• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.136-141
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• 2010

The aim of this study is to investigate whether medetomidine (MED) and tiletamine/zolazepam (ZT) combination in dogs provide the sufficient analgesia during the period of the stage of surgical anesthesia determined by the response to the noxious stimuli, which were evaluated by the change of electroencephalogram (EEG) and hemodynamic values. Seven clinically healthy, adult beagle dogs were used. They were used repeatedly at interval of a week, according to a randomized design. This study had 2 experimental groups. In Group 1, dogs received $30\;{\mu}g/kg$ of medetomidine and 10 mg/kg of tiletamine/zolazepam. Both drugs were administered intramuscularly. In Group 2, dogs were medicated with the same method as in Group 1, except the pedal withdrawal reflex test was done. In Group 2, interdigital regions were grasped with a mosquito forceps for 30 seconds, every 5 min from 10 min to 45 min after ZT injection. During all recording stages, the power for each band, mean arterial pressure and heart rates were calculated. On EEG, no significant changes were observed between groups. Although mean arterial pressure and heart rate were increased 10 min after ZT injection, no significant differences were observed between groups. In conclusion, the MED and ZT anesthesia in dogs are seemed to provide a satisfactory analgesic effect during the period of surgical anesthesia based on EEG with pedal withdrawal reflex test.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1193-1199
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• 1966

More stable and higher yields in rice paddy depend mainly upon an adequately balanced supply of water for higher yield. Rice paddy is supplied naturally by rainfall but inevitably requires artificial supplenental irrigation for higher yields. Even though it may be true that the water requirement of rice plants is generally higher than those of other crops, the submerged condition is not necessarily required for rice. The moisture requirements of rice vary according to its growing stages and it is possible to increse the irrigation efficiency by means of lessening the loss due to percolation and evapolation in the field. This experiment was conducted on the effect of the various amount of water supply and different irrigation periods for yield and yield components, and was carried out to find out the most suitable irrigation method and to increase the irrigation efficiency for higher yields in rice paddy. Randomized block design with 3 replications was employed where the 3 levels of the amount of irrigation water; (120% moisture contents), unirrigated (90~100%) and more un irrigated candition (80~90% moisture content), and levels of the various irrigation periods; usual, initial, intermediate and final periods, being treated. The results obtained in this experiment are as follows: 1. As for the physical and chemical and soil properfies, and other characteristics, there are no differences among the treatments enough to be effective for the growth of rice plants. 2. Culm length was measured after harvest as shown in table 2. 3. Difference of the amount of irrigation water did not change the culm length and ear length, however it also indicated more apparent increase in final treatment plots thatn that of usual. 3. No difference in the number of ears and number of ears pers per hill was founded treatments both in the difference of water supply and in the various irrigation periods. 4. There is no difference in the maturing rate and 1000 grains weight. 5. The number of panicles and grains and more increased in 80~100% moisture contents soil than those of 120%. and it shows in un irrigated plots, more irrigated plots and control plots in turn. Other wise according to the period\ulcorner of irrigation the trend is appeared in turn initial, usual, final and intermediate treatments.6. Yield as shown in table 7. 8 was more increased in unirrigated plots(90~IOO% moisture content) than the control plots (120% moisture content) by up to 8.2% and also 3. 2% in more unirrigated plots than that of control by periods is shown: usual plots final, initial, inter mediate treatment plots in turn. 7. The above resutts lead to the conclusion that no remarkable, differences in yields and soil properties are made by the unirrigation. However, it is apparent that this treatment has .some advantages in the points that one could spare the amount of water supply for irrigation with more increase in yield. In addition, a higher temperature and a brisk oxygen supply would be possible throug h this treatments. Accordingly, these treatment would be a more reasonable and economical cultivation method of rice for the better harvest.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.282-293
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• 2019

