• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.1337-1343
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• 2003

산화적 스트레스를 많이 받는 당뇨상태에서 항산화활성이 높은 부추의 섭취가 지질 및 단백질 산화, 활성산소종의 생성, 항산화 효소계 활성 변화 및 lipofuscin생성에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 S.D.계 쥐에게 streptozotocin을 복강투여하여 당뇨병을 유발시킨 후 대조군 식이와 10% 부추식이를 14주간 섭취시켰다. 부추의 섭취는 대조군식이에 비해 간보다는 피부조직에서 지질 및 단백질 산화를 유의적으로 감소 시켰고(p<0.05), 반응성이 큰 활성산소종인 hydroxyl radical의 생성도 당뇨군에 비해 유의적으로 감소된 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05).부추의 섭취는 간과 피부조직의 항산화 효소계 활성을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났으며 심장과 눈 조직에서 노화색소인 lipofuscin을 측정한 결과 당뇨군에 비해 당뇨부추군에서 감소하였고 특히 눈에서 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.001). 이상의 결과로 부추의 섭취는 당뇨 합병증을 일으키는 주요 원인인 산화적 스트레스를 억제하는 효과를 나타내었고, 당뇨 합병증의 증상완화에 도움을 줄 것으로 기대되어 진다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.229-237
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 자돈(6.3 kg) 비육 출하시(110 kg)까지 식이유황의 급여가 돈육 품질특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 3원교잡종$(Landrace{\times}Yorkshire{\times}Duroc)$ 135두를 각 처리구 마다 45두씩(돈방당 15두)배치하여 158일간 사양시험을 실시하였다. 대조구는 식이유황 무첨가, 처리구 1은 300ppm, 처리구 2는 500ppm 첨가하여 급여하였다. 급여기간이 끝난 후 일괄적으로 함양도축장에서 도축하여 돈육의 등심부위를 wrap으로 함기포장하여 냉장온도$(4^{\circ}C)$에서 8일간 저장하면서 품질특성과 관련된 각 실험항목을 조사하였다. 지방산화는 저장기간 동안 대조구에 비하여 유황 급여 처리구가 낮은 지방산화를 보였으며, 저장기간에 따른 비교에서는 모든 처리구가 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 유의적으로 증가하였다(p<0.05). 관능적 특성 중 근내지방 함량과 전체적인 기호성은 유황 500ppm급여 처리구가 대조구와 유황 300ppm급여 처리구에 비하여 유의적으로 높은 값을 보였다. 저장기간의 경과에 따른 변화에서는 모든 처리구가 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 무기물 중 Na, Mg 및 Ca함량은 대조구에 비하여 유황 급여 수준이 증가할수록 함량이 유의적으로 감소하는 결과를 보였다(p<0.05). Fe, Cu 및 Zn 함량은 대조구에 비하여 유황 급여 처리구가 유의적으로 높은 함량을 보였다(p<0.05). S 함량은 대조구에 비하여 유황 급여수준이 증가할수록 유의적으로 증가하였다(p<0.05). 아미노산 함량은 대조구와 유황 급여 처리구간에 뚜렷한 경향이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 지방산 조성 중 palmitic, stearic과 oleic acid 함량은 대조구에 비하여 유황 급여 처리구가 유의적으로 높은 함량을 보였으며(p<0.05), 반면에 linoleic와 linolenic acid 함량은 유황 급여수준이 증가할수록 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). 포화지방산 함량은 유황 급여수준이 증가할수록 유의적으로 증가하였으며(p<0.05), 반면에 불포화지방산 함량은 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 요약하면 식이유황 급여는 돈육 등심의 품질특성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.97-114
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• 2012

