• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.30-34
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• 1996

This study was performed to examine the availability of using medaka (Oryzias latipes) in teratological test. Medaka embryos were collected within 2 hours post-fertilization and cultured in petri dishes containing buffered saline until hatching. The embryos were treated with 0.56 mg/l chlorpyrifos-methyl and 10 mM methyl methanesulfonate at 20 stages (about 35 hours post-fertilization). Eleven developmental features were selected and observed from 33 stages (about 9 days post-fertilization). Scoring system was developed and applicated for the measurement of potential teratological effects by the test compound. Chlorpyrifos-methyl did not induce teratological effect in medaka embryos. However, we found teratological test using medaka embryo reduced the cost, labors, period and space of experiment significantly compared with teratological study using rodents. Above findings strongly suggest that medaka embryo can be used as a lab animal model for teratogenicity test instead of rodents.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.325-330
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• 2007

Recognizing the ecological importance of forest gap formation for forest community structure, we examined the differences in species diversity between forest gaps and closed canopy areas for trees and shrubs in three developmental stages (seedling, sapling I, and sapling II) in a typical mixed broadleaved-Korean pine forest. We randomly placed 100 sample plots ($2{\times}2m$ for seedling and sapling I, and $5{\times}5m$ for sapling II) in forest gap and closed canopy areas of a 9 ha permanent sample plot for vegetation surveys of plants of each developmental stage in each habitat type. Even though the formation of forest gaps encouraged the occurrence of gap-dependent species and increased overall species diversity, there were no significant differences in species richness among the three developmental stages for both tree and shrub species (p>0.05). Comparing the two types of sites, statistical tests revealed no difference in species richness for trees, but highly significant differences (p<0.01) between forest types for shrubs for seedlings and sapling I, but not sapling II. Analysis of variance test indicated that there were no significant differences in species diversity among the three developmental stages of tree species (p>0.05) for both Simpson and Shannon indices. The variance for shrub seedlings was significantly different between forest gaps and closed canopy areas, but not for sapling I and sapling II. The analysis showed that the species diversity in forest gaps was significantly different from that of closed canopy areas for seedling and sapling I (p<0.01), but not for sapling II (p>0.05).

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.301-308
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• 2011

결빙억제제(CPA)의 종류, 농도 및 침지시간이 참전복 Haliotis discus hannai 발생배의 생존활성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 4세포, 담륜자 및 피면자를 dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol 농도별로 10분, 20분 및 30분간 침지하였다. CPA 침지 후 각 발생배의 발생진행률은 각 CPA 농도가 낮을수록, CPA 침지시간이 짧을수록 높았다. 또한, 피면자에서 비틀림전까지의 발생진행률은 4세포에서 담륜자까지의 것보다 높았다. CPA 침지 후 발생진행률 및 유생활성지수는 ethylene glycol에서 가장 높았다. 참전복 발생배의 냉동보존 효과를 높일 수 있는 CPA 및 농도는 ethylene glycol 2.0 M, 평형시간은 30분인 것으로 추정된다.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.147-164
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• 2007

본 연구의 목적은 어릴 때부터 대학생시절까지 성장하면서 각 시기별로 읽는 도서의 양 사이에는 어느정도의 상관관계가 있는지, 또 각 자료별 상관관계는 어떠한지에 대하여 밝히는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 설문지를 활용한 서베이 연구방법을 사용하여 시기별 자료별 독서량 등을 조사하고 통계처리 방법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다: 1) 대체로 특정시기의 일반도서 독서량은 다른 시기의 일반도서 독서량과 상관관계가 높다. 2) 특정시기의 만화 독서량은 다른 시기의 만화 독서량과 상관관계가 높다. 3) 특정 시기의 잡지 독서량은 다른 시기의 잡지 독서량과 상관관계가 높다. 4) 중학교 재학시의 자료별 독서량과 고등학교 재학시의 자료별 독서량 간의 상관관계가 높다.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2012

