• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.35-50
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• 1996

This paper is a review and assessment of 1122 articles on families in later life from 5 journals published during 1980 and 1995. theoretical and methodological issues family relationships in later life social support network caregiving attitudes and stress life satisfaction and stress of the aged and welfare system for the aged are the major areas examined. The review indicates that this area of research in quantity has increased rapidly since 195. Relationships between aged parents and their adult children focusing on caregiving attitudes behavior and stresses for supporting their parents among the children and adjustment/life satisfaction of the aged are dominantly investigated. However most of the research are non-theoretical and descriptive in nature and the influences of socio-economic variables such as sex health economic status and educational level on dependent variables are widely investigated. Future research questions and issues under the sub-ares of families in lat r life is provided. Further directions and suggestions for future research works on families in later life in general are provided with particular emphasis on conceptual and methodological issues.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.105-130
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to assess the statistical methods errors used in the journal of Oriental Rehabilitation Medicine(JORM) and to identify the types of errors in statistical analysis. Methods : We reviewed quantitative articles that were published in the JORM from January 2005 through October 2009. Those were not used by statistical analysis such as literature studies, case study, review articles were not included in this analysis. A total of 296 articles was reviewed. We evaluated the adequacy and the validity of the statistical techniques with our checklist established be modified Lee's checklist, and three statistical evaluators assessed together to minimize bias. Results : Of the 222 articles, 213 were used in inferential and descriptive statistics. Of those 80% of articles adopting descriptive and inferential statistics were detected having statistical errors. One articles used 1.7 statistical method unit generally. Most frequently employed statistics were student t-test, one way ANOVA. pearson correlation analysis, Mann-whitney U test, paired t-test, and chi-square test in their order. However, most frequent statistics having errors were similar in order. The most common statistic errors were as follow: 1. absence of normality test, 2. misuse between paired test and unpaired test, 3. wrong choice of repeated measures analysis without consideration of time variables, 4, increase of Type I error by using inappropriate multiple test, 5. inappropriate application of discrete or categorical data instead of continuous data in correlation analysis, 6. poor consideration of basic consumption in chi-square test, 7. confusion between frequency comparison and average comparison, 8. mentioning the statistical technique without using it. Conclusions : We found various mistake or misuses in the applications of statistical methodologies in the articles published in the JORM. Careful consideration of statistical use and review from the specialist of statistics are warranted for improving the quality of JORM.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.126-136
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze related factors for major nursing diagnoses used in caring for institutionalized elders. Method: This study was a descriptive study. The participants were 92 residents in a long-term care facility in Wonju, selected by convenience sampling. The instrument was a checklist designed on the basis of the related factors suggested by NANDA (1997) and a literature review. Data was collected by chart review, observation, and interviews with the participants. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics with the SPSS WIN program. Result: The most frequent nursing diagnosis was 'risk for injury', 'self-esteem disturbance', 'activity intolerance', 'impaired phyical mobility', and 'powerlessness'. The most frequent component for related factors for the five component for each nursing diagnosis was the physical component, followed by the social component. Common related factors for the nursing diagnoses were 'pain', 'change of emotional state/disorder', 'cognitive disorder', 'change of physical structure and function', and 'physical impairment', and 'immobility'. Conclusion: The results of this study can contribute to the development of appropriate nursing intervention programs for elders (eg. 'Injury Prevention Programs', 'Self-esteem Improvement Programs' etc.). Clinical guidelines that gerontological nurses can use to accurately assess health problems and select appropriate nursing interventions may be developed.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.77-87
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to review functioning components of studies for measuring functional information using International Classification of Functioning, disability and health (ICF) in Korea. Methods: A literature review was conducted and eligible studies were identified via search of RISS, KISS, DBpia, KoreaMed, PubMed, and ISI databases published from 2001 to 2015. For inclusion in this review, a study should be published in a peer-review journal, must have participation of Korean researchers and/or developed in Korea, and should provide functioning data related ICF. Descriptive studies containing only ICF concepts and review studies were also excluded. Collected functioning data in each study were analyzed using frequency based on ICF domain. Data assessment was performed by two independent reviewers. Results: Eighty publications were included in the analysis. The majority of studies collected data from clinical patients (n=38) and from the disabled (n=28). Fourteen studies assessed functioning data from the elderly and students under special education. The studies reported functioning data using various tools, including ICF itself, ICF checklist, coresets, and conventional measurement tools. Body function domain was most commonly used and the least used domain was the body structure across areas. Interestingly, increasing data related to environmental factors was observed in all studied populations. Conclusion: Functioning data was collected from four domains of ICF across professional areas. The most common collected data was body function and activity and participation for which conventional measurement tools are already available. To understand clients, components of environmental factors that might influence a person's functioning should be considered.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.108-121
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• 2009