This study was performed to assess the nutritional status and hair mineral content of children with behavioral problems and compare the values with a gender, age-matched control group. The subjects were recruited from S elementary school children in Seoul, Korea. Students scored higher than 60 points were diagnosed with behavioral problems according to the Korean-Child Behavior Checklist. Nutritional assessment of the two groups (behavior problem group: male n=15, female n=24; $9.6{\pm}1.6$ years, control group: male n=16, female n=18; $9.5{\pm}1.9$ years) was performed using a nutritional survey and by measuring hair mineral contents. In the results, food frequency questionnaire analysis showed that the intakes of anchovy (P<0.05), soybean curb (P<0.01), radish (P<0.05), bean sprouts (P<0.05), spinach (P<0.05), carrot (P<0.05), pumpkin (P<0.05), lettuce (P<0.05), cabbage (P<0.01), apple (P<0.05), and milk (P<0.01) were higher in the control group than the behavior problem group, whereas intakes of ramyeon (P<0.05), cookies (P<0.05), and coke (P<0.01) were higher in the behavior problem group than the control group. Intakes of most nutrients such as plant-derived protein (P<0.05), fiber (P<0.05), plant-derived calcium (P<0.05), phosphorus (P<0.05), plant-derived iron (P<0.05), vitamin B2 (P<0.05), vitamin B6 (P<0.05), vitamin C (P<0.01), vitamin E (P<0.05), and folate (P<0.05) were significantly higher in the control group than the behavior problem group. Hair analysis showed that the levels of arsenic (P<0.05), mercury (P<0.001), uranium (P<0.05), iron (P<0.001), boron (P<0.01), and germanium (P<0.001) were lower, but the levels of phosphate (P<0.05), chromium (P<0.001), sodium (P<0.05), and sulfur (P<0.001) were higher in the behavior problem group than the control group. Conclusively, behavioral problems constitute a complicated condition in which nutritional factors may play major roles. However, it is still under investigation as to whether or not modification of dietary habits or nutritional supplementation can improve children's behavior, since symptoms require a broad understanding of the environmental and genetic interactions.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2009

This paper reviews the current status of mercury research on exposure and contamination, mercury emissions, emission limits and control technologies, long-range transport and deposition research, and mercury management policy in Korea. According to a monitoring of the Ministry of Environment and the Ministry of Health and Welfare, blood mercury levels among Koreans are $5{\sim}8$ times higher than those of U.S. and Germany. The most dominant source of exposure to mercury is through dietary intake. Emissions of mercury from coal-fired power plants are estimated 8.93 ton/year in 2004. Emissions of mercury from other important sources, such as waste incineration, steel and cement manufacturing and non-ferrous metal smelting operations are to be further investigated. A study on long-range transport of mercury suggests that the dry deposition flux over the Yellow Sea was much greater than those for other oceans. As a whole, the amounts of wet depositions of nitrogen and sulfur were 1.9 and 1.5 times larger than the amounts of dry depositions in each species, respectively. Substantial influence from China caused by high emissions in East China and westerly wind was possibly suggested. However, the influence from nitrogen emission in Korea was also confirmed. Korean Government has already adopted stringent emission limits on mercury for incinerators and boilers in 2005. However, emission limits for coal-fired power plants and non-ferrous metal smelters are rather relaxed. As the above mentioned two sources can be two most important sources of mercury emissions, control strategy for those sources are to be considered.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제58권8호
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• pp.29.1-29.10
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• 2016

Background: It is known that large dogs who are fed lamb and rice diets are at increased risk to develop taurine-deficiency-induced dilated cardiomyopathy. Since dogs obligatorily conjugate bile acids (BA) with taurine, we determined whether rice bran (RB) or other fibers (cellulose; CL, beet pulp; BP) would affect BA excretion and/or the taurine status of dogs. Results: Eighteen medium/large mixed-breed dogs were given purified diets containing CL, BP, or RB for 12 weeks. Taurine concentrations in plasma and whole blood were significantly decreased at week 12. The BP group, compared to the CL or RB groups, showed significantly lower taurine concentrations in plasma ($6.5{\pm}0.5$ vs $20.4{\pm}3.9$ and $13.1{\pm}2.0{\mu}mol/L$, respectively, P < 0.01, $mean{\pm}SEM$) and in whole blood ($79{\pm}10$ vs $143{\pm}14$ and $127{\pm}14{\mu}mol/L$, respectively, P < 0.01), lower apparent protein digestibility ($81.9{\pm}0.6$ vs $88.8{\pm}0.6$ and $88.1{\pm}1.2%$, respectively, P < 0.01), and higher BA excretions ($5.6{\pm}0.1$ vs $3.4{\pm}0.5$ and $3.4{\pm}0.4{\mu}mol/g$ feces, respectively, P < 0.05) at week 12. Conclusions: These results do not support the hypothesis that RB is likely to be a primary cause of lamb meal and rice diets, increasing the risk of taurine deficiency in large dogs. However these indicate that BP may contribute to a decrease taurine status in dogs by increasing excretion of fecal BA and decreasing protein digestibility, thus decreasing the bioavailability of sulfur amino acids, the precursors of taurine.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권8호
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• pp.1166-1172
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• 2016

