• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1998년도 Proceedings of UNESCO-internetwork Cooperative Regional Seminar and Workshop on Bioassay Guided Isolation of Bioactive Substances from Natural Products and Microbial Products
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• pp.144-144
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• 1998

The physiological responses caused by exposure of high- and low-level lead exhibit different phase. Low-level lead continuous hypertension, but high-level lead can in the development of hypertension. In this study it was tested which difference can be caused as lead levels and, if it can be caused, whether hematological changes are related with the hypertensive effects induced by different levels of lead exposure was tested. Lead intoxication in male SD rats was induced by exposure through drinking water containing 50, 200 and 1000 ppm lead (as lead acetate). The animals of control group was supplied drinking water containing sodium acetate ad libitum. The number of each animal group was 10. Systolic blood pressures were measured in the unanesthetized state by the tail-cuff technique at 0, 3, 7 and 16 weeks. RBC, WBC, MCV, hemoglobin, hematocrit and whole blood viscosity levels were examined.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2005년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.6
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• pp.23-25
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• 2005

Infrared bolometer sensor's variation is detected by voltage drop between reference resistor and bolometer resistor in this architecture. One of the serious problems in this architecture is that these resistors value has a process variation. So common-mode level could be different from expectation in room temperature. Different common-mode level could lead to wrong output at the end of readout circuit. We suggest useful method to solve this problem. Difference correction using capacitor has reduced CM level difference to 86% for 1 $M\Omega$. bolometer and reference resistor's 10% variation.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.355-358
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• 2005

This study aims at comparing the noise characteristics of conventional and functional hood. Measurement and analysis was carried out in anechoic room and actual environment. In case of anechoic room, intensity and sound pressure level were measured. In case of actual environment sound pressure level under different apartment size and distances. Sound pressure level of actual environment was higher than that of anechoic room. It is concluded that noise characteristics were different from each other in case of anechoic room and actual environment.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제22권1_2호
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• pp.563-568
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• 2006

We introduce how to construct a non-unimodal level O-sequence which has all different local maxima as many as we desire.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.593-599
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• 2010

6-7월, 8-9월, 10-11월, 12-4월(2007년) 및 5월(2008년)에 수확한 신선배추, 절임공정 및 김치 제조과정을 거친 배추를 겉잎과 속잎 부위로 나누어 anion-exchange column을 통과시키고 아세톤 침전법을 사용하여 제조한crude myrosinase로 반응시켜 total glucosinolates 함량을 분석하였다. 신선배추의 경우 6-7월 신선배추의 total glucosinolates 함량이 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었으며, 모든 수확기간에서 속잎보다 겉잎이 대체로 높은 것으로 나타났다. 가공처리 한 배추의 total glucosinolates 함량을 분석 한 결과, 절임배추의 경우 8-9월 절임배추에서 가장 높게 나타났으며, 5월 절임배추의 경우 다른 수확기간에 비해 낮은 함량인 것으로 분석되었다. 부위 별 절임배추의 total glucosinolates 함량은 6-7월 절임배추와 8-9월 절임배추의 경우 겉잎의 함량이 속잎의 함량 보다 높은 것으로 분석된 반면, 10-11월, 12-4월 및 5월 절임배추에서는 속잎의 함량이 높은 것으로 확인 되었다. 배추김치의 경우 6-7월, 8-9월 김치의 total glucosinolates 함량은 비교적 높은 함량을 나타내었으며, 5월 김치의 경우 다른 수확시기에 비해 낮은 함량인 것으로 측정되었다. 배추김치의 부위별 total glucosinolates함량은 5월 배추김치의 경우 속잎의 함량이 겉잎의 함량보다 높게 분석된 반면, 6-7월, 8-9월, 10-11월 배추김치의 경우 겉잎의 함량이 속잎의 함량보다 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 모든 수확기간에서 신선배추의 total glucosinolates 함량보다 가공 처리한 절임배추, 배추김치의 total glucosinolates 함량이 감소하는 경향을 볼 수 있었다. 이러한 분석 결과는 배추의 total glucosinolates 함량이 수확기간, 부위 및 가공처리에 따라 영향을 받는 것으로 사료되며, total glucosinolates 함량에 영향을 줄 수 있는 배추의 부위, 품종, 재배방법 및 재배환경(pH, 온도, 기후, 토양 등)은 고려 되어야 한다고 판단된다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.58-68
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• 2003

This study was conducted to explore the depression, anxiety, spouse support, and the difference of these variables according to the general characteristics and disease related characteristics in married women who had received gynecologic cancer treatment. The subjects consisted of 62 patients with cervical cancer, 18 patients with ovarian cancer, and 7 patients with endometrial cancer who were admitted to the department of obstetrics and gynecology, 3 education hospital in Seoul from January, 1996 to August, 1999. The data were collected from March 25 to July 25, 2000 by using a mailed questionnaire. The results were as follows : 1. The mean score of depression was 35.1 with the range from 20 to 76. The mean score of the anxiety was 38.6 with the range from 24 to 58. The mean score of the spouse support was 33.8 with the range from 12 to 48. 2. The score of depression was significantly different by the general characteristics: woman's education level(p=.040), economic level(p=.002), and the satisfactory level on married life(p=.009). The score of spouse support was significantly different by the general characteristics: woman's education level(p=.009), spouse's education level(p=.001), spouse's religion (p=.004), economic level(p=.008), and the satisfactory level on married life(p=.000). The scores of depression, anxiety, and spouse support were not significantly different by the disease related characteristics. 3. The score of depression had a positive correlation with anxiety(r=.731), and a negative correlation with spouse support(r=-.425). 4. The main influencing factors on the depression were economic level$(13.4\%)$ and satisfactory level on married life$(4.4\%)$. The main influencing factors on the spouse support were satisfactory level on married life$(23.6\%)$ and spouse's education level$(9.2\%)$. Based upon the above findings, the depression, anxiety, and spouse support of women who had received gynecologic cancer treatment were higher than healthy married women. The score of depression and anxiety had a negative correlation with spouse support. The factors influencing spouse support were satisfactory level on married life and spouse's education level. Therefore it is recommended that nursing intervention for women who had received gynecologic cancer treatment would be focused to improve spouse support for alleviating depression and anxiety level.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제13권1_2호
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• pp.405-411
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• 2003