Purpose: After developing and imparting knowledge of a simulation-based emergency airway management education program for nursing students, this study identified the effects of the education by evaluating emergency airway management knowledge, Clinical Performance Ability, self-efficacy, and critical thinking disposition. Method: The participants were 30 nursing students. Data were collected from October 14 to November 11, 2017, and analyzed using IBM SPSS Version 22.0. Results: The simulation-based nursing education program was developed and applied based on the ADDIE model involving five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. Comparing the pre-and post-education results, we observed statistically significant improvement when considering emergency airway management knowledge (t=-9.98, p<0.001), Clinical Performance Ability (t=-23.90, p<0.001), self-efficacy (t=-16.77, p<0.001), and critical thinking disposition (t=-5.04, p<0.001). Conclusions: Simulation-based emergency airway management training program is an effective educational program that enhances the emergency airway management knowledge, Clinical Performance Ability, self-efficacy, and critical thinking disposition of nursing students. We believe that the program developed in this study contributes towards improvement of patient nursing quality by enhancing the ability of nursing students to cope with emergencies in practice. Furthermore, it can be applied for educating new nursing students, and contribute to the development of nursing practices.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.187-192
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• 2020

In the past 20 years, accidents in the construction industry have declined in absolute numbers. On the other hand, disasters occurring at small and medium-sized construction sites account for more than 80% of the entire construction industry and are showing a continuous increase. A system for preparing a safety and health register in stages was enacted to preemptively prevent accidents by mandating responsibility for safety to owners with relatively strong authority in the construction industry. Considerable is needed to become an effective legal system. Although there have been many studies related to safety management plans and hazard prevention plans, there are no studies on the safety and health register. Therefore, in this study, an improved safety management procedure connected with the orderer's safety and health management procedure was presented as a plan for reducing accidents at small and medium-sized construction sites. All information was made as a data-based procedure to reduce the burden on the manager. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data for the development of a safety management support information system for small and medium-sized construction sites.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.595-597
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• 2017

Despite rapid growth of the global SW market, the Korean market still has a long way to go to impact global power nations. What is the reason that holds back of the No. 1 high-speed Internet country in terms of SW development? It is lack of the foundation for development of the Korean SW industry. In this context, the Korean government declared SW-oriented society and developed polices for each sector; Regarding movement that tries to apply the SW partitioning order institution in public sector to IT projects, this research aims to study SI project problems expected when conducting the SW partitioning order institution and improvements focusing on the public sector that accounts for about 30% of the entire SW industry. SW partitioning order institution is divided into planning-design and development-realization stages, which may cause problems when it is applied to SI projects. As such, the study analyzed SI projects and separate and partitioning order, exemplary cases and examples of industrial projects related to partitioning order, and drew improvement measures from institutional, technological and managerial viewpoints. The research aims to help people involved in IT projects sell SW at proper prices and improve the environment, and presents directions to create a system that strengthens competitiveness of the SW industry and SI projects by providing solutions to problems that suppliers and demanders should recognize before implementing the SW partitioning order institution.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.4A
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• pp.269-278
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• 2011

Recently, methods on minimizing environmental effect caused from human-made goods have been studied in various research fields. Such issue has been also spotlighted into the civil engineering field; however, application of environmental performance assessment on civil structures is very complicated, since they handles vast ranges of materials and has comparatively long life span with various construction stages. Thus, this study intended to apply environmental performance assessment into an ordinary type of steel box girder bridge, using most popular Life cycle assessment (LCA) procedures, which are called Survey-based method and Indirect method. For better comparison of two methods, greenhouse effect of the example bridge is considered. As result of analysis, total $CO_2$ emission is evaluated as 241.27 ton with Survey-based method while it is evaluated as 221.03 ton with Indirect method. It is also revealed that most $CO_2$ is generated from the process of manufacturing and producing construction materials. Such result indicates that the efficient design which secures certain level of structural safety with minimized input materials. It is considered that the specific LCA on civil structure performed in this study could be utilized to other civil structures for reasonable environmental performance assessment.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.315-326
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• 2020

Corporate efforts to build strong brands have made consumers interested in brand love. In the field of brand love, however, there is a lack of systematic research on the multidimensionality of the concept of brand love and on the scale development to measure it. Thus, based on the methodological research design of Churchill(1979) and DeVellis(1991), this study explored properties of brand love and classified them into two levels - 'emotion' and 'relationship' - and generated corresponding measurement items. To do this, the research was conducted in a total of eight stages, including preliminary studies such as literature review, open surveys, and in-depth interviews, as well as the main study process in which the factors were analyzed step by step. As a result, the level of emotion appeared to have five subcomponents (self-esteem, warmth, interest, responsibility, pleasure) with 19 items, and the level of relationship - three subcomponents (unchanging, sharing/supporting, understanding) with 11 items, adding up to a total of 30 measurement items for brand love with reliability, convergent and discriminant validity, and nomological validity. Additionally, we intended to expand the scope of research related to brand love by presenting the result model of organic interaction between the concepts that constitute brand love and proposing '4 categories of brand love strength' based on it.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1-19
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• 2017

