계(同系)의 molinate에 비하여 피속(屬)에 대한 보다 강한 활성(活性)을 보였으며, 두 약제(藥劑) 모두 유효성분(有效成分) 함량(含量)이 높은 7G 제형(劑型)이 5G 제형(劑型)에 비하여 높은 활성(活性)을 보였다. 피 속간(屬間) 제초제(除草劑)에 대한 감수성(感受性) 차이(差異)는 종자(種子)크기에 따른 차이(差異)와는 關聯이 없지만, 종자(種子)크기는 초기(初期) 생육(生育) 단계(段階)에 영향(影響)을 미치며 이 초기(初期) 생육(生育) 단계(段階)즉 처리(處理) 당시(當時)의 엽기(葉期)에 따라 감수성(感受性) 차이(差異)를 나타낸다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.137-159
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• 2007

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the risk factors and the genetic polymorphism of TNF-alpha associated with rheumatoid arthritis by Sasang constitution Methods : This study was planned to detect the susceptibility of the patients diagnosed by rheumatoid arthritis to Sasang Constitution and to examine the risk factor such as life style and environmental stress (smoking, environmental tobacco smoke, alcohol intake and so on). The genetic polymorphism of TNF-alpha (G308A) were analyzed by PCR-RFLP in rheumatoid arthritis patients and controls. Rheumatoid arthritis patients and matched controls are assessed with QSCCII question for Sasang Typology. Then the genetic polymorphism of patients by Sasang constitution are compared to those of control, which are statistically analyzed and adjusted by age, sex, smoking status, alcohol intake, BMI, and econocmic status. Results: Differential effect of passive smoking on the association between Sasang constitution and rheumatoid arthritis risk was found. This study showed that the genetic polymorphism (TNF-${\alpha}$(G308A)) of rheumatoid arthritis patients and controls associated with the susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis by sasang constitution was analyzed. Differential effects of TNF-${\alpha}$(G308) genetic polymorphism on the association between rheumatoid arthritis risk and Sasang constitution were found. Conclusion : It is suggested that the genetic polymorphism correlated with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis by specific sasang constitution used as its susceptibility marker and further as basic data to prevent the risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis. But larger studies will be needed to confirm these preliminary findings.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.338-343
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• 1990

Echinochloa colona (L.) Link 생태형(生態型) 12종(種)의 제초제(除草劑)에 대한 종내(種內) 내성차이(耐性差異)를 생육(生育) 단계별(段階別) 검토(檢討)하였다. 발아(發芽) 및 발아후(發芽後) 생육(生育) 단계(段階)에서 Batangas 생태형(生態型)은 butachlor와 thiobencarb에 가장 큰 감수성(感受性)을 나타낸 반면, Bukidnon 생태형(生態型)은 가장 큰 내성(耐性)을 보였다. 그러난 생태형(生態型)들의 감수성 차이(差異)는 생태형(生態型)의 종자(種子) 무게 및 숙기(熟期)와는 상관성(相關性)이 없었다. 생태형(生態型)의 2엽기(葉基)에 제초제(除草劑)가 처리(處理)되었을 때, Nueva Ecija 생태형(生態型)은 butachlor 1 ppm에 가장 큰 내성(耐性)을 보였으냐, thiobencarb 1 ppm에 대하여서는 가 큰 감수성(感受性)을 나타내었다. 그러나 Cagayan 생태형(生態型)은 정반대(正反對)의 경향(傾向)을 보였다. 파종후(播種後) 20일(日)된 유묘(幼苗)의 제3엽(第3葉)에 처리된 propanil에 의한 necrosis 정도(程度)로 조사(調査)한 생태형(生態型)들의 감수성(感受性) 차이(差異)는 Camarines Sur, Iloilo 및 IRRI (red) 생태형(生態型)에서 현저(顯著)하였지만, Cagayan 및 Batangas 생태형(生態型)에서는 necrosis가 전혀 나타나지 않았다. 이러한 반응차이(反應差異)는 처리(處理)되는 제초제(除草劑)의 종류(種類)와 처리농도(處理濃度) 및 생태형(生態型)들의 생육단계(生育段階)에 따라 달랐다.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.91-98
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• 2012

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) genetic polymorphism and job stress on the severity of alcohol drinking. It was hypothesized that individuals with the Met/Met BDNF genotype would be more vulnerable than those carrying the Val allele. Methods : Participants were 133 healthy Korean adults (mean age $28.2{\pm}1.1$). Job stress and the severity index of drinking were investigated through self-reported questionnaires. BDNF (rs6265) gene was genotyped. Results : There was no significant association between job stress and the severity of alcohol drinking. Although the severity of alcohol drinking was not associated with BDNF genetic polymorphism, there was a significant difference in men according to genotype and job stress. Men with homozygous BDNF Met allele were more severe in alcohol drinking when job stress was high, less severe in alcohol drinking when job stress was low than those carrying the Val allele (F = 4.47, p = 0.038). Also higher level of job stress was correlated with higher severity of alcohol drinking in men homozygous for BDNF Met allele (rs = 0.620, p = 0.005). Conclusions : These findings suggest the possibility that Met allele could have differential susceptibility, with men homozygous for BDNF Met allele being more susceptible to both more adverse and less adverse environmental influences.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 2007년도 Proceedings of The Convention of The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• pp.147-153
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• 2007

Central to developing new treatment strategies for late onset sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD) and early onset familial PD is resolving the enigma of the specific vulnerability exhibited by substantia nigra dopamine (DA) neurons despite multiple risk factors. Neuropathological evidence from both human and experimental models of PD firmly supports a significant role for oxidative stress (OS) and mitochondrial dysfunction in the death of nigral DA neurons. Largely unknown are the genes underlying selective susceptibility of nigral DA neuron to OS and mitochondrial dysfunction and how they effect nigral DA cell death. To overcome the paucity of nigral DA neurons as well as the dilution effect of non-DA cells in brain tissues, we have developed wild type DA cell line model, SN4741 and mutant DJ-1 (-/-) DA cells, appropriate for microarray analysis and differential mitochondrial proteomics. Mutations in the DJ-1 gene (PARK7), localized in cytoplasm and mitochondria, cause autosomal recessive early onset PD. Through microarray analysis using SN4741 cells followed by validation tests, we have identified a novel phylogenically conserved neuroprotective gene, Oxi-a, which is specifically expressed in DA neurons. The knockdown of the gene dramatically increased vulnerability to as. Importantly as down-regulated the expression level of the gene and recovery of its expression via transient transfection exerted significant neuroprotection against as insult. We also have identified altered expression of mitochondrial proteins and other familial PD genes in DJ-1 (-/-) mutant cells by differential mitochondrial proteomics. In DJ-1 (-/-) cells the knockdown of the other familial PD genes (Parkin and PINK1) dramatically increased susceptibility to as. Thus, further functional characterization of the Oxi-$\alpha$ gene family and the mitochondrial alteration in the DJ-1 (-/-) cell model will provide the rationale for the neuroprotective therapy against both sporadic and familial PD.