We prove that 25 different Artinian O-Sequences of codimension 3 type 3 with length 7 among all possible 334 cases are not level.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.633-650
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to investigate the kinematics of young adults during ascent ramp climbing at different inclinations. Twenty-three subjects ascended a four step at four different inclinations(level, $8^{\circ},\;16^{\circ},\;24^{\circ}$). The 3-D kinematics was analysed by a camera-based falcon system. Groups difference was tested with one -way ANOVA and SNK test. The different kinematic patterns of ramp ascent were analysed and compared to level walking patterns. The kinematics of ramp walking could be clearly distinguished from the kinematics of level walking. In sagittal plane, Ankle joint was more dorsiflexed at initial contact and Max. dorsiflex. during stance phase with $16^{\circ},\;24^{\circ}$ inclination and more plantarflexed at toe off and Max. plantarflex. during swing phase with $24^{\circ}$(p<.001). Knee joint was more flexed at initial contact with $16^{\circ},\;24^{\circ}$ inclination(p<.001). Hip joint was more flexed at initial contact and Max. flex. during swing phase with $16^{\circ},\;24^{\circ}$ inclination and at toe off with $24^{\circ}$(p<.001) and was more extended at Max. ext. during stance phase with $24^{\circ}$(p<.05). In frontal plane, ankle joint was more everted at Max. eversion. during stance phase with $16^{\circ},\;24^{\circ}$ inclination(p<.001). Knee joint was more increased at Max. varus. during stance phase with $16^{\circ},\;24^{\circ}$ inclination(p<.001). Hip joint was not differentiated with different inclinations. In horizontal plane, all joints were not differentiated with different inclinations. Conclusionally, In ascent ramp walking, the different gait pattern generally occurred at over $16^{\circ}$ on the ascending ramp in sagittal and frontal plane. These results suggest that there is a certain inclination angle or angular range where subjects do switch between a level walking and a ascent ramp walking gait pattern. This shows their motor control strategy between level and ascent ramp walking. Further studies are necessary to confirm and detect the ascent ramp gait patterns.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.613-629
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• 2005

This research analyzes household financial structures and ratios to understand factors of household utility. Its main themes are as following: First, what kinds financial structures are found at each level of income? Second, how are they different by the level of income? Third, what factors contribute to appropriate financial ratios? The themes are supported by the texts on financial ratios from both inside and outside of Korea and proved by the Korean Labor and Income Panel Survey, the fifth annual edition. The households are exempted that do not support the household principle record in the principle and household economy record. Accordingly, this survey is from a financial structure analysis of 3,762 households. The analysis utilizes SPSS Window (Version 10.0) program. The following are the results: First, the income level 4 and above, in which the increasing number indicates a higher level of income, are highly ranked on the income-expense level and the asset-debt rate. Also, level 4 has a strong financial structure, whereas level 1 does not. Apparently, the management of the household is complicated by debt redemption and a lower level of assets. Second, Ratio 1, Ratio 2, Ratio 4, and Ratio 5 are different by the level of income. Third, the level of income contributes to the appropriate financial ratio. The financial safety and prospective financial structure at each income level is an important variable. Households with a high income, in particular, have to balance their finances and capital, reducing liabilities and increasing the total assets. In other words, the family must hold assets to enhance efficiency according to the character and income level of the household. This research is a useful resource for such a decision-making as to improve household financial structure stability. Also, it can be adopted to evaluate financial products for specific households and be used for economic and social welfare planning to predict how households influence the nationwide economy.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.31-48
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• 2002

This paper is aimed to analyze how to evaluate the choice of optimal management measures and level of control in fisheries management under the costly and imperfect management system by comparing with costless and perfect management system that is commonly assumed in the analysis of fisheries regulations. Fishermen would set the level of fishing efforts at the point where the marginal fishing profit for fishing effort is equal to the marginal level of fine under costly and imperfect management system. Therefore, under the case where the marginal fishing profit is higher than the marginal level of fine, the level of fishing efforts would be made at the point which is higher than the level of fishing efforts made under costless and perfect management system and is not a point where the economic profit is maximized in regulated fisheries. From this conclusion, the fishermens avoidance activities against regulations as well as the level of control in fisheries management substantially have an influence on the choice of fisheries management instruments. According to the analysis of optimal fisheries management policy, the economic profits in regulated fisheries are determined by the level of fisheries enforcement costs and total fishing profits, in which as enforcement costs increase the economic profits decrease. In addition, the economic profits vary in response to the level of control in avoidance activities. That is, as avoidance costs decrease, the economic profits increase. The determination of optimal level of control in fisheries management should be made at the point where the marginal regulation costs are equal to the marginal profits from regulated fisheries, in which marginal regulation costs are different according to the type of management measures. And the level of profits changes in response to different levels of avoidance activities. The management measure that can maximize the difference between the marginal regulation costs and marginal profits from regulated fisheries should be chosen as an optimal fisheries management instrument.