• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.175-184
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• 2016

Art Furniture is a terminology of creative and developed activity related Art in the field of furniture design. In a broad sense, the extent of Art furniture reaches from humanities to technology because Art includes them. Due to Postmodernism, designers who were involving Art furniture started to fuse various studies including high technology to achieve their own goals. To illustrate with the characteristic of high technology, I compare between low technology and high technology. Even though high technology are used both commercial furniture and Art furniture, the latter has been utilized high technology in a more creative and experimental way to develop experimental furniture design. In contrast, in order to earn economic profit, there is no unnecessary risk for commercial furniture. Considering information revolution which is deeply related with high technology, Art furniture designers could get information easily about other fields and make multiple connections of different kinds of people and markets. As a result, a combination between Art furniture and high technology has distinctive features. At first, high technology was applied to craft among Dutch furniture designers. After that, designers began to lay out the method of high technology and pushed the boundary of Art furniture thanks to experts and scientists. In addition, there was a designer who have conducted a series of research as a scientist adopting scientific methodology. In doing so, Joris Laarman could obtain a revolutionized work which could contribute society. In conclusion, combining Art furniture and high technology leads the definition of design from deciding physical shapes to directing and organizing processes.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.401-407
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• 2014

In this paper, the effect of cohesive laws on the finite element analysis of crack propagation using cohesive elements is investigated through three-point bending and double cantilever beam problems. The cohesive elements are implemented into ABAQUS/Standard user subroutines(UEL), and the shape of cohesive law is varied by changing parameters in polynomial functions of cohesive traction-separation relations. In particular, crack propagation behaviors are studied by comparing load-displacement curves of the analysis models which have different shapes of cohesive laws with the same values of fracture energy and cohesive strength. Furthermore, the influence of the element size on crack propagation is discussed in this study.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.41 no.9
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• pp.579-586
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• 2017

In this study, new materials and shapes for a residential humidifying element were investigated. These elements could replace the current Japanese folded-type rayon/PE elements. Samples were taken from three different materials - rayon/PET (50:50), kraft/PET (40:60), kraft/PET/carbon. Results showed that the humidification efficiencies of the new samples were lower than those of the Japanese product. The efficiencies were 59% for the Japanese product (rayon/PET), 62% for kraft/PET and 84% for kraft/PET/carbon. This could be due to lower rayon or kraft content in the present samples than that in the Japanese product. However, pressure drops in the present samples were significantly lower than that in the Japanese product, due to improved channel configuration. The humidification capacity at the same pumping power ($j_m/f^{1/3}$) was 60% to 82% higher for the kraft/PET/carbon sample compared with the Japanese product. Furthermore, the results are compared with theoretical predictions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.121-132
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• 2016

This study proposes an approach for simulating high spatial resolution satellite images acquired under arbitrary sun-sensor geometry using existing images and 3D (three-dimensional) data. First, satellite images, having significant differences in spectral regions compared with those in the simulated image were transformed to the same spectral regions as those in simulated image by using the UPDM (Universal Pattern Decomposition Method). Simultaneously, shadows cast by buildings or high features under the new sun position were modeled. Then, pixels that changed from shadow into non-shadow areas and vice versa were simulated on the basis of existing images. Finally, buildings that were viewed under the new sensor position were modeled on the basis of open library-based 3D reconstruction program. An experiment was conducted to simulate WV-3 (WorldView-3) images acquired under two different sun-sensor geometries based on a Pleiades 1A image, an additional WV-3 image, a Landsat image, and 3D building models. The results show that the shapes of the buildings were modeled effectively, although some problems were noted in the simulation of pixels changing from shadows cast by buildings into non-shadow. Additionally, the mean reflectance of the simulated image was quite similar to that of actual images in vegetation and water areas. However, significant gaps between the mean reflectance of simulated and actual images in soil and road areas were noted, which could be attributed to differences in the moisture content.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.49-60
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• 2017

In this study, change trends and specific times for change in body size were sought to be identified by using manual measurements for Korean adult women at 20 to 89 of age, along with examinations of change trends and specific times of change in body shape based on body index values. The examinations of means, deviations, and variation coefficients revealed that there was a tendency of most height related measures to decrease. In addition, combined with decrease in height, growth in weight led to increased BMI, thus resulting in increase in measures of circumference, thickness, and breadth in the torso area. The BMI trends showed that with increasing age, BMI increased, reaching the peak between the ages of 55 and 59 and then decreasing from 64 of age, with the steepest increase in BMI at ages from 50 to 54. The examination of differences in the body flatness ratio for different parts of body found that with increasing age the ratio decreased, indicating a tendency for gradual change to round body shapes. The analysis of 3D body shape found that there were more back-bends and lowered shoulder levels with age, accompanied with a tendency for more bended legs and more inclined-forward necks. The key trends in changes in body measurements by age and detailed estimates of 3D standard body shape drawn out from this study are expected to significantly contribute to establishing a basic database for generating patterns reflecting age features of Korean adult females.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.97-113
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• 2016

