• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.242-253
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• 2018

본 연구는 전주시의 영양플러스 사업에 참여 중인 115명의 보호자의 영양지식 및 식생활태도 수준을 파악하고 영유아의 영양상태와의 관계에 대하여 조사하였다. 이를 통하여 영유아의 바람직한 성장발달을 위한 영양관리와 보호자대상의 효율적인 영양교육을 제시하고자 하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 영양지식의 총점은 15점 중 12.97점이며 '철분이 부족하면 빈혈에 걸리기 쉽다'가 99.1%로 가장 높은 정답률을 보였고, '철분은 동물성보다 식물성 단백질에 많이 함유되어 있다'가 62.6%로 가장 낮은 정답률을 보였다. 식생활태도의 총점은 75점 만점 기준 53.38점이며 '술은 절대로 마시지 않는다'가 3.95점으로 가장 높게 나타났고, '우유제품을 매일 먹는다'가 2.85점으로 가장 낮은 식생활태도 점수를 보였다. 보호자의 일반적 특성에 따른 영양지식과 식생활태도는 교육수준과 가족구성에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 6 ~ 24개월 영유아의 전체 평균 %EER은 97.56%이며, 영양지식 수준이 '높음'은 98.81%, '보통'은 97.87%, '낮음'은 93.73%로 영양지식 수준이 '높음'의 %EER이 다른 군에 비해 높았다. 25개월 이상의 유아의 %EER은 81.47%이며, 영양지식 수준이 '높음'은 84.17%, '보통'은 82.31%, '낮음'은 71.20%로 영양지식 수준이 '높음'의 %EER이 다른 군에 비해 높았다. 6 ~ 11개월 영아의 전체 평균 미량 영양소 섭취율은 칼슘, 인, 티아민, 리보플라빈, 나이아신은 100%이상으로 적절하게 섭취하고 있으나 철은 92.38%, 비타민 A는 92.46%, 비타민 C는 95.50% 섭취하고 있었다. 12개월 이상의 유아는 칼슘에서 보호자의 영양지식 수준이 '높음' (97.71)과 '보통' (92.79)이 '낮음' (77.66)보다 칼슘 섭취량이 유의적으로 높았다. 전체 평균 섭취율은 인, 비타민 A, 티아민, 리보플라빈, 비타민 C는 100% 이상으로 섭취하고 있으나 칼슘은 92.01%, 철은 92.31%, 나이아신은 93.67%로 부족하게 섭취하였다. 식생활 태도 수준에 따른 %에너지 필요추정량, 탄수화물, 단백질, 지방에 대한 섭취 에너지 백분율 모두 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 미량영양소인 티아민의 섭취량은 보호자의 식생활 태도 수준이 '보통' (142.67)일 때 '높음' (121.03), '낮음' (119.56)보다 유의적으로 높았다. 12개월 이상의 유아의 미량 영양소의 섭취량 백분율을 분석한 결과, 인 섭취는 보호자의 식생활태도 수준이 '보통' (135.43)일 때 '높음' (114.62), '낮음' (124.74) 보다 유의적으로 높았다. 보호자의 교육수준은 영양지식 및 식생활태도와 각각의 양의 상관관계를 보였고, 보호자의 영양지식과 식생활태도 간에도 유의적인 양의 상관성이 나타났다. 보호자의 영양지식과 영유아의 칼슘 (r = 0.303, p < 0.01), 철 (r = 0.277, p < 0.01), 비타민 C (r = 0.221, p < 0.05), 리보플라빈 (r = 0.188, p < 0.05)의 섭취량 간에 유의적인 양의 상관관계가 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 종합하면, 전주시 영양플러스 사업에 참여하고 있는 영유아 보호자의 영양지식과 식생활태도 수준은 대체로 높은 수준이었으나 이를 실생활에 적용하는 하는데 부족함이 있으므로 영양플러스 교육내용 및 교육매체에 대한 재검토가 필요하겠다. 향후 영양플러스 사업이나 영유아대상의 영양사업에서 보호자의 실질적인 영유아 영양관리 실천 기술과 지식을 향상시킬 수 있는 영양교육이 보다 강화되어야 할 것이다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

This was conducted to investigate the dietary assessment, food preferences, snack intake, priority order in food purchase, and knowledge of diet of full-time housewives and working housewives through the use of a questionnaire. The participants (127 working housewives and 86 housewives) were selected at random from Seoul and its vicinity. The predominant job reported by working housewives was saleswomen and specialized job (20.7%). The average monthly income of both housewives and working housewives ranged from 3,000,000 to 5,000,000 won. Forty percent of housewives consumed more meat, fish, eggs, beans, and tofu, while 50.0% of housewives ate vegetables other than kimchi at every meal, 51.2% of housewives consumed one serving of fruit and one cup of fruit juice, 45.3% of housewives consumed three regular meals, and 60.5% of housewives consumed a balanced diet when compared with working housewives (p<0.05). Working housewives consumed beverages, ice cream, milk, and dairy products, while housewives consumed breads, sweet potato, potato, and fruit as snacks. The preference that most often led to food selection was flavor among working housewives (67.7%) and housewives (64.0%). Both working housewives and housewives always confirmed the day of food production. Generally, housewives were more interested in learning about food, creating a dietary plan, nutrient loss during cooking and reducing waste food when compared with working housewives. Housewives appeared to have better dietary assessment and knowledge than working housewives. Accordingly, it is advisable to prepare more systemic education programs for working housewives.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.794-802
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• 2002