This study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary supplementation of liquid DL-methionine hydroxy analog free acid (DL-MHA) on growth performance and gastrointestinal conditions of piglets. One hundred and eighty crossbred barrow piglets (Large White${\times}$Landrace, body weight: $12.48{\pm}0.33kg$) were divided into three groups with ten replications of six piglets each. Piglets received DL-MHA in diet at a concentration of 0 (control group), 0.15%, or 0.24%. The results indicated that increasing the standardized ileal digestible (SID) of sulfur amino acids (SAA) to lysine (SID SAA:Lys) ratio by supplementation of DL-MHA tended to increase (quadratic; p<0.10) weight gain and ADG, and showed slightly greater (linear; p<0.10) gain:feed ratio. The pH in the diet and cecum linearly decreased (p<0.01), whereas pH in colon had a quadratic response (p<0.01) with increasing supplementation of DL-MHA. By greater supplementation of DL-MHA, the population of Lactobacillus spp. in rectum was likely to increase (quadratic; p<0.10), but Escherichia coli population in the diet was reduced (quadratic; p<0.05). Acetic acid concentration and total short-chain fatty acids in cecum linearly increased (p<0.05), whereas valeric acid in cecum quadratically increased (p<0.05) with increasing DL-MHA levels. Moreover, the villous height of the jejunum quadratically increased (p<0.01) as the supplementation of DL-MHA was increased. It is concluded that the addition of DL-MHA in diet improved the growth performance and the morphology of gastrointestinal tract of piglets.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.212-219
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the association between hair mineral levels and nutrient intakes, age, and BMI in female adults who visited a woman's clinic located in Seoul. Dietary intakes were assessed by food frequency questionnaire and mineral levels were measured in collected hairs, and the relationship between these was examined. The average daily nutrient intakes of subjects were compared to those of the KDRIs, and the energy intake status was fair. The average intake of calcium in women of 50 years and over was 91.35% of KDRls and the potassium intake was greatly below the recommended levels in all age groups. In the average hair mineral contents in subjects, calcium and copper exceeded far more than the reference range while selenium was very low with 85.19% of subjects being lower than the reference value. In addition, the concentrations of sodium, potassium, iron, and manganese in the hair were below the reference ranges in over 15% of subjects. The concentrations of sodium, chromium, sulfur, and cadmium in the hair showed positive correlations (P < 0.05) with age, but the hair zinc level showed a negative correlation (P < 0.05) with age. The concentrations of sodium, potassium, chromium, and cadmium in the hair showed positive correlations (P < 0.05) with BMI. Some mineral levels in subjects of this study showed significant correlations with nutrient intakes, but it seems that the hair mineral content is not directly influenced by each mineral intake. As described above, some hair mineral levels in female adults deviated from the normal range, and it is considered that nutritional intervention to control the imbalance of mineral nutrition is required. Also, as some correlations were shown between hair mineral levels and age, BMI, and nutrient intakes, the possibility of utilizing hair mineral analysis for specific purposes in the future is suggested.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2009

