• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.397-403
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• 1992

This study was performed to investigate the effect of dietary magenesium on stress reactions in rats having abdominal surgery. Sixty three male rats of sprague-dawley strain were blocked into 3 groups : rats fed regular magnesium (0.05% Mg: control) rats receiving regular magnesium with surgery(Mg-adeq : S) Five weeks after feeding abdominal surgery was performed and randomly chosen 7 rats from each group were sacrificed on 1, 3 and 5 days after surgery. Te following were found ; 1) Rats fed marginal magnesium showed significantly elevated urinary urea nitrogen urinary potassium and plasma glucose compared controls only one day after abdominal surgery but not 3 days or 5 days after surgery 2) Rats fed adequate magnesium did not show any significant change in metabolic stress indicator after surgery. 3) Plasma free fatty acid and cortisol level were not different among groups. 4) Decreased plasma magnesium and potassium level were found in rats fed marginal magne-sium and sacrificed one day and three days after surgery.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.645-651
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• 2007

Male weanling Sprague Dawley rats were used to evaluate the effect of dietary rice starch with different particle size on growth performance, intestinal function and proliferation. There were two dietary treatment: rice starch (RS), ultra finely pulverized rice starch with less than $15{\mu}m$ size (PRS). They were eight rats per treatment. In vitro digestibility, body weight change and organs weight were evaluated. Serum GPT, GOT and blood urea nitrogen were analyzed. Transit time, short chain fatty acid contents of cecum, and cell proliferation of duodenum and jejunum were measured. In vitro digestibility of PRS was higher than that of RS. Rats fed ultra finely pulverized rice starch for 3 weeks grew faster than rats fed rice starch. PRS group has higher weights of liver, kidney, spleen and epididymal fat pad, perhaps as a result of increased digestibility. GPT and GOT were not different between two groups. Blood urea nitrogen was higher in RS-fed rats than that of PRS-fed rats. Feeding ultra finely pulverized rice starch resulted in a proliferation of duodenum significantly. These results suggest that ultra finely pulverized rice starch increases the growth performance in weanling animals with reduced number of cells in the cell cycle of small intestine.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.5-12
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• 1998

This study was designed to examine how dietary protein levels affect organ growth and protein metabolism in early and normally weaned rats. Early and normally weaned rats separated fro the dam on the 15th and 121st day postpartum, respectively. were fed diets containing three levels of protein : low(10%) , normal (20%),and high(40%) . On the 35th day, the weight and DNA, RNA and protein contents in brain , liver, and kidney were determined to ascertain organ and cellular growth. Furthermore, serum total protein , albumin , $\alpha$-amino N and creatine and urinary urea N, and creatinine were determined in order to ascertain protein metabolism and renal functions. Dietary protein levels were not observed to significantly affect total DNA content, which may represent an index of cell number in the liver, brain and kidney. Fresh weight and protein/DNA ratio, which may represent indices of cell size, significantly increased in proportion to dietary protein in the kidney. As for the early weaned rats , the liver cell size significantly decreased. Dietary protein levels and weaning periods did not affect serum total protein and albumin . However, serum urea-N significantly increased in proportion to dietary protein levels whereas serum $\alpha$-amino N was decreased by early weaning . Nitrogen retention was lower in early weaned rats fed low or high levels of protein than in normally weaned rats. The results demonstrate that low or high levels of dietary protein have less desirable effects on protein metabolism in prematurely weaned rats.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.229-237
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• 2019

The influence of dietary supplementation with a yeast culture on growth performance, fecal score and nutrient digestibility was evaluated in weaned pigs in a 6-week feeding trial. A total of 50 weaning pigs with an initial average body weight (BW) of $7.46{\pm}1.60kg$ were randomly allotted into 1 of 2 dietary treatments according to the initial BW. There were 5 replicate pens in each treatment with 5 pigs per pen. The dietary treatments were as follows: 1) control, basal diet (CON) and 2) 0.10% yeast culture, basal diet supplemented with 0.1% yeast culture (YC). The average daily feed intake was significantly improved with the dietary supplementation of the yeast culture compared with the control during phases 1 and 3. Overall (0 to 6 weeks), dietary supplementation with the 0.1% yeast culture had a significant effect on the feed conversion ratio (FCR). There was no significant difference in the fecal score between the CON and YC dietary treatments. In addition, no difference in the apparent total tract digestibility was observed between the CON and YC dietary treatments. Collectively, the results of this study indicate that dietary supplementation of 0.1% yeast only improved the feed intake of weaning pigs; however, yeast culture supplementation did not affect the average daily gain, feed efficiency, total tract digestibility of dry matter, and nitrogen and energy levels as well as the fecal scores.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.523-529
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• 1997

This study was conducted to obtain accurate data on the intake, digestibility and nitrogen balance of protein in Korean college women. Subjects were 8 female college students, aged from 21 to 23, and maintained their menu and life patterns regular during a 4- week study. The same amount of diet that the subjects had consumed, and feces and urine were collected and measured to extract their nitrogen content by Kjeldahl method. From this data, apparent digestibility and the body nitrogen balance were estimated by determing daily protein intake and excretion. The daily protein intake was 56.9$\pm$1.4g and daily fecal protein loss was 6.3$\pm$0.2g. The apparent digestibility of protein was 89.6$\pm$0.7$\%$. The daily nitrogen intake measured by Kjeldahl method was 9.43$\pm$0.2g. The urinary nitrogen excretion was 7.64$\pm$0.23g and fecal nitrogen excretion was 1.02$\pm$0.03g. The nitrogen balance indicated a positive balance of 0.45$\pm$0.18g. (Korean J Community Nutrition 2(4) : 523-529, 1997)

