• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.06d
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• pp.359-362
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• 2002

In this paper, we propose a new feature-based text watermarking for the binary text image. The structure of specific characters from preprocessed text image are modified to embed watermark. Watermark message are embedded and detected by the following method; Hole line disconnect using the connectivity of the character containing a hole, Center line shift using the hole area and Differential encoding using difference of flippable score points. Experimental results show that the proposed method is robust to rotation and scaling distortion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.201-207
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• 2019

This study has evaluated whether the method of using the combination of different risk group, according to K-TIRADS classification and K-TIRADS classification in thyroid ultrasonography is useful in a differential diagnosis of benign and malignant nodules. The subject was patients underwent thyroid ultrasonography and retrospective analysis were performed based on the results of fine needle aspiration cytology. A chi-square test was performed for the difference analysis of the score system in K-TIRADS and different risk group according to the benign and malignant of thyroid nodule. The optimized cut off value was determined by the K-TIRADS score and different risk group to predict malignant nodule through ROC curve analysis. In the differential verification result of K-TIRADS and different risk group, according to the classification of benign and malignant nodule group each showed significant difference statistically(p=.001). In the point classification according to K-TIRADS for the prediction of benign and malignant in ROC curve analysis showed AUC 0.786, Cut-off value>2(p=.001), and in the different risk group, it was decided as AUC 0.640, Cut-off value>2(p=.001). When discovering the nodule in thyroid ultrasound, it is considered that the K-TIRADAS which helps in identifying benign and malignant thyroid nodules, it is considered to be helpful in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules, than the classification system according to Different risk group, and when applying the classification system according to K-TIRADS, it is considered that it can reduce unnecessary fine needle aspiration cytology and could be helpful in finding the malignant nodules early.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.431-443
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• 2017

This study was conducted to improve correct judgement of HACCP evaluation items in poultry farm. The importance levels and score of each HACCP evaluation item was derived through the non-compliance rate and severity levels of hazard. The total score of HACCP evaluation items of the pre-requisite management section was 200 points and the HACCP management section was developed to have a total of 100 points. Implementation of the result of this study to poultry farm may help to produce safer and hygienic chicken and egg production. For a more objective assessment, detailed criteria should be developed according to the score of each HACCP evaluation item.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.174-183
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• 2000

This study was performed to investigate the characteristics of soft tissue profile of the class III malocclusion and to test the yardstick far differential diagnosis between surgical and orthodontic patients. Initial lateral cephalograms of orthodontic group(30 patients) that have acceptable occlusion and profile by orthodontic treatment alone and surgical group(30 patients) that have favorable occlusion and profile by combined surgical-orthodontic treatment were selected in Ajou university hospital. Powell and Burstone II analysis were made on the tracing. Descriptive, comparative, factor, cluster, and discriminant analysis were carried out with computer program. The results were as followings : 1. Patients who received surgery had a more concave profile and a longer lower facial height than patients who received orthodontic treatment alone. 2. Nasolabial angle, ratio of vertical height, and mentolabial sulcus were significantly different at the 5% level. And facial protuberance, upper lip protuberance, mentocervical angle, nasofrontal angle, nasomental angle, mandibular vertical height, angle between cervix and lower face, ratio of mandibular vertical height divided by cervical depth, ratio of vertical height between upper and lower lip, and maxillary protuberance were significantly different at the 1% level. 3. 8 factors were extracted and factor 2, 3, and 8 showed significant differences by factor analysis. 4. Orthodontic group (25) and surgical group (35) were classified by cluster analysis. 5. Discriminant function was D = 0.079Nasomental angle + 0.081Sn-Gn + 3.343Sn-Gn/C-Gn + 1.734Sn-St/St-Me' -26.460, and cutting score was 0, so we can discriminate that orthodontic group has the score above 0, and surgery group below 0. And 91.7% of original grouped cases were correctly classified.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.119-132
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• 2016

Objectives : The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of natural carbonated hot spring water (NCHW) on DNCB-induced NC/Nga mice, an atopic dermatitis (AD) model. Methods :At first, NC/Nga mice were prepared and induced to have atopic lesion on their back skin by dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). They swam for 20 minutes everyday in tanks where the one is filled with $28^{\circ}C$ NCHW, the other is with $25^{\circ}C$ carbonated hot spring water and another is with artificial carbonated hot spring water (ACHW). After 3 weeks, We assessed the skin clinical score and macroscopic appearance, total IgE, IgG1 levels, WBC differential counting, IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-4, IL-13, TNF-${\alpha}$ production levels and histological changes. Results : There are meaningful results of improving atopic lesion-state by relieving the count of total IgE, IgG1 levels, WBC differential counting, IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-4, IL-13, TNF-${\alpha}$ production levels and recovering skin clinical score in the group with $28^{\circ}C$ NCHW in comparison with the other groups. Conclusions : The NCHW may have potential as an effective treatment for atopic dermatitis.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.141-153
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• 2002

