• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.109-115
• /
• 1984

대구시민들에 있어서 장내 기생광충류의 최근 감염상을 알아보기 위해 1983연 3월부터 9월까지 대구시내 5개동(남구 봉덕동, 북구 노원동, 서구 비산동, 동구 신암동 및 수성구 수성동)주민를 조사 대상으로 선정하여 formalinether 집란법 및 scotch-tape 항문주위도말법으로 광충류 충란 검사를 실시하였다. 총 피검자 1,697명중 장내접충류 감염률은 27.9%이었으며, 이중 편충이 13.2%로 가장 높았고, 그 다음은 7.0%를 나타내는 요충이었으며, 구충은 0.:1로 가장 낮았다. 성별 감염률에 있어서 남자의 경우 간흡충, 요꼬가와흡충, 조충등은 여자에 비해서 그 율이 다소 높았으나, 편충의 경우에는 양자간에 유의적 차를 인정할 수 없었다. 연령군별 감염률에 있어서는 편충은 20∼29세군에서 남자 17.5%. 여자 17.6%로 가장 높았으며, 0∼9세군에서는 남자 5.5%, 여자 9.6%로 가장 낮았다. 간흡충은 30∼39세군에서 가장 높았으며 요꼬가와흡충도 간흡충과 비슷한 양상을 나타내었다. 혼합기생상에 있어서는 1종기생이 가장 많았고 다음은 2종의 중복기생이었으며, 3종의 혼합기생은 매우 적었다. 이상의 성적으로 미루어 보아 대구직할시 주민들에서의 장내 기생 윤충류 감염은 아직도 고율임을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.828-843
• /
• 1998

To find the association of perception of health status with lifestyle of different ethnic groups living in north-eastern part of China, a cross-sectional questionnaire survey was done by 10 local health workers for 375 Korean immigrants and 217 Chinese whose age was 30 years old or more. Because Korean immigrants showed higher mortality than Chinese, we expected to find significant lifestyle related with perception of health status which was known to be a predictor of mortality by different ethnic groups. The results were as follows : 1. We found that 59.7% of Yanbian Koreans and 42.9% of Yanbian Chinese felt unhealthy (p=0.000). 2. For Yanbian Koreans, significant variables associated with perception of health status were selected through logistic regression analysis and they were sex; female to male with an OR=2.45 (95% confidence interval[CI] 1.06, 5.64), prevalence of chronic illness with an OR=5.48 (95% CI: 4.62, 15.56), mont of meal; small or moderate to full with an OR=2.67 (95% CI : 1.40, 5.09), preference of spicy food with an OR=1.78 (95% CI : 1.04, 3.04), and less amount intake of vitamin $B_2$, with an OR=2.29 (95% CI : 1.33, 3.93). 3. For Yanbian Chinese, significant variables associated with perception of health status were prevalence of chronic illness with an OR=4.97 (95% CI : 2.11, 11.68), history of taking ginseng with an OR=3.72 (95% CI : 1.33, 10.43), and less intake of vitamin C with an OR=0.18 (95% CI : 0.07, 0.46). In conclusion, sex, presence of chronic illness, dietary habit, and amount of $vitamin-B_1$ intake were associated with perception of health status in Yanbian Koreans. Presence of chronic illness, experience of ginseng intake, and amount of vitamin C intake were associated with perception of health status in Yanbian Chinese. To prove cause-effect relation between perception of health status and lifestyle, further study is needed for these different ethnic groups.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.135-148
• /
• 2010

Objectives: In this study, knowledge of environmental disease, experience of environmental health education and necessity of environmental health education of elementary school pupils were compared and analyzed. Methods: The population of this study was from grade 1 to 6 elementary school pupils in Ulsan city, Korea. Five elementary schools were randomly selected from Ulsan City. Seven hundred and twenty-eight responses from the five schools were analyzed (seventy-two were excluded). A self-administered questionnaire measuring sociodemographic variables, Knowledge of environment related disease(atopic dermatitis, asthma etc), as well as educational experience and necessity of environmental health education was analyzed. The survey results were analyzed using SPSS-PC Program 12.0 and the following results by implementing Frequency Analysis, Cross-tabulation Analysis and ANOVA are as follows. Result: Pupils of lower grades more informed than those of higher grades about atopic dermatitis. Among asthma sufferers, many responded that symptoms occurred or improved during the lower grades of elementary school. In terms of the lifestyles of patients with atopic dermatitis or asthma, female pupils, especially those in the lower grades, tended to make changes in their daily habits based on their disease. Also, parents tended to intervene/mediate more in the dietary habits and personal hygiene habits of lower-grade pupils compared to their higher-grade counterparts. Personal hygiene education is currently not provided in schools, and upper-grade pupils have more experience with personal hygiene education compared to lower grade pupils. 430 (59.0%) of pupils replied that education about personal hygiene is necessary in their curriculum. 490 (67.3%) of elementary pupils are aware of the close connection between education in hygiene and human health. When asked if education in hygiene should also be undertaken by teachers and parents, 406 (55.7%) students said that it should be done. Conclusions: Developing a concrete health education program and raising instructors' awareness of the necessity for education in hygiene. Placement of professionals in the personal hygiene education field, is important to provide good health education for elementary school pupils.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.132-140
• /
• 2003