This study was intended to evaluate the overall effects of nutritional education on adults having two or more symptoms of chronic degenerative disease. A nine week nutritional education program was provided for 65 adults with chronic diseases. We assessed the changes in dietary knowledge, eating behavior and socio-psychological factors. When we evaluated the nutrient intakes of the subjects, their energy intake was 79.4% of the Korean Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA). Their dietary intake of other nutrients was also below the RDA level except for Vitamin C. Their knowledge of dietary therapy was slightly improved after the implementing of nutritional education. The dietary behavior of ‘night snacks before sleep’was significantly improved. While the overall fear due to disease was significantly increased, self-efficacy was not improved. Self-efficacy for eating “three regular meals” and “choosing fruit, vegetable and grain” were significantly decreased. Family support for “buying food which is good for my health” was also significantly increased, whereas “advises me to eat appropriate foods for health” was decreased. Biochemical analysis indicated that blood levels of triglyceride, cholesterol and blood pressure improved after nutrition education. Therefore, we concluded that nutritional education program for people with chronic degenerative diseases could change the diet therapy knowledge, dietary behavior, and the fear due to disease, support from family and behavior intention toward the direction to improve the chronic disease condition. However, it did not improve self-efficacy. Our study also indicated that nutritional education strategies to improve self-efficacy should be an important aspect in a long term education plan for patients to establish desirable eating habits.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.565-576
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of nutrition education on nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude and dietary intake of Chinese college students in Korea. The subjects were 64 Chinese college students in Korea (educated group, 32 students vs. non-educated group, 32 students). Educated group was lessoned as group and/or individual. Nutrition education program consisted of four lessons (40min/lesson), '6 major nutrients & function (group lesson)', '6 food group and sources (group lesson)', 'personalized daily needed energy and food exchange units using Food Exchange System (individual lesson)', and 'smart choice of snacks and eating-out foods (group lesson)'. We examined the differences between educated group and non-educated group in nutrition knowledge, dietary attitudes and nutrients intake. After education, there were positive improvements on nutrition knowledge: 'function and foods of 6 nutrients', on dietary attitudes: 'type of breakfast' in educated group. In the evaluation of nutrient intakes according to Dietary Reference Intakes for Korean (KDRI), there were positive improvements on intake levels of riboflavin, fiber, vitamin B6, vitamin C, folate, Ca and K in the educated group. In the index of nutrition quality (INQ), nutrition adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean nutrition adequacy ratio (MAR) were significantly increased in the educated group. In conclusion, it is possible to improve nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude and dietary intake of Chinese college students in Korea through the nutrition education focused on personalized daily needed energy and food exchange units.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.246-257
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to identify the effectiveness of a nutrition education program of reducing children's sugar intake based on social cognitive theory. This education program composed of 6 units was conducted in discretional activity class of the $3^{rd}$ and $4^{th}$ grade elementary school students. The results are as follows: First, the rate of correct answers and score of nutrition knowledge significantly increased after nutrition education. The scores of nutrition education in male students, students whose mothers have no job, and students with skinny physiques were much improved after nutrition education(p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001, respectively). Second, the dietary attitudes toward reducing sugar intake and checking nutrition labels significantly