• 대한수의학회지
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2020

Johne's disease (JD) caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is a chronic, wasting infectious disease in ruminants that causes enormous economic losses to the dairy and beef cattle industries. The most effective way to eradicate JD is to detect infected individuals as early as possible and remove them from the herd. However, it is difficult to detect infected individuals early with the currently using diagnostic methods. Two serological diagnostic kits commercially used worldwide and a fecal detection test were compared using 298 serum samples and feces of cattle in this study to present an efficient diagnostic method. Although there was a high correlation between the 2 serological diagnostic kits (R² = 0.7473), kit A showed a higher serological positive rate. However, the correlation between fecal tests and serological diagnosis was very low. MAP was also detected in fecal tests in many serologically negative individuals. In the periodical diagnosis of JD, MAP was detected in the feces of only cows with the higher antibody titer to MAP. These results suggest that for effective eradication of JD, early detection of infected individuals by fecal tests together with the serological tests currently in use and by removal of infected individuals are needed.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2023

The rapid detection of bacteria in the oral cavity, its species identification, and bacterial count determination are important to diagnose oral diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria. The existing clinical microbial diagnosis methods are time-consuming as they involve observing patients' samples under a microscope or culturing and confirming bacteria using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kits, making the process complex. Therefore, it is required to analyze the development status of substances and systems that can rapidly detect and analyze pathogenic microorganisms in the oral cavity. With research advancements, a close relationship between oral and systemic diseases has been identified, making it crucial to identify the changes in the oral cavity bacterial composition. Additionally, an early and accurate diagnosis is essential for better prognosis in periodontal disease. However, most periodontal disease-causing pathogens are anaerobic bacteria, which are difficult to identify using conventional bacterial culture methods. Further, the existing PCR method takes a long time to detect and involves complicated stages. Therefore, to address these challenges, the concept of point-of-care (PoC) has emerged, leading to the study and implementation of various chair-side test methods. This study aims to investigate the different PoC diagnostic methods introduced thus far for identifying pathogenic microorganisms in the oral cavity. These are classified into three categories: 1) microbiological tests, 2) microchemical tests, and 3) genetic tests. The microbiological tests are used to determine the presence or absence of representative causative bacteria of periodontal diseases, such as A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, and T. denticola. However, the quantitative analysis remains impossible, and detecting pathogens other than the specific ones is challenging. The microchemical tests determine the activity of inflammation or disease by measuring the levels of biomarkers present in the oral cavity. Although this diagnostic method is based on increase in the specific biomarkers proportional to inflammation or disease progression in the oral cavity, its commercialization is limited due to low sensitivity and specificity. The genetic tests are based on the concept that differences in disease vulnerability and treatment response are caused by the patient's DNA predisposition. Specifically, the IL-1 gene is used in such tests. PoC diagnostic methods developed to date serve as supplementary diagnostic methods and tools for patient education, in addition to existing diagnostic methods, although they have limitations in diagnosing oral diseases alone. Research on various PoC test methods that can analyze and manage the oral cavity bacterial composition is expected to become more active, aligning with the shift from treatment-oriented to prevention-oriented approaches in healthcare.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.271-278
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• 2015

This paper develops an OBD Diagnostic Program (Program) using Visual Studio (C#), which was used to diagnosis malfunction information from OBD-II system vehicles. We accomplished this using the Program, Diagnostic tests, Board (STN1110), FTDI Basic Cable, Mini USB Cable, OBD Data Cable, and both hybrid and regular vehicles. The Program tests real-time data output, DTC output, sensor value output, engine RPM, waveform data, OBD type check, PID inspection, and whole monitoring. We found vehicles used in this research had 19 PIDs, which was within OBD-II regulations. We also gathered data on control and diagnostic code regulated by OBD-II system, such as, sensor output value, engine RPM, DTC output, each PID analytic value, OBD type, fuel mode, and whole monitoring result value. Using the data collected through the Program appropriately can lead to more effective diagnostic practices and contribute to education.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제57권10호
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• pp.1818-1821
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• 2008