This study evaluated a sexed sperm ability to produce embryos by flow cytometer. Hanwoo bulls sperm were separated to X and Y sperm via Hoechst 33342 stained with near UV laser or performed the pre-sorted without near UV laser beam in flow cytometry. Pre-sorted sperm had significantly higher viability ($84{\pm}1.15%$, $p$<0.05) compared to other sorted groups in frozen-thawed semen. For fresh semen, pre-sorted sperm had the higher viability ($79{\pm}3%$, $p$<0.05) than those of the X and Y sperm ($44.7{\pm}1.67$ and $41.7{\pm}1.2%$) separated by differences of DNA content. On the other hand, pre-sorted and X sperm sorted according to differences in DNA content had significantly higher viabilities ($24.3{\pm}1.2$ and $25.7{\pm}0.9%$, $p$<0.05) compared to that of the sorted Y sperm ($13.7{\pm}1.2%$) in the hypoosmotic swelling test. The proportion acrosome reaction in the sorted X sperm was higher ($55.0{\pm}1.7$ and $45.0{\pm}1.5%$) than those of the sorted Y-sperm ($32.3{\pm}0.9%$, $p$<0.05). However, the sperm morphologies of the sorted groups were not significantly differences. In conclusion, the sex-sorting procedure by flow cytometry affected some characteristics of Hanwoo sperm. Further study is needed to determine the optimal procedures to enhance male and female embryos and sorting accuracy.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.30-37
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to verify the validity and clinical cutoff score of the Child Behavior Checklist for ages 1.5-5 (CBCL 1.5-5) for diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: 44 ASD infants and 100 normal infants participated. T-test, discriminant analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and odds ratio analysis were performed on the data. Results: Discriminant validity was confirmed by mean differences and discriminant analysis on the subscales of Withdrawn, Attention problems, Internalizing problems, Externalizing problems, Total problems, and all Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-oriented scales between the two groups. ROC curve analysis showed that Withdrawn, Attention problems, Internalizing problems, Externalizing problems, Total problems, DSM pervasive developmental problems, DSM attention deficit/hyperactivity problems, and DSM oppositional defiant problems significantly predicted ASD infants compared to normal infants. In addition, the clinical cutoff score criteria adopted in the Korean CBCL 1.5-5 for subscales of Withdrawn, Attention problems, Internalizing problems, Externalizing problems, Total problems, DSM pervasive developmental problems, DSM attention deficit/hyperactivity problems, and DSM oppositional defiant problems were shown to be valid. Conclusion: The subscales of Withdrawn, Attention problems, Internalizing problems, Externalizing problems, Total problems, DSM pervasive developmental problems, DSM attention deficit/hyperactivity problems, and DSM oppositional defiant problems significantly discriminated for the diagnosis of ASD.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.153-161
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• 2014

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of ambient thermal environments on the development of swallowtail butterflies (Sericinus montela Gray). Developmental durations and survival rates of S. montela were examined at two crucial developmental stages, embryonic and larval development, at varying temperatures ranging from $15^{\circ}C$ to $35^{\circ}C$. As expected, our results indicated that increasing temperatures decreased the developmental duration and survival rate of the eggs. However, the larvae and pupae showed maximum survival rates at $20.0^{\circ}C$ and $25.0^{\circ}C$, and the represented durations were similar to those of the eggs. Larval development was stage-specific, revealing that the fourth and fifth instars at the later stages were more susceptible to temperature variation. When considering both parameters, the optimal development of S. montela occurred within the temperature range of $20.0-25.0^{\circ}C$. The lower threshold for the complete development of S. montela from eggs to eclosion of adults was calculated at $10.6^{\circ}C$ by linear regression analysis. The estimated value is similar to that of other endemic insects distributed in temperate climate zones, which indicates that S. montela belongs to a small group of swallowtails adjusted to low ambient temperatures. From the results, we predict that the full development of S. montela could be achieved within the temperature range of $17.5-30.0^{\circ}C$. Embryonic development ceased at both test temperature extremes, and no further larval development proceeded after the third instar at $35.0^{\circ}C$. These results suggest that embryogenesis can be significantly influenced by slight variations in the ambient thermal environment that fall below the optimal range.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.427-434
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• 2021

