• 보건행정학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.125-141
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of provider practice patterns in the difference in health expenditure between the two types of patients: Health Insurance and Medical Aid type 1. The study used the outpatient claim data for all Medicaid and health insurance patients of hypertension who received medical services from 8,454 primary care physicians during the first half of 2006. The data were stratified by patient's gender and age for the two groups of patients who received care from the same physician. The dependent variables were the differences in medical expenditure per case, patient days per case and medical expenditure per patient day between Medicaid patients and health insurance patients. Empirical results showed that physician characteristics, such as physicians under age 50, greater proportion of pediatric Medicaid patients, lower proportion of new Medicaid patients and the greater number of comorbidity of Medicaid patients are associated with the greater difference between the two types of patients (i.e., greater expenditure of Medicaid patients relative to health insurance patients). This study shows that factors associated with provider practice patterns need to be taken into account in Medicaid policy.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.45-54
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was conducted to compare and estimate sleep patterns and health status of the shift and non-shift factory workers. Methods: The subjects of this study were 290 male workers in 13 companies, which manufacture automobile parts in Daegu, Korea. Survey data were collected from March 5th, 2007 to April 5th, 2007. PSQI was scored to check the quality of sleep, ESS for excessive daytime sleep disorder, ISI for insomnia, and SF-36 for health status. The data were analyzed by $X^2$ and t-test using SPSS 12.0 for windows. Results: There was a difference in quality of sleep patterns between shift and non-shift workers (p=.033). A difference in the pattern of excessive daytime sleep (P=.005) and in the degree of insomnia (p=.030) were observed between the two groups. However, there were no significant difference in health status between the two groups. Conclusion: Based on these results, shift workers are in need of careful and continuous monitoring regarding sleep disorders and we need to develop health promotion programs including sleep hygiene for shift workers.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to investigate the bodice patterns by analyzing sensory evaluations. Anthropomatric data was collected between April and October of 2000. Total 283 body measurements were collected for this study including both direct and indirect measurements(29 variables from the direct anthropometric data. 5 variables from the indirect anthropometric data). Data were analyzing using percentiles. standard deviation and Anova. The appearance and fit of three kinds of bodice patterns (N. L. H type) were evaluated by expert panel and the subjects. The results of the anthropometric measurements and sensory evaluations are as follows : A significant differences (p$\leq$.001) in the height, width and girth Items was found. The results of the bodice pattern evaluations by expert panel indicates that a significant difference (p${\le}$.05) in the responses to the placement of the waist dart, the fit of the bust area and the placement o( the back shoulder dart for 20's and 30's. The result of the evaluations by subjects indicates that a significant difference (p${\le}$.05) in the responses to the placement of the waist dart for 40's. A significant difference (p${\le}$.05) in the responses to the suitability of the shoulder area among the age groups.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.405-416
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• 2006