improved(p<0.05). And also, it tended to decrease in preference and intake of sweet foods. Third, the consumption of candy caramel jelly(p<0.05), yogurt(p<0.05), jam honey(p<0.05), and ice cream(p<0.001) were reduced after nutrition education. Besides, obese students' consumption of isotonic beverages, carbonated beverages, and fruit juice was reduced. Therefore, a positive change in dietary behavior appeared. Based on the above results, we confirmed that the nutrition education program focusing on reducing sugar intake applied with social cognitive theory was effective for improving the nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude and dietary behavior in sugar intake in elementary school students. Especially, this program showed the improvement in nutrition knowledge as well as dietary attitude and behavior in sugar intake among obese children. Since nutrition education during childhood significantly influences lifetime-health and disease prevention, it is necessary to develop theory-based nutrition education program and practice systematic and constant nutrition education in elementary schools.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.179-192
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to evaluate a nutrition education program designed to reduce sugar intake in preschool children. The nutritional knowledge, dietary attitude, dietary behavior, and food intake with a sweet taste in preschool children were tested before and after 4 weeks of nutrition education from March 8 to April 1, 2016. The preschool children were recruited in Dobong-gu, Seoul. The subjects were divided into two groups; educated (N=59) and non-educated group (N=40). Statistical analyseis were performed using SPSS 22. The nutritional knowledge about sweet tasting food was significantly increased (P<0.01) in the educated group and significantly decreased (P<0.01) in the non-educated group. The dietary attitude toward sweet tasting food was significantly decreased (P<0.05) in the educated group but not significantly changed in the non-educated group. The dietary behavior toward sweet tasting food was significantly decreased (P<0.05) in the educated group and significantly decreased (P<0.01) in the non-educated group. The major food sources of sugar intake were not significantly changed in either groups. The major food sources of sugar intake in the 5 years old children were yogurt products>sweetened breads>cookies/biscuits>chocolate>cereals>beverages>sweetened milk>sweet spicy chicken>Tteokbokki. Although there are some limitations in this study, due to the short length of the nutrition education and lack of active participation by the parents, the results suggest that effective nutrition education on sweet tasting food can bring about changes in nutritional knowledge as well as dietary attitude.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.301-310
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the nutritional knowledge, dietary behaviour and food preference of the employed women in Korea. This study used a constructed questionnaire as instrument tools. The results obtained were summarized as follow : The average score of nutritional knowledge was 18.4. The subjects who had breakfast irregularly were above 50%. The main reasons that they had breakfast irregularly were that they had no time to eat. Main meal styles for breakfast, lunch, and dinner were Korean foods. Most of the study subjects had used the cafeteria in the company for lunch if the company had the cafeteria. The subjects who had meals irregularly were 27.8%, and those who had overeating were 25.0%. The subjects tended to prefer Korean-style foods to American-style foods.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.777-786
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• 2006

