• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.130-138
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to analyze the change in the obesity index in girls receiving a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa), based on treatment duration, and to aid in nutritional counseling by investigating dietary habits and lifestyle. Methods: Anthropometric examinations were conducted on 62 girls treated with GnRHa from January 2010 through July 2014. Parents were asked to fill out questionnaires on patient dietary habits and lifestyle. Results: The group taking GnRHa for over 1 year had a higher rate of obesity increase than the group taking GnRHa for less than 1 year, but they had common habits related to obesity, which should be corrected. In addition, 69.2% of the normal weight group taking GnRHa for over 1 year gained weight, and needed more intensive programs, which include physical exercise and nutritional education. Although girls with precocious puberty showed a decrease in the intake of high-calorie foods with nutritional intervention regardless of treatment duration, they still had problems that needed improvement, such as shorter meals and lack of exercise. Conclusion: Girls with precocious puberty and their parents should emphasize maintenance of proper body weight, especially when treatment for over 1 year is anticipated. Consistent education in nutrition, ways to increase intensity and duration of physical activity, and the need to slow down mealtimes are important in managing obesity; doctors need to perform regular checkups and provide nutritional counseling.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.350-357
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze the dietary behaviors and food intake patterns by sex, based on the data of nutrition counseling of health medical examination. The subjects were 5811(3258 males and 2553 females) of groups taken comprehensive medical testing in Gyeonggi area, and the total period was from January 1, 2005 through December 31, 2005. The subjects are composed of 56.1% male and 43.9% female. The results of this study show that of the females group were higher than those of the males in the case of dietary patterns. The averages intakes of milk products and beverages were significantly higher in male. Animal food intake ratio in the meal was significantly higher in male. In view of these facts, the relation factors of nutrients intakes may vary by sex. The averages of nutrients intakes were higher in male compared to female. Therefore, appropriate nutritional education should be conducted so that they have a healthy dietary habit.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.734-742
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• 1993

본 연구는 당뇨병 환자들을 위하여 개발된 영양상담 시스템으로서 식사력 조사, 섭취된 식품의 영양분석 및 식단작성 프로그램으로 구성되었다. 식사력 조사 프로그램에서는 상담자의 식습관, 식품의 기호도 및 식이요법 등에 있어서 답변을 통하여 상담후 바로 식이요법에 도움이 될 수 있는 정보를 얻음으로서 문제점들을 파악하여 올바른 식이요법을 행할 수 있다. 섭취된 식품의 영양분석 프로그램에서는 하루에 섭취한 모든 식품의 섭취상태와 열량 및 영양소를 분석할 뿐만 아니라 당뇨병의 식이요법에 있어서 중요한 성분인 섬유소 및 지방 섭취상태를 분석 평가함으로서 상담자의 식사가 바람직한가를 평가할 수 있다. 또한 식단작성 프로그램에서는 상담자의 체중과 활동에 알맞게 산출된 열량에 따라 식품교환표를 이용하여 작성된 식사별 식품 구성표와 일일 식단표를 제공받을 수 있다. 이와같이 상담자는 자신의 식사력 및 식사에 대한 분석 평가를 통하여 식이요법의 중요성과 그릇된 식습관을 인지할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 자신의 열량 필요량에 알맞는 식단을 제공받음으로서 올바른 식이요법을 행할 수 있다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.12-26
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• 2022

Objectives: This paper aimed to provide an in-depth analysis of the factors influencing the dietary habits of male and female workers at a facility in Gwangju and their awareness of the same. Methods: A total of 32 workers were divided into eight groups based on work type, gender, and age, and focus group interviews (FGIs) were conducted. The FGIs included cognitive, behavioral, and environmental questionnaires based on dietary habits and the social cognitive theory. The interviews were analyzed by subject and sub-subject using audio recordings and transcriptions. Results: Male workers in the concerned company favored meat while female workers preferred vegetables, yet by and large, the preferences were irregular. Male workers living alone frequently ate ready meals and female workers often skipped meals. An analysis of the factors influencing the study subjects' dietary habits from the cognitive, behavioral, and environmental perspectives showed that the main factors negatively affecting their dietary habits were shiftwork, living alone, and drinking. Workers were unaware of these factors and their poor eating habits. Instead, male workers complained of poor cooking skills, while female workers complained of loneliness. Workers thus appeared to need the support of nutrition education and a counseling assistant to cope with this situation. Conclusions: The study identified the fact that the absence of nutrition education left the workers unaware of their poor eating habits. The workers would need counseling and support to help them build healthy dietary habits. It would also be necessary to focus on raising the workers' cognitive awareness of dietary habits and enhancing their behavioral ability to cope with bad eating habits through nutrition education that reflects the reality of their situation.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.275-289