Water activity of sausage added Umbelliferaeceae wild plants powder was decreased as storage time was prolonged and all samples were lower than those of the control. During the storage period, pH values of all samples were decreased. Cooking loss and storage loss was decreased as storage time was prolonged and showed differential from added sample. L, a, b values had a tendency to decrease, during the storage period. As the percentage of the wild plants powder in sausage, L, a values were decreased and b value was increased. Total plate counts of bacteria were increased as storage time was prolonged and wild plants powder added sausages were lower than control. Coriander 3.0% added sausage was the lowest total plate counts of bacteria, 1.3$\times$10$^{6}$ at four week'storage. As the percentage of wild plants powder in sausage was increased, total plate counts of bacteria decreased. Springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness, gumminess and hardness value of all sample were increased or decreased as storage time was longer. But they did not showed greatest various with storage time as well as additives. The sensory score of wild plants powder 0.5% added sausage were the highest, but wild plants powder 3.0% added sausage were the lowest. All the sensory score of coriander added sausage were high. The sensory score of all sample were decreased as storage time was prolonged. In wild plants powder 3.0% added sausage, the relationship between color, flavor, chewiness, wetness, taste and overall of sensory evaluation and all item of the textural characteristic showed huh correlation score. When storaging sausage for two weeks, the correlation of relationship between hardness of sensory evaluation and chewiness of textural characteristic was high.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.361-367
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• 2016

Objective: This clinical study reports on the effect of traditional Korean medicine on a patient with generalized anxiety disorder.Method: A patient who suffered from generalized anxiety disorder was treated with herbal medicine (Guibiondamtang-gami), acupuncture, moxibustion, and pharmacopuncture. We assessed the changes of anxiety-related symptoms with the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) score, the Beck anxiety inventory (BAI) score, a heart rate variability (HRV) test, and a second derivative of photoplethymogram waveform (SDPTG) test.Results: After taking Guibiondamtang-gami for 22 days, the patient’s STAI score, BAI score, and LF/HF (low-frequency/high-frequency heart rate variability) ratio decreased, while the differential pulse wave index and stress power in the SDPTG test increased.Conclusion: This clinical case study has demonstrated that traditional Korean medicine may be an effective option for treating generalized anxiety disorder.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.185-194
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• 2007

This study was performed to evaluate the physicochemical, sensory evaluation of Backsulgi changed with germinated brown rice flour(GBRF) at different ratio. Moisture content decreased gently during storage and the decrease was less in GBRF-added groups than the control group. The color L value decreased significantly by with increasing the GBRF, wherease the redness(a) and yellowness(b) were both increased. As the result of measurement with texture analyzer, hardness, gumminess, chewiness, adhesiveness and fracturability of Backsulgi tended to decrease in proportion to the amount of GBRF in the formula. The thermal properties of Backsulgi were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). Onset temperature and peak temperature of gelatinizatino in thermal characteristics showed low in case of addition of GBRF into Backsulgi. All samples changed with GBRF had low values in change of melting enthalphy. In the sensory evaluation, Backsulgi with GBRF were superior in flavor, cohesiveness, hardness, chewiness and moistureness than that of control. And Backsulgi with 20% GBRF showed the highest score in overall acceptability. Therefore we concluded that the addition of GBRF on Backsulgi improve the sensory characteristics as well as delay the retrogradation.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.12
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• pp.4685-4694
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• 2023

The ability to calculate the material density sensitivity coefficients of power with respect to the material density has broad application prospects for accelerating Monte Carlo-Thermal Hydraulics iterations. The second-order material density sensitivity coefficients for the general Monte Carlo score have been derived based on the differential operator sampling method in this paper, and the calculation of the sensitivity coefficients of cell power scores with respect to the material density has been realized in continuous-energy Monte Carlo code RMC. Based on the power-density sensitivity coefficients, the sensitivity coefficients of power scores to some other physical quantities, such as power-boron concentration coefficients and power-temperature coefficients considering only the thermal expansion, were subsequently calculated. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated in the power-density coefficients problems of the pressurized water reactor (PWR) moderator and the heat pipe reactor (HPR) reflectors. The calculations were carried out using RMC and the ENDF/B-VII.1 neutron nuclear data. It is shown that the calculated sensitivity coefficients can be used to predict the power scores accurately over a wide range of boron concentration of the PWR moderator and a wide range of temperature of HPR reflectors.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.35-42
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• 2011

Three hundred and fourteen low back pain patients completed the Korean version of the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (KODQ) and the Rasch analysis was then applied to identify the inappropriate items and to determine ODQ item difficulties according to a subject's characteristics. For women and youths, the 'sex life' item showed misfit statistics, whereas for older subjects it was the 'pain intensity' and 'standing' items. Also, in the acute low back group the 'pain intensity', 'standing' and 'sex life' items showed misfit statistics. For all subjects, the most difficult item was 'pain intensity', whereas the easiest item was 'walking'. But for the older and acute groups 'lifting' was the most difficult item and for those who have a visual analogue scale score of 3 or less 'sitting' was the most difficult item. These results show that differential item functioning is present in several items according to sex, age, acute and chronic pain, and VAS score. This study may be useful for adjusting the KODQ item difficulties for low back pain patients with different characteristics.