• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.177-177
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• 2017

Phalaenopsis orchid is one of the most important flowers in flower industry. We conducted an experiment to find out the response of different concentration of chlorocholine chloride (CCC) for the in vitro regeneration of protocorm like bodies (PLBs) of Phalaenopsis 'Fmk02010'. We used five different concentrations of CCC and these were 0 (control), 0.01, 0.1, 1 and $10mgL^{-1}$ in modified MS medium and cultured for 42 days. We added two major salts ammonium nitrate ($412.5mgL^{-1}$) and potassium nitrate ($950.0mgL^{-1}$) to the MS medium for the modification. Maximum numbers of PLBs were found from media with $0.01mgL^{-1}$ of CCC (15.667) and maximum fresh weight (0.211 g) as well. The 100% PLB formation rate was also found from $0.01mgL^{-1}$ of CCC. We found 58.83% variation in number of PLBs ($R^2=0.5883$) and 47.44% variation in fresh weight ($R^2=0.4744$) to the different CCC concentrations. Our study suggested that increase in the CCC concentration negatively affect the PLBs organogenesis of Phalaenopsis. We can suggest that the addition of very low concentration of CCC in plant culture medium can increase the number, formation rate and fresh weight of PLBs of Phalaenopsis.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.254-261
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to evaluate quality characteristics of pork myofibrillar protein (MP) added with cornstarch as affected by different pH values and salt cocnentrations. MP mixtures were prepared with three different pH values (pH 6.00, 6.25, and 6.50) and three different salt concentrations (0.15, 0.30, and 0.45 M). Cooking yield (CY), gel strength, viscosity, and scanning electron microscopy were measured to evaluate characteristics of MPs. CYs of MPs with cornstarch at above pH 6.25 or salt 0.30 M were increased compared to those at pH 6.00 or salt 0.15 M. However, gel strengths of MPs at salt 0.45 M were higher than those at salt 0.30 M. In microstructure analysis, MP gels with increasing pH value and salt concentration showed compact and uniform structure. Thus, MP gels with pH 6.25 and salt concentration of 0.30 M would be better for manufacturing meat products containing cornstarch to increase their water holding ability.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권7호
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• pp.59-72
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• 2020

This paper examines whether lending structure can lower credit risk by employing econometric techniques of panel data for the Vietnamese banking system at the bank level used by economic sectors from 2011 to 2016. New light is being shed on assessing the impact of each industry's debt outstanding on credit risk. Adopting findings from previous studies, we assess credit risk from two different sources, including loan loss provision and non-performing loan. Moreover, we also focus on observing lending structure in many different aspects, from concentrative levels to the short-term and long-term stability levels of lending structure. The Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator was applied to analyze the relationship between concentration and banking risks. In general, the results show that lending concentration may decrease credit risk. It is interesting to observe that the Vietnamese commercial bank lending portfolios have, on average, higher levels of diversity across different sectors. In particular, the increase in hotel and restaurant lending contributes to decrease credit risk while the lending portfolios of banks in agriculture, electricity, gas and water increase credit risk. This study suggests the need for further analysis and research about portfolio risks in lending activities for maintaining efficiency and stability in the commercial banking system.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2001

To determine optimal conditions for measurement of the clearance rate in feeding experiment of an intertidal bivalve Glauconome chinensis, effects of starvation, extent of mixing at subsampling, and initial prey concentration were assessed. Experiments were conducted separately for each condition with different treatments. Two-way ANOVAs showed that there were significant differences in clearance rates among different starvation periods (p<0.001), extents of mixing (p = 0.005), and prey concentrations (p < 0.001). Starvation for 1 or 2 days gave rise to 2 to 3-fold increase in the clearance rate. After starvation for 5 days, the clearance rate decreased seriously, implying loss of physiological status. It is suggested that animals should be fed during acclimation. The differences of the clearance rates between gentle and vigorous mixings were significant, but the differences were smaller than that among different incubation times. It was found that vigorous mixing is not necessary. The effect of initial prey concentration was great. However, optimal prey concentration could not be determined at any fixed value. Experiments with multiple concentrations of algal prey are recommended. Optimal incubation time for measurement of the clearance rate of G. chinensis was determined to be 2-4 hours.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.84-90
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• 2000

This study was conducted to determine the acid and phenol compounds in smoke total particulate matter(TPM) by the different tobacco variety, and grade of tobacco leaves. Sixteen kinds of tobacco leaves which were flue-curd, burley, orient, reconstituted tobacco, expanded stem, and expanded cut tobacco, were selected for this study. After collecting a TPM by using smoking machine, the concentration of TPM components was analyzed by GC. Acid components of TPM of mainstream smoke were different from the variety and grade. The order of the highest concentration of acid compounds in TPM was flue-cured > orient> burley> expanded cut tobacco> reconstituted tobacco> expanded stem. Though lactic acid and glycolic acid concentrations in flue-cured tobacco were twice higher than those in burley tobacco, the contents of 2-furoic acid and 3,4-dihydroxy butanoic acid in burley tobacco were higher than those in flue-cured tobacco. The content of phenolic compounds in the high grade and thick leaves was higher than that in other tobacco leaves. Phenol and catechol compounds in burley CD3W-2 revealed the least value in concentration among the samples tested. Pyrocatechol and hydroquinone concentrations in flue-cured tobacco were 2-3 times higher than those in burley and orient tobacco.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.297-304
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• 2007