We, in this thesis, examined the similarities and differences of bat patterns in China and Korea, along with a consideration of how two peoples understood bats and how their understanding of bats developed and also influenced the bat patterns. As for research period, the Ming(明) dynasty and the Qing(淸) dynasty in China and the Chosun dynasty in Korea were considered. The subjects of this study included clothes, personal ornaments, and embroidery. This research was done by comparing and analyzing the similarities and differences of two countries' bat patterns. The results of comparing and analyzing Chinese and Korean bat patterns were as follows: In terms of similarity, people of two countries understood bat patterns as the symbol of happiness. Therefore, they were used in clothes, personal ornaments, and daily necessities. In terms of difference, bat patterns of two countries had different shapes. In China, colorful and realistic single bat patterns were shown as intensive composition, whereas in Korea plain and simple bat patterns were used. These differences resulted from different way of understanding of bat patterns. It can be concluded that the bat patterns can be a great cultural commodity with high commercial values, if the traditional pattern is used as a unique element of the Oriental designs and altered and developed to attract consumers' attention.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.399-409
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the preference of image for modern application of Korean traditional patterns. A survey was conducted using the random selection among female undergraduate students in Daegu city. The degree of interest and preference in Korean traditional style or something like that measured by 5 scale method. And then they were classified into two groups which were interest/non-interest group, and preference/non-preference group. The image of Korean traditional patterns consisted of semantic differential scales. Frequency, percentage and mean were analyzed, for difference of groups t-test was analyzed. The results were as fellows; 1. For the degree of interest for Korean traditional patterns, it was showed that 53.8% of total respondents took interest and about 40.4% of them had preference for traditional patterns. the correlation coefficient of the degree of interest and preference was 0.782(p<0.01) and showed that the positive correlation was high. 2. Among 20 kinds of Korean traditional patterns, the degree of preference for the patterns of plants and nature was quite high whereas that for the patterns of geometrical things was low relatively. 3. It was evaluated that pattern of nature was fresh, refined and womanly image generally. It was evaluated that pattern of plants was womanly, fresh, weak, light and soft image and that of animals was heavy, splendid, high-class, manly, strong and positive image. It was evaluated that pattern of geometrical things was the most refined image and high-class, rigid and strong. 4. The statistical significance of mean between interest/non-interest group was showed statistically in the patterns of clouds, mountains, lotus, apricot, orchid, dragon, phoenix and bogey. In case of pattern of orchids, the degree of preference was most different between interest/non-interest group. 5. The pattern of plants showed the most different evaluation for images between interest/non-interest group. For refined/old-fashioned polar adjective images, the interest group evaluated the pattern of plants more refined. 6. For pattern of orchids, the difference of degree of preference between preference/non-preference group was most remarkable in Korean traditional patterns. 7. The pattern of geometrical things showed the most different evaluation for images between preference/non-preference group. For warm/cool polar adjective images, the preference group evaluated the pattern of geometrical things cooler.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study were to analyze fatigue patterns of the rectus femoris muscle by isometric contraction. Methods: Twenty healthy subjects(10 male, 10 female) participated in this study. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction(MVIC) was measured by the dynamometer. Muscle activity was recorded from the rectus femoris muscle. During the experiment, the subject was seated in the chair. The measured items, median frequency(MDF) and root mean square (RMS), were collected from the surface EMG. All data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Results: There was significant difference of MVIC between male and female. Endurance time was significant difference by the level of MVIC but no significant in the main effect(sex) and interaction effect. The MDF and fatigue index were significant differences in the interaction effect. The RMS was not significant difference in both of main and interaction effect. The muscle fatigue patterns of female was greater than male after 60% MVIC. Conclusion: This study showed that sex differences of muscle fatigue were started from 60% MVIC.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2023

PURPOSE: This study examined the foot pressure distribution using the sprinter and skater patterns of coordinative locomotor training. METHODS: Thirty healthy adults, comprising 11 men and 19 women, participated in the study. All the participants performed patterns in sprinter pattern conditions 1-3 and skater pattern conditions 1-3, and were measured using a pedoscan to determine the applied foot pressure distribution. RESULTS: The participants significantly differed in the big toe during the sprinter pattern. As a result of the post hoc test, opposite and opposite sprinters showed a significant difference from the same sprinters (same sprinter; 21.33 ± 5.92, opposite sprinter; 23.54 ± 5.41, and reopposite sprinter; 24.14 ± 6.46). There was a significant difference in the lateral side during the skater pattern. As a result of the post hoc test, reopposite and same skaters showed a significant difference from opposite skaters (same skater; 49.88 ± 5.75, opposite skater; 48.78 ± 5.64, and reopposite skater; 51.15 ± 5.37). CONCLUSION: The foot pressure was distributed toward the hallux and fifth toe according to the sprinter and skater patterns of coordinative locomotor training.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 호흡 동조 구동 팬톰을 이용하여 5가지의 호흡패턴에 따른 4DCT와 Slow-CT의 내부표적체적(ITV) 변화를 비교 분석하였다. 각 호흡패턴마다 호흡주기 1~4초와 표적 진폭 1~3 cm를 적용하여 4DCT와 Slow-CT를 각 3회 촬영하였다. 촬영한 영상들은 Eclipse 치료계획 시스템으로 표적을 윤곽 묘사하고 내부표적체적(ITV) 길이와 체적을 측정하였으며, 4DCT, Slow-CT의 ITV 길이와 체적의 평균값을 이론값과 비교하여 분석하였다. 4DCT에서의 ITV 길이와 체적은 호흡주기가 길수록, 표적 진폭이 짧을수록 이론값과의 차이가 감소하는 경향을 보였다. Slow-CT에서는 표적 진폭이 커질수록 4DCT와 마찬가지로 이론값과의 차이가 커졌으나 호흡주기에 따른 ITV 길이와 체적의 변화는 호흡주기 1초에서 가장 이론값 비슷하였고 2~4초 내에서는 재현성의 변화가 근소했다. 호흡패턴에 따라서는 4DCT, Slow-CT 모두 ITV 길이와 체적에 대해 A패턴에서 가장 높은 재현성을 보였고, B, C, D패턴은 서로 비슷한 차이를 보였으며 E패턴은 다른 네 패턴에 비해 이론값과의 차이가 가장 컸다. 4DCT에 대한 Slow-CT의 ITV 길이와 체적의 차이는 모든 호흡패턴에 대하여 호흡주기가 길수록, 표적 진폭이 클수록 증가하였다. 4DCT와 Slow-CT 영상간의 ITV 길이 및 체적에 대한 재현성을 비교했을 때 Slow-CT가 4DCT에 비해 평균적으로 약 22% 낮았으며, 호흡패턴에 따라 상, 하 방향에 대해 표적의 재현성이 달라졌다. A, B, C패턴의 경우 상, 하 방향으로 3 mm, E패턴은 상 방향에 비해 하 방향에서 5 mm의 차이를 보인 반면에 D패턴에서는 상 방향으로는 차이가 없었으나 하 방향으로 1.45 cm의 차이가 났다. 따라서 4DCT에 대하여 Slow-CT에 표적 움직임을 고려한 여유를 설정할 경우에는 호흡패턴에 따라 상, 하 방향에 다른 여유를 정의해야 한다고 판단된다. 향후 환자의 호흡신호를 바탕으로 CT 영상을 분석할 때 본 연구에서 수행한 데이터가 유용하게 사용될 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 1984

본 실험은 수도의 유전연구에 전기영동법을 도입함에 있어 기초조사를 하기 위하여 수도 조직내의 몇가지 산소가 부위별로 차이가 있는지 또한 생장 조절제인 GA를 처이함으로 같은 산소의 동위효소 pattern이 변하는지 '아끼바레'와 '유신' 두 품종을 사용 조사하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1. Isoelectrofocusing에 의한 종자, Shoot, Root의 Esterase, Phosphatase, Amylase 동위효소 pattern은 두 품종 모두 조직부위별로 다른 pattern을 보였다. 2. 7％ polyacrglamide slab gel electrophoresis에 의한 Peroxidase 동위효소 pattern도 두 품종 모두 조직부위별로 다른 Pattern을 보였다. 3. GA(10/sup -5/)을 처리했을 경우 Esterase 동위효소 pattern은 '아끼바레'의 root와 '유신'의 shoot, root에서 대조구와 차이가 있었으며 Phosphatase의 동위효소 pattern은 '아끼바레'의 root에서 차이가 있었다. Amylase와 Peroxidase의 동위효소 pattern은 대조구와 GA 처리간에 차이가 없었다.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 특정 지역의 전력 소비 데이터를 이용하여 safe와 non-safe 전력 부하 라인의 차이를 분석하여 정의하고, 출현패턴을 사용하여 잠재되어 있는 non-safe라인을 식별하기 위하여 제한된 메모리에서 효율적으로 패턴을 찾을 수 있는 TFP-tree 기반의 점진적 출현패턴 마이닝 알고리즘을 제안한다. 특히, 두 개의 다른 최소 지지도 값을 사용하여 전력 소비 데이터와 같은 대용량 데이터에서의 마이닝 문제를 해결한다.