• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.1934-1942
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• 2015

An estimation problem in the environment which GPS signals do not reach, should be solved by employing an indoor location estimation scheme. Location estimation schemes for indoor environments generally include the AOA, TOA, RSS, Fingerprint, and TDOA. For a ship environment where there exist many spaces enclosed by iron plates, the TDOA scheme is appropriate because location estimation is usually performed at a closed range. In this paper, we address the problem of estimating the location of a terminal under the ship environment. The problem of location estimation by using the TDOA is presented in detail, and then an algorithm for applying the estimation to the ship environment is proposed. Finally, the proposed algorithm of location estimation in a ship by the TDOA scheme is verified through simulations from three viewpoints.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.311-318
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• 2013

This paper deals with a noise reduction algorithm which uses the binary masking in the time-frequency domain. To improve speech intelligibility in noise, noise-masked speech is decomposed into time-frequency units and mask "0" is assigned to masker-dominant region removing time-frequency units where noise is dominant compared to speech. In the previous research, Gaussian mixture models were used to classify the speech-dominant region and noise-dominant region which correspond to mask "1" and mask "0", respectively. In each frequency band, data were collected and trained to build the Gaussian mixture models and detection procedure is performed to the test data where each time-frequency unit belongs to speech-dominant region or noise-dominant region. In this paper, we consider the correlation of masks in the frequency domain and propose a post-processing method which exploits the Viterbi algorithm.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.185-195
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose a video summarization technique on a smartphone, based on spatiotemporal saliency. The proposed technique detects scene changes by computing the difference of the color histogram, which is robust to camera and object motion. Then the similarity between adjacent frames, face region, and frame saliency are computed to analyze the spatiotemporal saliency in a video clip. Over-segmented hierarchical tree is created using scene changes and is updated iteratively using mergence and maintenance energies computed during the analysis procedure. In the updated hierarchical tree, segmented frames are extracted by applying a greedy algorithm on the node with high saliency when it satisfies the reduction ratio and the minimum interval requested by the user. Experimental result shows that the proposed method summaries a 2 minute-length video in about 10 seconds on a commercial smartphone. The summarization quality is superior to the commercial video editing software, Muvee.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.182-192
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose hand tracking system combined with color and motion information. Most of hand detection and tracking systems are performed by modeling skin color. However, in this approach, since it is highly influenced by light or surrounding objects, accurate values cannot be derived constantly. Also, depending on the skin color, hand tracking may be interrupted by not only the hand but also the background with a color similar to that of the face and skin. Therefore, we design the hand tracking that can effectively track a hand by using motion history image(MHI) and combining it with CamShift. The proposed system is implemented based on C/C++, and the experiments proved that the proposed method shows stable and excellent performance.

• ALGAE
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.177-187
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• 2020

Cyanobacteria have been widely reported to produce a variety of UV-absorbing mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs). Herein, we reported production of the unusual MAA, mycosporine-glycine-alanine (MGA) in the cyanobacterium Sphaerospermopsis torques-reginae ITEP-024 using a newly developed UHPLC-DAD-MS/HRMS (ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry) method. MGA had previously been first identified in a red-algae, but S. torques-reginae strain ITEP-024 is the first cyanobacteria to be reported as an MGA producer. Herein, the chemical structure of MGA is fully elucidated from one-dimensional / two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance and HRMS data analyses. MAAs are unusually produced constitutively in S. torques-reginae ITEP-024, and this production was further enhanced following UV-irradiance. It has been proposed that MAA biosynthesis proceeds in cyanobacteria from the pentose phosphate pathway intermediate sedoheptulose 7-phosphate. Annotation of a gene cluster encoded in the genome sequence of S. torques-reginae ITEP-024 supports these gene products could catalyse the biosynthesis of MAAs. However, addition of glyphosate to cultures of S. torques-reginae ITEP-024 abolished constitutive and ultra-violet radiation induced production of MGA, shinorine and porphyra-334. This finding supports involvement of the shikimic acid pathway in the biosynthesis of MAAs by this species.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.1217-1225
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• 2010