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.1743-1749
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• 2000

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of supplementation of commercial phytase and ${\beta}-glucanase$ to wheat-soybean meal based layer diets. Control (17% CP) and reduced protein (13.5% CP) diets were compared with and without phytase and/or ${\beta}-glucanase$. Reducing dietary crude protein levels reduced the amount of N excreted by laying hens with no adverse affect on egg production or overall feed conversion ratio. There was, however, a slight reduction in average egg weight. When phytase was added to the control protein diets it was possible to reduce the level of dicalcium phosphate in the diet without a loss in performance and daily P output was reduced significantly. When phytase was added to the reduced protein diets, however, there was a dramatic loss in performance in the last four weeks of the study. Supplementation of ${\beta}-glucanase$ to wheat based layer diet did not appear to have beneficial affects in terms of laying performance and reducing nitrogen or phosphorus excretion. Combination of phytase and ${\beta}-glucanase$ had no positive effects on laying performance or reduction of DM, N and P.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.644-649
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• 2007

In this study a purified protein was prepared from pork meat. The product consisted of 0.5% moisture, 3.0% ash, 5.5% ether extract and 88.7% crude protein. Also, a meat oligopeptide mixture was prepared from a pepsin digest of the protein preparation. The two preparations were colorless and odorless powders with low fat contents. The nutritive values of the pork meat protein and oligopeptide mixture were estimated by two methods, one using biological value(BV) and the other employing net protein utilization(NPU) by the nitrogen balance method. The meat oligopeptide mixture showed an excellent nutritive value by both methods. The true digestibilites of both the pork meat protein and the oligopeptide mixture were more than 98%. The above results indicate that the oligopeptide mixture is an excellent material as a dietary nitrogen source for many purposes.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.395-400
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• 2009

This study was performed to examine the effects of salt addition levels on changes in the physicochemical properties of salted and fermented shrimp for HACCP determination. The salted shrimp were prepared from fresh shrimp using different concentrations (8, 18, 28%) of chunil salt, and were then fermented at $10^{\circ}C$ for 160 days. Amino nitrogen, VBN and TMA contents rapidly increased in the 8% group during the fermentation period, while the 18% and 28% groups maintained their initial levels throughout the 160 day fermentation period. The thiobabituric acid (TBA) values of the groups increased rapidly over 120 days of fermentation, and then decreased thereafter. The TBA values of the 18% and 28% groups were lower than that of the 8% group. The peroxide values of the 18 and 28% groups rapidly increased over 30 days of fermentation, whereas the values for the 8% group, rapidly increased with 60 days of fermentation.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.531-537
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• 2022

This study evaluated the effects of dehulled lupin kernel (DLK) supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine, fecal microbiota and fecal noxious gas emission in growing pigs. A total of 108 growing pigs (Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc) with an average initial body weight (IBW) of 24.49 ± 3.2 kg were allocated to one of three dietary treatments (5, 10, and 20 % DLK) according to sex and BW in a randomized complete block design for 6 wk. Each dietary treatment consisted of 9 replication pens with 4 pigs per pen (2 gilts and 2 borrows). The results show that there were no significant differences in growth performance and nutrient digestibility among the treatments (p > 0.05). However, pigs fed the DLK20 diet had a higher BUN compared with those fed the DLK10 diet (p < 0.05). No effects were observed on the fecal microbiota and fecal noxious gas emission among the treatments. In conclusion, the inclusion of 20% DLK had no adverse effects on the performance in growing pigs.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제29권10호
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• pp.1059-1071
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• 1996

This study was performed to investigate the effect of dietary protein level on renal senescence. Male rats of 337.8$\pm$5.7g body weight were underlateral nephrectomy or shamoperation. The rats were divided into high protein(40% casein), normal protein(15% casein) and low protein(8% casein)diets and fed experimental diets ad libitum for 24 weeks. The results are summarized as follows. There was a hypertophy of the remnant kidney of uninephrectomized rats of 40% or 15% protein group, coming up to the comparable weights of both kidneys of sham-operated rats. However, the hypertrophic effect was not seen in uninephrectomized rats of 8% protein group. Serum albumin was lower in uninephrectomized rats. With increasing dietary protein level blood urea nitrogen was increased, whereas, urinary urea nitrogen excretion was decreased. Urinary solute excretion was higher in uninephrectomized group than in sham-operated group. However, effect of dietary protein level on urinary solute excretion varied dpending on th solutes tested. GFR and urinary protein excretion, throughout experiment, increased with feeding period and with dietary protein level. Proteinuria was most severe in uninephrectomized rats fed 40% casein diet. Maximum urine concentration ability measured after dehydration was not different among the experimental groups. Light microscopic examination showed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and mild increas of glomerular mesangial matrix in uninephrectomized rats fed 40% and 15% protein diet, however, which was not observed in uninephrectomized rats fed 8% protein diet and in sham-operated rats fed 40% diet. Immunofluorescence studies revealed segmental deposits of albumin in the mesangium and capillary loops in high protein and uninephrectomized groups. Minimal granular deposition of IgG was noted in the mesangium of all experimental groups. In conclusion, high protein intake accelerated deterioration of renal function and it was correlated with morphological change. Low protein intake was effective in preventing these changes.