This study develops pant patterns using body shape, measurement and shell mesh data to decide optimal women's pants according to styles with excellent size, fit and shape for different individuals and silhouettes. Standard landmarks, lines, triangles and structures were set on a 3D scanned lower body shell to represent women in their twenties and flattened as a 2D pattern. Patterns were created and analyzed according to culotte, formal, slacks and tight type considering crotch shape, location of the crotch point, and adjusting waist darts. Flattened patterns were rotated to compare existing methods. The crease lines were then set through the hip protrusion point and compared. The main factor of the pant pattern were extracted, total rise, crotch depth, crotch width, angle of center line, shape of the center line curve, the thigh width, the amount of waist dart, and crease line position. With going tight style from the culotte, the fits are closer to the figure with minimized thigh circumference, the dart amount decreases, the crotch depth increases, the crotch extensions were shorter, and the angle of the center back increased. The total rise is U shape for culotte and is closer to V shape as the silhouette tightens. T-test of appearance evaluation of the developed pant pattern were conducted after analyzing measurements and shapes of each styles. The results of the developed patterns were superior to existing patterns in accordance to hip line between body and pants as well as appearance evaluation. We found systematic mechanisms among pattern factors that create various pant silhouettes. Evidence on classification of the silhouettes of traditional types of pants were explained objectively through the process of playing out 3D forms.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 2009

A general combustion characteristics of forcing nonpremixed jet in laminar flow rates have been conducted experimentally to investigate the effect of forcing amplitude with the resonant frequency of fuel tube. There are two patterns of the flame lift-off feature according to the velocity increasing; one has the decreasing values of forcing amplitude on the lift-off occurrence when a fuel exit velocity is increasing, while the other has the increasing values. These mean that there are the different mechanisms in the lift-off stability of forced jet diffusion flame. Especially, the characteristics of attached jet flame regime are concentrically observed with flame lengths, shapes, flow response and velocity profiles at the nozzle exit as the central figure. The notable observations are that the flame enlogation, in-homing flame and the occurrence of a vortical motion turnabout have happened according to the increase of forcing amplitude. It is understood by the velocity measurements and visualization methods that these phenomena have been relevance to an entrainment of surrounding oxygen into the fuel nozzle as the negative part of the fluctuating velocity has begun at the inner part of the fuel nozzle.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.549-556
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• 2002

The natural frequency of a system is commonly used in evaluating the serviceability condition of a floor. However. the current equations recommended in many building codes do not consider the various material types of a slab system; thus. different results are observed. Likewise. the transformation of a slab section required to predict the natural frequency of a composite deck plate is complicated. due to the varying shapes of the deck plates. Therefore. a new and simplified method of transforming a composite slab into an equivalent concrete slab is proposed. he modified vibration prediction equation was proposed based on the current vibration prediction equation recommended by LRFD. Compared to other equations. it is the closest to those obtained from experiments. The modified equation provides about 14.3% more accurate results than that recommended by LRFD. Likewise. the applicability of the proposed equation to other types of composite deck plate floor system was validated.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.741-752
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• 2008

The purposes of this study are to review the status of dress material in the contemporary fashion design by examining the intertextuality of many materials other than textiles used in the contemporary fashion and to show that the development of new fashion materials is a factor for designing competitiveness. The results of this study are summarized as follows: First, foods and natural objects are used as fashion materials to reveal natural beauty, and at the same time new formative elements are expressed in combinations of life and fashion. Second, common paper and luxurious jewelry are presented as a formative element symbolic of an aspect of the contemporary society or embodied in elaborate handicraft techniques. Those materials boost the luxuriousness of costume and create a strong futuristic image according to how they are expressed. Third, plastics available for a variety of objects in different shapes and colors offer such formative features that could be shaped with textiles, as high-end technology is introduced to fashion. Fourth, metallic materials have added freedom to design formality due to their qualities of convergence and displacement and by the introduction of brand-new technology, suggesting a new future for the fashion industry. Fifth, using a variety of anti-fashion materials including semiconductor chips, mirrors, vinyl, wires, and rubber makes a change in the existing points of view regarding the formality of things and helps create a special aesthetic effect in a visual respect to develop a strong intertextuality of materials.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.60-75
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• 2016

This research was conducted to understand the different circumstances for wearing shirts by adult males aged 20-39, and to provide this basic information to the shirt industry prior to developing new functional men's shirts. A total of 345 respondents participated in the survey. Most of questionnaire, frequency, mean and standard deviation were calculated and the differences between the 20s and 30s were analyzed by t-test or ${\chi}^2$ test. The results of the survey are as follows. Grading the satisfaction degree of their body parts, the respondents were relatively unsatisfied with their height, weight, and waist, abdominal and hip circumferences. Majority preferred department stores, discount stores and outlets for purchasing shirts. Many have never owned tailored shirts - men in 20's had less experience with tailoring than men in 30's. The foremost selection criterion for purchasing shirts was fit -during purchase, men in their 20's considered fit more important than men in their 30's. The most preferred unbuttoning of the top button when wearing shirts. For favored collar shapes with one button unbuttoned, the most valued collar angle and style was V-neck shape when unbuttoned, low collar band, collar with unopened collar, and stiff collars. Most shirt designs and details included slim fit, no dart in the front and one dart on the back. Men in 20's more preferred the no dart in the front and one tuck on the back, as compared to men in 30's. On the other hand, men in their 30's preferred one dart shirts than men in 20's. Regarding shirt bands and cuffs, one button and regular collar and one button cuffs with round angle design, were the most preferred, respectively.