Several off-line diagnostic tests which include the insulation resistance(IR), polarization index(PI), low-voltage AC, and recurrent surge oscillograph(RSO) tests were performed to assess the condition of generator rotor windings. The low-voltage AC and the RSO tests were performed on the gas turbine generator rotor winding to detect shorted turns. Before intentionally applying artificial shorted faults, it was confirmed by the low voltage AC and the RSO tests that the winding was in sound condition. For simulated shorted rotor winding turns, the RSO test detected the fault in the winding. The RSO test was capable of identifying the number and pole location of the shorted turns for a number of simulated shorted coils.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 Techno-Fair 및 추계학술대회 논문집 전기물성,응용부문
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• pp.93-94
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• 2008

Diagnostic tests were performed in three high voltage motors. These tests included insulation resistance, polarization index, ac current, dissipation factor($tan{\delta}$) and partial discharge magnitude. The rewind of motor stator insulation at rated voltage is assessed by the results of these tests. After completing the diagnostic tests, the stator windings of motors were subjected to gradually increasing ac voltage, until the insulation punctured. NO.1 and No.2 motors failed near rated voltage of 14.0 kV, respectively. These motors are lower that expected for good quality coils in 6.6 kV class motors. The breakdown voltage of No.3 motor was 15.0 kV.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.420-424
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• 2008

The new MOV(motor-operated valve) diagnostic system MOVIDS(MOV intelligent diagnostic system) was developed. Its remote diagnostic methods with high accuracy have improved the applicability. This enables the diagnostic tests and the evaluations of many MOVs not only at the valves but also in remote places like MCCs(motor control centers). The remote diagnostic ability of the new system reduces the cost and the man power for diagnosing MOVs and eliminates the danger of the toxic or radioactive environments to which workers might be exposed.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2006

During the diagnostic process of the various oral and maxillofacial lesions, we should consider the following: 'When should we order diagnostic tests? What tests should be ordered? How should we interpret the results clinically? And how should we use this frequently imperfect information to make optimal medical decisions?' For the clinicians to make proper judgement, several decision making tools are suggested. This article discusses the concept of the diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity and specificity values) with several decision making tools such as decision matrix, ROC analysis and Bayesian analysis. The article also explain the introductory concept of ORAD program.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제59권8호
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• pp.1423-1428
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• 2010

The results of off-line and on-line diagnostic tests performed on the stator winding of an air-cooled gas turbine(G/T) generator are reported in this paper. Off-line diagnostic tests included measurements of the ac current, dissipation factor(tan${\delta}$), and partial discharge(PD). Six epoxy-mica capacitors were installed in the three phases of G/T generator for performing on-line diagnostic testing with the turbine generator analyzer(TGA). The TGA showed that the normalized quantity number(NQN) and the PD magnitude($Q_m$) were high in phase A of the stator winding. Internal discharges were generated in phases B and C, and slot discharge occurred in phase A. According to the trend analyses of the NQN and $Q_m$ values available for insulation condition assessment for G/T generator stator windings, it was concluded that phases B and C were in good condition, whereas phase A has been significantly deteriorated.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.656-661
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• 2024

Evaluating the performance of a binary diagnostic test, including artificial intelligence classification algorithms, involves measuring sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. Particularly when comparing the performance of two diagnostic tests applied on the same set of patients, these metrics are crucial for identifying the more accurate test. However, comparing predictive values presents statistical challenges because their denominators depend on the test outcomes, unlike the comparison of sensitivities and specificities. This paper reviews existing methods for comparing predictive values and proposes using the permutation test. The permutation test is an intuitive, non-parametric method suitable for datasets with small sample sizes. We demonstrate each method using a dataset from MRI and combined modality of mammography and ultrasound in diagnosing breast cancer.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제25권10호
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• pp.786-790
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• 2012

A variety of diagnostic tests are widely applied in the field in industry to evaluate the condition of high voltage (HV) motor stator insulation. In this paper, the influence of temperature on the stator insulation diagnostic tests such as the insulation resistance, AC current, dissipation factor, and partial discharge measurements are studied and reported. The tests are performed with the HV motor stator winding temperature set between $40^{\circ}C$ to $80^{\circ}C$ in $10^{\circ}C$ intervals. It is shown that the AC current, dissipation factor, and partial discharge magnitude steadily increase with temperature, which suggests that temperature must be taken into account in the interpretation of the test results.