This study set out to identify problems with amphibian habitation by the wetland types and improve their habitation environment in urban forest wetlands, thus creating a habitat for amphibians. Study site include forest swamps in Jatjul Park as well as Yeoji neighborhood Park in Guro-gu, and in Choansan neighborhood Park in Dobong-gu. The forest swamp in Jatjul Park gets its water from Mt. Maebong and it is a former escalated farmland-turned wetland. The swamp area is $2,500m^2$, a forest zone and a landscape planting site are 83.27% and 6.70% each. Target species Seoul pond frogs are inseparable from rice fields because they live in a short radius of and lay eggs in or near paddy fields, and Rana nigromaculata have similarities with Rana plancyi chosenica in choosing their habitats. There was need for paths that would lead to other paths so amphibians would spread to other parts of the forest and for measures to secure open water. Modifying a variety of routes for water, human and animals along with building a buffer to keep the core habitation zones were required. The forest swamp in Yeonji neighborhood Park used to be a water reservoir on the foot of Mt. Gunji. The swamp area is $1,980m^2$, a forest zone and farmland account for 80.61% and 4.88% each. Non-point pollutants from upstream along run into the subject forest marsh, bare ground on the around swamp and steep stone embankments obstructed amphibians. Target species was Bufo gargarizans that live in forests and edges of hills and spawn in deep water. The forest swamp in Choansan neighborhood Park gets its water from Mt. Choan and it is close to its water source that it is a mountain stream forest wetland. The basin and the swamp are $35,240m^2$ and $250m^2$ in size respectively. A forest zone accounts for 90.20%, high stone embankments laid in refurbishing the valley obstruct amphibians and there is water shortage in times of droughts. Target species were Rana coreana, Rana dybowskii and Hynobius leechii that live in mountain valleys, streams and wetlands and lay eggs in forest marshes and rocks in valleys. Looking into the three swamps of amphibian habitation, I came to conclusions that those wetlands were suitable for their amphibians but man-made facilities blocked their corridors leading to other corridors and even killed off target species in some parts of those swamps by destroying those parts. Amphibians live in water, on ground and underground at different stages of life. Hence, we should take this fact into consideration when planning their habitats and design core habitation zones, buffers zone and use zones accordingly. Buffer zones ought to be between core habitation zones and surrounding trees. Aiming at protecting core habitation zones, buffers should be in harmony with habitation zones. Use zones should be minimized in size and not in direct contact with core habitation zones.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.14-20
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• 2009

As the consumption of LNG has increased, the capacity and number of LNG facilities are getting bigger and bigger. Such circumstances supports the need for a dedicated risk analysis model to help review and check major issues of the safer construction and operation of LNG storage facilities systematically. Therefore this study suggests an appropriate risk analysis model that enables us to evaluate hazards of LNG storage facilities more easily and systematically, and then to use its result in siting, design and construction stages of the facilities. ill order to develop the model, lots of existing studies and domestic and foreign codes and standards were fully reviewed and a series of case studies also were carried out. The suggested model consists of 4-stage evaluations: in selecting a site, in determining a layout, in designing and constructing the facilities, and in operating them. This model also suggests the weather condition necessary for estimating the consequence of accident-scenarios, and the easy, systematic approach to the analysis of their probability. We expect that the model may help secure LNG storage facilities' inherent safety in determining their site and layout.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.577-582
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• 2020

Electricity produced at power plants is distributed to consumers through several stages of substations. At this time, an ultra-high voltage transformer is needed in the initial transmission stage to transmit a voltage suitable for each consumer. A high voltage, non-uniform electric field is formed at the end of the winding of the ultra-high voltage transformer, which carries a risk of dielectric breakdown. The winding of the ultra-high voltage transformer is an electrode, which is the key to converting the magnitude of the voltage. A non-uniform electric field is formed along the shape of the winding end, resulting in high electrical stress. The static ring installed at the upper and lower ends of the winding is used to disperse the stress at the winding end. Several variables should be considered when designing a static ring. Among them, this study examined how the curvature of the static ring, the thickness of the insulating paper, the number of barriers, and barrier thickness affect the electrical stress of the static ring using the Finite Element Method. Suggestions to be considered when designing the static ring are proposed through the FEM results.