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• 1989

The purpose of this study is to develop a computer system with data file and computerized programs for nutrition counseling. In this research, a 16 / XT personal computer (word : COBOL) compatible with IBM-PC/XT was used. Computer system developed for this study was as follows: Data files(food composition list, food exchange list, nutrition management comment, special diet therapy) were used for analysis the nutritional status and the ntrition education comment. (1) Programs for the nutritional status assessment 1) General information a) Name, age, sex, higher, weight, activity, disease and special diet b) Ideal body weight and Obesity assessment(Kaup index and Broca index) c) Rest and athletics status d) Biochemical data comparision with standard 2) Food Intakes 3) Nutrient Intakes a) Comparison of the amounts intaked with the recommended dietary allowances for present weight. b) Comparison of the energy composition rate intaked with the recommended dietary allowances for present weight. b) Comparison of the energy composition rate intaked with the recommended for present weight and ideal weight. c) Nutrient analysis by each meal and snack. 4) Food intakes from each food group and comparison with recommended 5) Special nutrient analysis. (2) Programs for the nutrition education based on nutritional status assessment. 1) Suggestion of number of food exchange group 2) Nutritional assessment and advise comments 3) Nutritional management comments 4) Special diet therapy In the study, the nutritioal status and nutrition education comments are based on individual data from nutrition counseling.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.799-809
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an individualized nutritional education programs on nutrient intake and nutritional status of patients with colorectal cancer who are undergoing palliative chemotherapy. Methods: Forty patients with colorectal cancer (19 experimental and 21 control patients) were recruited from a chemotherapy ward at S University Hospital in Seoul, Korea. The experimental group received two individualized nutritional counseling sessions and two telephone counseling sessions over 6 weeks. The control group received nutritional counseling after completion of data collection. Nutritional education included general guidelines for food intake while receiving chemotherapy, dietary guidelines for patients with colorectal cancer, daily meal schedules to overcome cancer, and dietary guideline for each chemotherapy side effect. Data were analyzed using ${\chi}^2$-test and t-test with the SPSS program 17.0. Results: Two group comparison revealed that the experimental group had significantly improved calorie (p=.038) and total protein intake (p=.001), and serum albumin percentage change (p=.040). Body weight did not increase but remained the same as the baseline in both groups. Conclusion: Study results indicate that this individualized nutritional education programs are effective in enhancing nutrient intake and nutritional status of patients with colorectal cancer who are undergoing palliative chemotherapy.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.752-771
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of sodium reduction education program of a public health center on the blood pressure, blood biochemical profile and sodium intake of hypertensive adults. The program continued for 16 weeks with an 8-week nutrition education and an 8-week follow-up to forty two subjects, 6 males and 36 females aged 46 to 80 years. Subjects received nutrition education including lectures, activities, cooking classes and nutrition counseling. Physical fitness, management of stress, and nutrition counseling were provided during the follow-up. The program was evaluated three times, before and after the nutrition education, and after the follow-up. Systolic blood pressure (p < 0.0001) and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.001) were decreased after completion of the program. Body weight (p < 0.005), percent body fat (p < 0.005) and body mass index (p < 0.001) were decreased, too. There were no significant differences in blood glucose, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides, while elevated levels of total cholesterol (p < 0.001) and LDL-cholesterol (p < 0.001) appeared after the program completion. Decreased intakes of vitamin A (p < 0.05), ${\beta}$-carotene (p < 0.001) and sodium (p < 0.001) were observed. Consumption frequency of noodles, soups, stews, kimchi, fishes/shellfish, seasoned vegetables, and salted seafoods/pickles (p < 0.05~p < 0.001) were decreased, while that of all food groups were not changed during the follow-up. Total score of nutrition knowledge related to sodium intake and hypertension (p < 0.001), and that of dietary behavior associated with high sodium intakes were changed positively (p < 0.001) only during the nutrition education. This sodium reduction education program, including the follow-up study showed positive effects on the blood pressure, sodium intake, nutrition knowledge and dietary behavior of hypertensive adults.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.188-196