본 연구는 보완대체의사소통(AAC)를 통해 지역사회 자립생활 지원에 기초자료가 될 발달장애인 당사자의 욕구와 의사를 밝히는데 목적이 있으며 나아가 발달장애인에 포용적인 지역사회를 구현하는데 기여하고자 했다. 이를 위해 2020년 8월 7일부터 9월 11일까지, 훈련된 조사원이, AAC 설문지를 활용하여 발달장애인 전문기관에서 추천받은 당사자 74명을 대상으로 1:1 면접조사하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 25.0으로 빈도분석, 교차분석, T검정 분석했다. 그 결과 발달장애인의 지역사회 자립생활에는 주거와 취업 등 지역사회 차원의 여건 조성, 적성과 기호를 고려한 일자리 등이 중요하며 시민으로서의 권리행사 등 사회참여에 대한 기대와 욕구가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 기존 대리인을 통한 연구결과와 다른 것으로, 향후 발달장애인 지원정책이 의사결정 지원에 의한 당사자의 욕구에 기초하고 '지역사회의 일원으로 지역사회 안에서 살아가는 일상적 삶'을 지향해야 함을 보여준다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.308-323
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to construct and test a predictive model for the quality of life (QOL) in mothers of children with developmental disabilities (DB). The hypothesized model included severity of illness, distress, uncertainty, self-help, and parenting efficacy as influencing factors, QOL as a consequence based on the Braden's Self-Help Model. Methods: The data were collected through a direct and online surveys from 206 mothers in 8 locations, including welfare or daycare centers, developmental treatment centers, and The Parents' Coalition for the Disabled located in two provinces of Korea. Data were analysed using SPSS/WIN 23.0 and AMOS 21.0 program. Results: The fit indices of the predictive model satisfied recommended levels; 𝛘² = 165.79 (p < .001), normed 𝛘² (𝛘²/df) = 2.44, RMR = .04, RMSEA = .08, GFI = .90, AGFI = .85, NFI = .91, TLI = .93, CFI = .95. Among the variables, distress (β = - .46, p < .001), parenting efficacy (β = .22, p < .001), and self-help (β = .17, p = .018) had direct effects on QOL. Severity of illness (β = - .61, p = .010) and uncertainty (β = - .08, p = .014) showed indirect effects. The explanatory power of variables was 61.0%. Conclusion: The study results confirm the utility of Braden's Self-Help Model. They provide a theoretical basis for improving QOL in mothers of children with DB. Nursing intervention strategies that can relieve mothers' distress and uncertainty related to disease and enhance parenting efficacy and self-help behavior should be considered.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.257-268
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• 2021

Phthalates and their metabolites are well-known endocrine disrupting chemicals. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) has been widely used in industry and the exposing possibility to adult is high. In this study, DEHP was treated (133 ㎍/L and 1,330 ㎍/L in drinking water) according to the OECD test guideline 443 to mature female mice and their adrenal gland were examined for histological characteristics and steroidogenic gene expression. The wet weight of the adrenal gland was increased in all administrated groups compared to control. The diameter of zona fasciculata (ZF) was increased by DEHP in both outer ZF and inner ZF but there was no difference in morphology of the cells and arrangements into zona between groups. In addition, the arrangement of extracellular matrix was not different between control and DEHP groups. CYP11B1 was mainly localized at ZF and the intensity was not different between groups. DAX1 was localized in zona glomerulosa (ZG) and ZF, and its expression levels were decreased by DEHP administration. Its level was lower in DEHP133 group than DEHP1330 group. On the other hand, CYP17A1 was localized in ZG of DEHP1330 group. These results suggest that chronic low-dose DEHP exposing may modify the microstructure and function of the adrenal cortical cortex.