This study was designed to investigate the relationships between nutrition education, nutrition awareness and nutrition knowledge of school food service employees. We analyzed 288 self-administered questionnaires. Most of the employees (89.8%) were with contract-managed food services, 45.1% were $41{\sim}50$ years old, and 45.4% had chef certification. Two-thirds of the employees received nutrition education on 'nutritionally balanced diet' and 'sources of calcium', whereas less than 50% received education on 'problems with carbohydrates', 'functions of iron', 'deficiency and sources of iron'. The degree of nutrition awareness was generally higher than the level of nutrition education experience. The mean nutrition knowledge score was 11.7 out of 20 possible points, The majority of employees correctly identified 'sources of calcium (91.8%)', 'functions of carbohydrates (91.4%)', 'sources of cholesterol (91.0%)', and 'problems with lipids (90.4%)'; less than 50% correctly answered 'sources of proteins (18.9%)', 'functions of iron (27.9%)', 'recommended dietary allowances (32.0%)', 'functions of lipids (40.2%)', and 'sources of vitamins (44.3%)'. A chi-square analysis revealed that the employees' actual knowledge did not differ significantly by nutrition education - with the exception of three topics; 'recommended dietary allowances', 'changes in vitamins during cooking', 'functions of water' - or by their nutrition awareness. Nutrition knowledge scores did not differ by sex, decreased with age, increased with academic background, and increased in careers of >10 years or that were contract managed. There were significant correlations between nutrition education scores and nutrition awareness scores (p<0.001); nutrition knowledge scores and nutrition education scores (p<0.001); nutrition knowledge scores and nutrition awareness scores (p<0.001).

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.299-309
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of nutrition education with nutrition services provided by dietitians who were placed in child care facilities from the Korean Dietetic Association. For this, we investigated the levels of nutrition knowledge and dietary intakes of children who attended child-care centers as well as dietary practices of children assessed by their parents. The treatment for children consisted of nutrition education and food service activities that are provided by the dietitian who have 3 to 5 years experience. Nutrition education was implemented during 10 weeks, 20 times, and a total 400 min and it's effectiveness was evaluated by questionnaire. Data were obtained for 123 children aged 4 to 5 years old who attended four child-care centers, one for a control group and 3 for intervention groups. Dietary intakes were investigated by measuring one-serving size and plate waste a of child for one-day dietary records before and after nutrition education. The levels of nutrition knowledge of children improved showing 70.80 points before to 83.45 points after nutrition education (p<0.001). Dietary intakes of the children after nutrition service increased significantly on cooked rice (133.66 g), Kimchi (19.41 g), side dish of meat/fish (48.40 g), and side dish of vegetables (24.88 g). Dietary practices of children after treatment also improved especially 'eat diverse meat, fish, egg, and bean' and 'never leave plate waste'. To summarize, this study pointed out that nutrition service and nutrition education provided by dietitians had influences on increases of the nutrition knowledge, dietary intake, and dietary practices. Therefore, placement of dietitians needs to extend to child care facilities from the 100 persons-over-capacity facility to the 50 persons-over-capacity facility, for providing professional service such as nutrition education and nutrition counseling.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2005

본 연구는 경북 경산시와 대구광역시 소재 중학교에 다니는 남${\cdot}$여중학생의 식생활 관련 환경지식과 환경의식, 그리고 환경친화적 식생활 행동 수준을 파악하고, 환경지식, 환경의식, 환경친화적 식생활 행동의 관련성을 분석하였다. 조사 대상자의 환경지식 평가 문항에 대한 인지도 평균은 $77.2\%$, 정확도는 $75.2\%$로 나타났다. 환경의식 점수는 5점 만점에 3.45점, 그리고 환경친화적 식생활 행동 점수는 5점 만점에 평균 2.9점으로 나타났다. 환경친화적 식생활 행동을 식품구매, 식사, 뒤처리 행동의 2개 영역으로 나누어 분석한 결과 식품구매 행동 2.7점, 식사 행동 3.0점, 뒤처리 행동 3.1점으로 나타났다. 환경지식, 환경의식, 환경친화적 행동의 관계에서 환경지식 점수가 높을수록 환경의식도 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 환경친화적 식생활 행동은 환경지식, 환경의식 수준과 상관이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 지식과 의식 향상을 위한 환경교육과 함에 행동으로 옮길 수 있는 실천적 교육이 필요함을 알 수 있다.