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of soymilk and exercise on bone mineral density (BMD) in underweight college women of 19-22 years of age, who had lower bone mass. The BMD of the lumbar spine and femoral neck was measured for 52 underweight college women. Among them, 33 subjects, whose t-score value was below -1, were selected. Questionnaire survey, anthropometrical measurements, dietary recall, analysis of BMD, fasting serum osteocalcin and urinary deoxypyridinoline (DPD) were conducted before and after the 10 week study. The 33 subjects were divided into 2 groups： soymilk group (n=19), and soymilk ＋ exercise group (n=14). The soymilk group was given 400$m\ell$ soymilk containing 60mg of isoflavones on a daily basis and the soymilk ＋ exercise group exercised three times a week with a daily intake of 400$m\ell$ soymilk for 10 weeks. The average ages of the soymilk group and the soymilk ＋ exercise group were 21.1 years and 20.4 years, respectively and, there were no significant differences between the soymilk group and the soymilk ＋ exercise group in the areas of height, weight or Body Mass Index (BMI). At the baseline, the mean daily energy intake of the soymilk group and the soymilk ＋ exercise group was 1,597.9kcal (79.43％ of RDA) and 1,704.2kcal (85.2％ of RDA), respectively. The mean calcium intake of the soymilk group (408.3mg) was not significantly different from that of the soymilk ＋ exercise group (389.4mg). Despite the 400$m\ell$ soymilk supplementation, there were no significant changes of nutrient intake in either group after treatment. However, there were significant increases in BMD's of lumbar spine and femoral neck in both groups. There were some increases in the serum osteocalcin level and decreases in the urinary deoxypyridinoline level as well. BMD change of the soymilk group was not significantly different from that of the soymilk ＋ exercise group. In conclusion, supplementary intake of soymilk (containing 60mg of isoflavones) resulted in a significant increase in the BMD's of the lumbar spine and femoral neck in underweight college women with low bone mass. However, exercise did not result in any significant changes in the BMD's, implying the necessity for more intensive and specific long-term physical training for any substantial changes. Further investigation is necessary to determine the exercise that most strongly affects BMD.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.329-341
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine vegetable & fruit (V/F) intakes, beliefs and self-efficacy regarding V/F consumption, nutrition knowledge and eating behavior of elementary students. A survey was conducted to the 4th graders (n = 234) at two elementary schools in Guri, Kyunggi-do. About one-fourth of subjects were overweight or obese. Subjects had 4.2 servings of V/F a day, consuming 340.2 g of V/F. Girls consumed significantly more amounts of vegetables than boys (p < 0.05). Girls were more favorable regarding V/F consumption (p < 0.01), and believed more strongly on advantages of having V/F such as “good for skin” constipation prevention (p < 0.001) and cancer prevention (p < 0.05). Boys felt more strongly in disadvantages or barriers of eating V/F, including mother's cooking time constraints (p < 0.01), lack of past experience of eating V/F, and family members' disliking of V/F (p < 0.05). Girls felt more confident in eating V/F (p < 0.05) than boys; they also felt more confident in specific items of "eating fruits/salads instead of cookies/chips for snack" and "eating fruit juice/vegetable juice instead of soda"(p < 0.01). Subjects showed low level of nutrition knowledge, especially in items such as balanced meals, recommended servings of V/F and vitamin deficiency. Compared to boys, girls had more desirable eating behavior such as eating adequate amount of meals (p < 0.001), having a variety of foods, eating fruits daily, and having fatty foods less frequently (p < 0.05). Intakes of Ca and K were quite below the recommended level, while the intakes of protein, Na and vitamin A intake were much above the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) for 9-11 old children. Nutrient intakes expressed as %DRI was higher in girls for vitamin A (p < 0.01), energy and riboflavin (p < 0.05). High V/F consumption group (${\geq}5$ servings of V/F a day) compared to the counterparts showed higher self-efficacy and had better eating behaviors. Nutrition education for children should focus on increasing consumption of V/F, by helping them to increase self-efficacy for eating V/F and to recognize the benefits and reduce the barriers of eating V/F, especially in boys. It is also needed to provide nutrition information for balanced meals or increasing V/F consumption, and help the children to adopt desirable eating behavior.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.206-226
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of eating with family or alone on the self-rated mental or physical health and then work out strategies of making people recognize the importance of eating with family and its practice. Study subjects were 610 primary school 5th- and 6th-grade students in Daejeon Area. A questionnaire survey was carried out. 57.9% of students had working mothers. The frequency of meal in a day was $2.90{\pm}0.42$ and this frequency was lower in students who had working mothers (p < 0.05). The frequency of skipping breakfast (times/week) was $1.02{\pm}1.77$. The frequencies of eating alone (times/week) were $1.04{\pm}1.65$ for breakfast and $0.97{\pm}1.52$ for dinner. Also, the frequency of eating alone for dinner was higher in students who had working mothers (p < 0.001). When the frequency of eating alone for breakfast or dinner was higher, the frequencies of skipping breakfast and dinner were also higher (for all, p <0.01). When the frequency of eating alone for breakfast or dinner was higher, the self-rated positive mental health were lower (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 respectively) and the self-rated negative mental health (for dinner, p < 0.05) and the self-rated negative physical health was higher (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 respectively), thus presenting negative health. The frequencies of eating with family (times/week) were $3.37{\pm}2.50$ for breakfast and $4.14{\pm}2.19$ for dinner. Also, the frequency of eating with family for dinner was lower in students who had working mothers (p < 0.01). When the frequency of eating with family for breakfast was higher, the frequency of skipping breakfast was lower (p < 0.01). When the frequency of eating with family for dinner was higher, the frequency of skipping dinner was lower (p <0.01). In addition, when the frequency of eating with family for breakfast or dinner was higher, the self-rated positive mental health were higher (for both, p <0.01) and the self-rated negative mental health was lower (for breakfast, p < 0.01) and self-rated negative physical health were lower (for both, p <0.01), thus presenting positive health. Therefore, in order to maintain positive health, it is necessary to recognize the importance of eating with family at home and educate people to carry out a systematic and continuous dietary life, thus increasing eating with family and reducing eating alone and skipping a meal.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.205-210
• /
• 1998