Some of the edible plants like apricot kernel, flaxseed, and cassava generate hydrogen cyanide (HCN) when cyanogenic glycosides are hydrolyzed. Rhodanese (thiosulfate: cyanide sulfurtransferases of TSTs; EC: 2.8.1.1) is a sulfide-detoxifying enzymes that converts cyanides into thiocyanate and sulfite. This enzyme exists in a liver and kidneys in abundance. The present study is to evaluate the conversion of apricot cyanogenic glycosides into thiocyanate by human hepatic (HepG2) and colonal (HT-29) cells, and the induction of the enzymes in the rat. The effects of short term exposure of amygdalin to rats have also been investigated. Cytosolic, mitochondrial, and microsomal fractions from HepG2 and HT-29 cells and normal male Spraque-Dawley rats were used. When apricot kernel extract was used as substrate, the rhodanese activity in liver cells was higher than the activity in colon cells, both from established human cell line or animal tissue. The cytosolic fractions showed the highest rhodanese activity in all of the cells, exhibiting two to three times that of microsomal fractions. Moreover, the cell homogenates could metabolize apricot extract to thiocyanate suggesting cellular hydrolysis of cyanogenic glycoside to cyanide ion, followed by a sulfur transfer to thiocyanate. After the consumption of amygdalin for 14 days, growth of rats began to decrease relative to that of the control group though a significant change in thyroid has not been observed. The resulting data support the conversion to thiocyanate, which relate to the thyroid dysfunction caused by the chronic dietary intake of cyanide. Because Korean eats a lot of Brassicaceae vegetables such as Chinese cabbage and radish, the results of this study might indicate the involvement of rhodanese in prolonged exposure of cyanogenic glycosides.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제64권5호
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• pp.885-896
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• 2022

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of three different copper (Cu) sources (one inorganic and two organics) and levels (0, 50, and 100 mg/kg) on the growth performance, Cu digestibility, fecal mineral excretion, serum mineral concentration, jejunal morphology, and serum biochemical profile of growing pigs. A total of 42 male, growing pigs (31.08 ± 1.82 kg) were randomly assigned to seven treatments consisting of one negative control (0 mg/kg of added Cu level) and treatments with copper sulfate (CuSO4), Cu-amino acid complex (CuAA), and Cu-hydroxy-4-methylthio butanoate chelate complex (CuHMB) at 50 and 100 mg/kg each for 28 d. Pigs fed 50 or 100 mg/kg of Cu showed improved (p < 0.05) average daily gain and feed intake. Although Cu excretion decreased (p < 0.01) in pigs fed 100 mg/kg of organic Cu sources compared to those fed CuSO4, there was no difference between the Cu sources in pigs fed 50 mg/kg. However, the apparent total tract digestibility of Cu increased (p < 0.01) in pigs fed organic Cu sources compared with that in pigs fed CuSO4. The addition of CuHMB increased (p < 0.01) serum phosphorus and sulfur concentrations; however, there were no effects of source and level on jejunal morphology and serum biochemical profile. These results suggest that the inclusion (50 mg/kg) of organic Cu sources (CuAA and CuHMB) in the growing pig diet could be beneficial for growth performance and Cu availability and may reduce environmental pollution.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.279-285
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• 2023

The demand for the fresh leaf of hooker chive, which is mainly used as functional roots and contains dietary sulfur or saponin, is increasing, but the leaves are only harvested 3-4 times per year under conventional field conditions. A plant factory system with different light qualities or intensities was applied for year-round production of the fresh leaves. Hooker chive (Allium hookeri) roots were hydroponically cultured under the plant factory with a mixture of blue plus red LEDs (Light-Emitting Diodes) and fluorescent lights for 50 weeks. Maximum leaf growth was attained with the 1.5 dS/m EC in the culture medium under the plant factory. The average leaf and shoot numbers of hooker chive grown hydroponically under a mixture of 200 µmol/m²/s LEDs increased by 147% and 140%, respectively compared to those under 100 µmol/m²/s LEDs at the 10th harvest. The leaf length of hooker chive grown under the LEDs treatment with the lowest light intensity significantly increased by 27% compared with the natural light treatment at the 10th harvest. However, there was no significant difference in leaf pigmentation between natural and 200 µmol/m²/s LEDs treatments. Plant factory with the mixture LEDs of blue and red lights can be applied for year-round production of hooker chive fresh leaves to ensure a stable supply of leafy vegetable throughout the year.