The effect of yeast propagated at different aeration conditions on yeast physiology, fermentation ability, and beer quality was investigated using three strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It was shown that yeast cells grown under continuous aeration conditions during propagation were almost two times higher as compared with discontinuous aeration conditions. The maximum of cell growth of all samples reached between 36 hand 48 h. The concentration of trehalose was increased under continuous aerated yeasts, whereas glycogen was decreased. It was also observed that the concentration of glycogen and trehalose in yeast cells had no direct effect on subsequent fermentation ability. The effect of yeast propagated under different aeration conditions on subsequent fermentation ability was different from yeast strains, in which the influence will be most pronounced at the first fermentation. Later, the yeasts might regain its original characteristics in the following fermentations. Generally, continuously propagated yeast had a positive effect on beer quality in subsequent fermentation. Hence, the concentration of aroma compounds obtained with yeast propagated under 6 1/h for 48 h aeration was lower than those grown under other aeration conditions in the bottom yeasts; in particular, the amounts of phenylethyl alcohol, ester, and fatty acids were decreased.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2006년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.411-416
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• 2006

In this paper, we performed the experimental and numerical study on the thermal comfort(TC) and indoor air quality(IAQ) in the lecture room with a different airflow rate of the ventilation system and heating system for heating season. Through the experimental results, we found out that there was considerably difference of the PMV but there was little difference of $CO_2$ concentration with a different heating system. From a numerical results, the best operating condition was that discharge airflow rate of SAC is 29 CMM and supply airflow rate of the ventilation system is 1,200 CMH from a viewpoint of TC and IAQ.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.283-288
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• 2004

시호내에 존재하는 간장기능증진에 효과적인 기능성 물질의 소재를 탐색하기 위한 기초연구의 일차실험으로 $CCl_4$에 의해 간장을 손상시킨 흰쥐에게 MeOH 시호추출물을 수준을 달리 하여 급여한 후 간 손상 치유 및 기능회복에 미치는 영향을 처리군 간에 비교, 검토했다. 그 결과, 혈중 AFP및 Total protein량은 시호추출물처리에 의해 감소했다 그러나 혈중 Albumin의 농도는 일정한 경향을 보여주지 않았다. 혈중 AST와 ALT의 활성치는 시호처 리 군에서 하락하였다. 혈중 ALP와 LDH의 활성치는 시호첨가군에서 감소했다 그러나 ${\gamma}$-G7의 활성치는 처리군간에 일정한 경향을 나타내지 않았다. 혈중 Total cholesterol과 Triglyceride량은 전 처리 군에서 유의한 차이를 보여 주지 않았다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.224-236
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• 2018

This study analyzed differences between Jumchi-Hanji papers not dyed and dyed with persimmon juice (50% concentration) in five strength properties (tensile, wet tensile, tearing, bursting, and folding strengths). For the analysis, the undyed and the dyed Jumchi-Hanji papers were made by Jumchichigi during 40 minutes and made with the Dakji of different layer (a layer, two layers) and Choji method (Oebal-teugi, Ssangbal-teugi). Differences between Jumchi-Hanji papers dyed with the different concentration of persimmon juice (20% vs 70%) in the five strengths were also identified. For this examination, Jumchi-Hanji papers were made with two layer Dakji (Oebal-teugi Choji method) and by Jumchichigi during 60 minutes. Jumchi-Hanji papers made in this study were used as test samples. As a result, Jumchi-Hanji papers dyed with persimmon juice had higher tensile strength (CD), wet tensile strength (MD, CD), and bursting strength than those of undyed Jumchi-Hanji papers. However, tearing strengths (MD, CD) of dyed Jumchi-Hanji papers were lower than undyed Jumchi-Hanji papers. Folding strengths (CD) of dyed Jumchi-Hanji papers were low but the folding strengths (MD) of them were high compared to undyed Jumchi-Hanji papers. In addition, the concentration of persimmon juice influenced the five strength properties of Jumchi-Hanji. The tensile, wet tensile, and bursting strengths of Jumchi-Hanji papers dyed with a 70% concentration were higher than those one of Jumchi-Hanji papers dyed with a 30% concentration while the tearing and folding strengths of Jumchi-Hanji papers dyed with a 70% concentration were lower than Jumchi-Hanji papers dyed with a 30% concentration.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.264-269
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• 2006

본 실험은 배양액의 농도가 무화과의 생육과 수량에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 수행하였다. 1차 실험에서 배양액의 농도에 따른 무화과 생육은 1/2농도 처리구에서 초장, 엽수, 경경, 착과수가 양호했으며, 엽장과 엽폭은 1/2농도구를 제외한 다른 처리간에는 차이가 없었다. 배양액의 농도에 따른 과식의 평균과중은 토양재배의 38.4g보다 수경재배에서 50.9g으로 높게 나타났고, 과장, 과경, 당도는 처리간의 차이가 없었다. 수확량은 토양재배보다 수경재배에서 월등하게 많았으며, 배양액 1/2농도보다 2/2와 3/2농도에서 높게 나타났다. 무화과의 수경재배에서 저농도에서 양호한 생육을 나타내었으며, 수량은 높은 농도에서 양호하였다. 본 실험의 결과는 무화과의 수량 및 품질증대에 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다.