1995년 4월부터 1997년 12월까지 약 3년간에 걸쳐 강원도지역에 납품되어 급식된 19종 농산물에 대하여 농산물의 안전성을 확보하고 보건 위생상의 위해를 예방하기 위한 기초 자료로 활용하기 위하여 검사를 수행하였다. 유기염소계 8종을 ECD가 부착된 Gas Chromatography에 의하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 농산물 673건중 유기염소계 농약이 159건(23.6%)에서 검출되었으며, 이중 2종류의 농약이 검출된 농산물은 24건(15.1%)이었다. 2. Chlorobenzilate, Dicofol 및 Tetradifon는 전 시료에서 검출되지 않았다. 3. 농약의 검출범위는 DDT $0.001{\sim}0.117ppm$, ${\gamma}-BHC$ $0.001{\sim}0.095ppm$, ${\alpha},{\beta}-Endosulfan$ $0.001{\sim}0.067ppm$, Chlorothalonil $0.003{\sim}0.250ppm$, Captafol 0.033ppm이었다. 4. 각 농약의 평균 잔류량은 DDT 0.006ppm, ${\gamma}-BHC$ 0.009ppm, ${\alpha},{\beta}-Endosulfan$ 0.008ppm, Chlorothalonil 0.024ppm, Captafol 0.033ppm이었다. 단 잔류 허용 기준을 초과하는 농산물은 1건도 없었다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.275-287
• /
• 1993