The possibility of a sodium-water reaction occurring in a conventional single-wall-tube steam generator in an SFR is a major problem. To improve the reliability of a steam generator, a double-wall-tube steam generator that can reduce the possibility of the occurrence of a sodium-water reaction is being developed. Current developments are focusing on improving the heat-transfer capability of a double-wall tube; further, the development of a leak-detection method to detect the occurrence of a sodium-water reaction during the reactor operation is also underway. In this study, new concepts, which will solve the above-mentioned problems, have been developed. Accordingly, a double-wall tube has been designed, fabricated, and mechanically tested for the purpose.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.253.2-253.2
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• 2014

Micro hollow cathode discharges (MHCDs) are high-pressure, non-equilibrium discharges. Those MHCDs are useful to produce an excimer radiation. A major advantage of excimer sources is their high internal efficiency which may reach values up to 40% when operated under optimum conditions. To produce strong excimer radiation, the optimisation of the discharge conditions however needs a detailed knowledge of the properties of the discharge plasma itself. The electron density and temperature influence the excitation as well as plasma chemistry reactions and the gas temperature plays a major role as a significant energy loss process limiting efficiency of excimer radiation. Most of the recent spectroscopic investigations are focusing on the ultraviolet or vacuum ultraviolet range for direct detection of the excimer. In our experiments we have concentrated on investigating the micro hollow cathodes from the near UV to the near infrared (300~850 nm) to measure the basic plasma parameters using standard plasma diagnostic techniques such as stark broadening for electron density and the relative line intensity method for electron temperature. Finally, the neutral gas temperature was measured by means of the vibrational rotational structures of the second positive system of nitrogen.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.35-39
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• 2008

Objective: Recently biophysical research has shown very weak radiation of photons in plant, animal and human cells. Biophoton emission of the aliving system has received specific phenomena because of its scientific potential for monitoring metabolism to human body. This paper proposes a new challenge possibility of the biophoton emission in biophysiological human condition index. Method: Biophoton emission were measured with twenty one healthy volunteers. The study analyses existence for the effect of specific acupoint stimulus, exposure to the sun and low temperature in healthy volunteers. Two photomultiplier tubes which spectral range was from 300 nm to 650 nm was used for the detection of biophoton emission observation of possible acupuncture stimulation effect at left hand palm. Result: There was a reversion of relative emission rates from the palms affected the environment condition. Otherwise, when the acupuncture stimulation, the emission rate was not enough significantly change(p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, biophoton emissions depend on the environment condition for all subjects. Measurments with the biophoton emission rate analysis might be much considered in future studies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.435-438
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• 2012

Today, In all fields, As combination of ubiquitous computing-based technologies between electronic space and physical space, has been active trend research about wireless integration sensor network between sensors and wireless technology. Also, but in ship is underway research about Ship Area Network(SAN) of intelligent ship to integrate wireless technology, ship is required SAN-bridge technology of a variety of wired, wireless network integration and heterogeneous sensor and interoperability of the controller and SAN configuration management technology of remote control. Ship keep safe of all the surrounding environment including crew besides structural safety and freight management monitoring. In this paper, for monitoring design such as on climate change detection and temperature, pressure about various structures, there identify technology trends for routing and data aggregation to use energy efficiency in wireless sensor network. And to analyze self-organizing clustering method, study For wireless sensor network configuration in ship.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.146-153
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• 2006

A passive microfluidic delivery system using hydrophobic valving and pneumatic control was devised for microfluidic handling on a chip. The microfluidic metering, cutting, transport, and merging of two liquids on the chip were correctly performed. The error range of the accuracy of microfluid metering was below 4% on a 20 nL scale, which showed that microfluid was easily manipulated with the desired volume on a chip. For a study of the feasibility of biochemical reactions on the chip, a single enzymatic reaction, such as ${\beta}-galactosidase$ reaction, was performed. The detection limit of the substrate, i.e. fluorescein $di-{\beta}-galactopyranoside$ (FDG) of the ${\beta}-galactosidase$ (6.7 fM), was about 76 pM. Additionally, multiple biochemical reactions such as in vitro protein synthesis of enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) were successfully demonstrated at the nanoliter scale, which suggests that our microfluidic chip can be applied not only to miniaturization of various biochemical reactions, but also to development of the microfluidic biochemical reaction system requiring a precise nano-scale control.