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of nutrition counseling on diabetes management by determining changes in anthropometry and blood components as well as knowledge and practice of diet therapy and nutrient intake in 34 (male 11, female 23) type 2 diabetes patients. The knowledge and the practice of diet therapy, drinking, smoking and exercise were analyzed by questionnaires. Dietary nutrient intake were obtained from the patients by the 1 day 24-hr recall. Blood glucose level and blood pressure were measured before and 3 months after the treatment. The results are summarized as follows: Average weight (p<0.05) and body mass index (p<0.05) were significantly lower post-counseling. Fasting blood glucose levels (p<0.01) and postprandial-2hour blood glucose levels (p<0.01) were also significantly lower post-counseling. In lifestyle changes for self-management the patients showed significantly higher exercise habits post-counseling (p<0.01). Regarding their level of diet knowledge, they showed significantly higher levels post-counseling in six items such as importance of diet therapy for diabetes (p<0.001), principles of diet therapy (p<0.001), nutrient composition of foods (p<0.01), carbohydrate composition of foods (p<0.001), the prescribed calories (p<0.001) understanding food item and exchange units of cereals, grains (p<0.001) and fruits, juices (p<0.001). Regarding their diet practices, the patients showed significantly higher levels of practice post-counseling in keeping within permitted meal size (p<0.001), using food exchange lists (p<0.001), keeping exact meal times (p<0.01), and controling sweet foods (p<0.001). Protein (p<0.05), animal lipid (p<0.05), and vitamin C (p<0.05) intakes were significantly higher post-counseling.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.1411-1421
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 경희의료원 내과에 내원하고 있는 고지혈증 환자를 대상으로 12주 동안 영양상담을 통하여 식사조절을 실시하였으며. 이들 환자들의 apo E 유전자 다형성의 분포양상을 조사하였다 또한 그들의 식습관 분석과 더불어 영양상담 및 교육에 의한 식사조절이 apo E 유전자 다형성에 따라 혈중 지질 농도에 미치는 효과를 관찰함으로써, apo E 유전자 다형성과 식사 조절 후 혈청 지질 농도와의 상호 연관성을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 고지혈증 환자의 apo E 유전자 다형성의 분포양상을 살펴보면 apo E3/3가 70.6% . apo E3/4가 23.5%. 그리고 apo E2/3가 5.8%의 분포를 나타냈다. 일반적 특성인 연령, 몸무게, BMI, %IBW, WHR. 그리고 혈압에서는 apo E 유전자형에 따른 차이가 나타나지 않았으나 12주의 식사조절 후 모든 환자들에서 몸무게, BMI, %IBW, WHR, 그리고 혈압 감소의 경향을 보였다. 2) 고지혈증 환자가 평소 섭취하고 있는 식사 종류는 밥과 면류, 국류, 나물 및 무침류, 구이 및 조림류, 전류 및 볶음요리, 찌게류로 조사되었다. 3) 고지혈증 환자는 영양상담 후 포화지방과 콜레스테롤이 많은 음식의 섭취빈도가 감소하였고, 짠 음식 중 알, 젓갈류의 섭취가 감소하였다. 단음식과 인스턴트 식품의 섭취빈도도 감소하였다. 튀긴음식 섭취와 간식의 빈도도 감소하여 고지혈증 환자를 대상으로 실시한 12주간의 영양상담은 환자들의 식습관과 식품섭취 개선에 좋은 효과를 보였다. 4) 고지혈증 환자의 영양상담 전 식사는 탄수화물 : 단백질 : 지방의 비율이 64.2 : 15.7 : 20.1이었던 반면, 상담 후에는 그 비율이 66.0 : 15.7 : 18.3으로 지방의 섭취비율이 다소 낮아졌다. 또한 영양상담 이전의 콜레스테를 섭취는 236.0mg/day이었으며, 상담 후에는 109.8mg/day로 섭취량이 감소하였다. 5) 영양상담 전의 혈청 LDL-콜레스테롤은 apo E3/4군에서 164.2m조dl, E3/3군에서 133.4mg/dl 그리고 E2/3군에서 112.2mg/dl로 apo E3/4군에서 가장 높았고, 그 다음이 E3/3, 그리고 E2/3의 순으로 나타났으며 , 상담 후 apo E3/4에서 가장 많이 감소하였다. (13.3%) 영양상담 후. 혈청 총 콜레스테롤은 ape E3/4에서 15.6%, E3/3에서 8.5% 감소하였다(p<0.01). 혈청 중성지방과 VLDL-콜레스테를 수준도 모든 군에서 감소하였으며, 특히 3/3군에서 유의성있게 감소하였다. 그러나 HDL-콜레스테를 농도에는 각 군간에 차이없이 증가하는 양상을 보였다. Apo E3/4환자들에서 총 콜레스테롤과 LDL-콜레스테롤이 가장 크게 감소하여 식사조절의 효과가 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 6) Apo E 유전자 다형성에 따른 고지혈증환자에서 BMI의 감소량이 클수록 혈청 총 콜레스테를 수준이 비례적으로 감소하였지만(r=0.373, p<0.05), 혈청 중성지방과의 상관관계는 나타나지 않았다. 또한 포화지방의 섭취량이 감소함에 따라 혈청 콜레스테롤농도가 유의적으로 감소하였다(r=0.900, p<0.01).

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.571-579
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The objectives were to investigate the effect of a 12-wk intervention with behavioral modification on clinical characteristics and dietary intakes of young and otherwise healthy obese and to identify factors for successful weight loss. The goal was to lose 0.5 kg per week by reducing 300-500 kcal/day and by increasing physical activities. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Forty four obese subjects (BMI > 25) and 19 normal weight subjects (BMI 18.5-23) finished the 12-week intervention. Obese subjects participated in 5 group educations and 6 individual counseling sessions. Normal weight subjects attended 6 individual counseling sessions for evaluations of dietary intake and exercise pattern. Anthropometric and clinical characteristics and 3-day dietary records were evaluated at baseline and week12. RESULTS: Weight and serum triglyceride and free fatty acid concentrations in obese group decreased significantly with intervention. Intakes of energy, fat, and cholesterol decreased significantly in the obese. Active participation, realistic weight loss goal setting, and weight gain after high school graduation not during childhood were identified as key factors for successful weight loss. CONCLUSIONS: The 12-week intervention with behavioral modification resulted in reduced energy and fat intakes and led to significant weight loss and improvements of clinical characteristics in the obese. The finding that those who became obese during childhood lost less weight indicates the importance of 'early' intervention.