An ecological survey of food and nutrition was conducted in April and May, among 278 children, 6 to 12 years old, of the Youido elementary school, which offers no school lunch program, and is situated in Youido delta of Han River side of Seoul, known as the location of one of the socioeconomically high groups; Eighteen percent and 18.3% of subjects were proven to be overweight and obese, respectively. With regard to frequency of skipping breakfast, 28.4% of the subjects skipped breakfast often and 2.5% of subjects skipped breakfast every morning. Obese children showed good appetite and the time consumed for eating was shorter than those of normal or overweight children. Most serious anxiety among the mothers for those children was food habit of `eating rapidly' and `overeating'. Another striking observation was that 14.4% of the subjects ate only one side-dish with boiled rice, and such a pattern was more often found in the normal or slim group. Most of the subjects had their snacks after being back in home from school. Thirty-one percent of the children had snacks when they felt hungry, 69% had snacks for various reasons such as `habitually', `for unwinding', and `mother gives me snacks'. Thirty-eight percent of the boys and 19% of the girls had physical exercise everyday and overweight and obese children got exercise more frequently. But the time consumed for exercise was much more shorter than that of normal subjects. Most of the children liked fruits, meats, and biscuit, in contrast, lowest preferency was for vegetables, fermented fish products, and boiled rice mixed with other grains. Obese children experienced more kinds of food than normal or slim group. The study found that habits of overeating due to good appetite and eating rapidly were recognized as one of dominant reasons causing obesity among children. On the other hand, serious dietary problem of children of normal or slim group was eating less variety of food. Active nutrition education for both children and mothers will be recommended with joint participation of teachers.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.321-330
• /
• 1996

With changing socio-economic environments, there have been some changes in the Korean diet. One of major changes is the increasing fat intake. Based on the current trend of increase, it is important to understand factors related to fat intake levels. Objective of this study was to find out the differences in food consumption patterns, demographic characteristics, and other socio-economic factors among three groups of households. The households were devided into three groups by percentage of fat energy intake to total energy intake such as less than 15%(Group 1), from 15% to 25%(Group 2), and more than 25% (Group 3). Among 1, 987 households, the numbers in Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3 were 792(39.6%), 902(45.4%), and 293(15.1%), respectively. The mean size of family was 3.44 person per households for total survey household, 3.42 for Group 1, 3.54 for Group 2, and 3.21 for Group 3. More than 60% of families living in the rural area belonged to Group 1(p<0.05). Group 3 had most educated food preparers and more income than other groups(p<0.05). Group 3 showed higher intake of all nutrient analyzed except carbohydrate (p<0.05). Other than calcium and vitamin A for Group 1, and vitamin A for Group 1, and vitamin A for Group 2, all nutrient intake analyzed for three groups were more than 75% of Korean recommended dietary alowances. Mean fat intakes for Group 1, Group 2, and group 3 had highest amount of intake for all food groups. According to food group analysis, Group 3 had highest amount of intake for all food groups except vegetables. Group 3 consumed more than 10 times of meats compared to Group 1. Group 3 had more dishes prepared by baking, deep-fryng, stir-frying, and pan-frying other two groups. Processed foods were used most frequently in Group 3. Other diet and related factors were analyzed also. These results showed that the amount of fat consumed by Korean households varies widely. Households with high fat energy intake had tendency to reside in the largy city, and to have heigher education level and more income than other groups. They eat less vegetables, use more cooking methods using oils, and use more processed foods. To ensure a proper intake of fat, there should be two separate ways of approach for high fat energy group and low fat energy group, since they are different in many ways.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제49권2호
• /
• pp.125-133
• /
• 2016

본 연구에서는 2012, 2013년도 국민건강영양조사를 이용하여 한국성인의 김치 소비 실태 조사를 섭취 빈도와 1회 섭취량을 이용하여 김치의 섭취 패턴, 영양소섭취량 및 다소비 식품을 조사하였다. 연구 결과 한국 성인의 아침결식률은 25~27%로 점심이나 저녁에 비해 높게 나타났으며, 끼니는 하루 3끼니를 섭취하는 대상자가 높았고, 간식은 섭취한 경우가 92% 이상으로 높은 비율을 보였다. 또한, 외식 횟수는 하루 1회 이상이 2012년에 27.6%, 2013년도에는 33%로 가장 높았으며, 특히 주 5회 이상 외식을 하는 비율이 2012년에 45%였으며, 김치 섭취 빈도 중 배추김치는 하루 2회 섭취 횟수 대상자의 비율이 가장 높았다. 배추김치 섭취 빈도에 따른 다소비식품 상위 30위를 분석한 결과에서는 배추김치만이 상위권 안에 들었고, 다른 김치류는 30위 내에 나타나지 않았다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 배추김치뿐만 아니라 다양한 김치 섭취를 높일 수 있는 방안의 모색이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.