Objective : This study was carried out to analyze and understand the trends of Atopic dermatitis papers Published in the Journal of Korean Oriental Ophthalmology & Otolaryngology & Dermatology(JKOOOD) Methods : We have reviewed 43 articles of atopic dermatitis which were published in JKOOOD during 1988-2008. All the papers are classified into three categories; original article, review article and case report. Results : 1. The number of journals associated with atopic dermatitis is 43 papers: 16 original articles(16/43%), 16 case reports(16/43%), 11 review articles(11/43%). 2. Classification of 16 original articles in terms of methodology: 11 experimental studies(11/16%), 5 descriptive studies (5/16%), 0 analytic studies(0%). 3. Classification of 16 case reports in terms of the number of patients: 1 person(8/16%), 2 persons(3/16%), 3 persons(2/16%). Conclusions : In this study, we analyzed the trends of Atopic dermatitis papers Published in the Journal of Korean Oriental Ophthalmology & Otolaryngology & Dermatology during 1988-2008. It is needed to adopt the qualitative methods of evaluation in order to develop a level of evidence.

• 아동학회지
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• 제5권
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• pp.3-20
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• 1984

The purpose of this paper was to review critiques on methodological problems relating to Piaget's researches in terms of its scientific nature. On the basis of review of literature, the following problems were pointed out: 1. Notwithstanding Piaget's emphasis on the scientific requirement for verification, Piaget was against the deductive method typical of scientific verification. 2. Piaget's theory was so vague that it couldn't be falsified. 3. Piaget ignored criticism of his method, and this was viewed as unscientific in the eyes of most scientists. 4. Avoiding the antecedent-consequence sequence of scientific experimentation, Piaget took the descriptive, rather than the explanative nature. 5. Piaget didn't accept individual differences in cognitive style in his research paradigm. 6. Piaget's experimental procedures looked very simple but they were too complex to understand what was happening. 7. Although Piaget's major ideas treated the child as the active constructor of reality, the child's experimental tasks were structured by experimenter. 8. Piaget's clinical method depended heavily upon language although the procedures required manipulation of objects. 9. Piaget always justified his experiments in terms of protocois selected from all the responses obtained. However, these protocols may not be the most representative responses or behaviors showing the child's cognitive structure.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.77-90
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• 2007

Purpose: Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death among children younger than 14 years old. The purposes of this study were to 1) provide a basic overview of child safety seats, 2) review car seat safety usage and misuse, 3) suggest interventions to motivate the usage of child safety seats. Method: The design was a descriptive study with literature review. Previous studies were searched of PUBMED, ProQuest and KERIS. Result: Child safety seats and automobile safety belts protect children in a crash if they are used correctly, but if a child does not fit in the restraint correctly, it can lead to injury. A child safety seat should be used until the child correctly fits into an adult seat belt. Conclusion: To improve child passenger's safety, educational, legislational and environmental enforcements are needed: educational interventions to promote use of child safety seats, strengtened legislation to mandate use of child safety seats, establishment of public acquirements.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.155-169
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to review the quantitative research literature on measuring caring in order to identify overall trends in measuring caring. Methods: Fifty three papers were selected from four databases including RISS4U, DBpia, KISS, and Korea Med. Results: The number of measuring caring papers has increased since 2000. Approximately 60 % of the total papers were descriptive and correlative design researches with convenience sampling. Jean Waston's theory was the most popular conceptual framework, but much of the research tended to be conducted without any conceptual framework. In that kind of research, 'caring' terms were used without definition. The most frequently used term for the concept of caring was nurses' caring behaviors. Also, 'nurses' was one of the most popular subjects. Thirty six measuring caring instruments were used. Twenty were developed in foreign countries and translated into Korean. The others were developed originally in Korean. Interpersonal Caring Technique - Communication Skills Scale, based on the interpersonal process model, was the most frequently used tool. Among the translated instruments, Coates' Caring Efficacy Scale was the most popular. Some instruments were used without validation. Conclusion: These results provide basic data on measuring caring and indicate directions for further research. In particular, validation studies of measuring caring instruments are needed.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.37-49
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• 2021

Purpose : This study aims to identify nurses' attitudes toward patients hospitalized after attempting suicide and inform directions for research and interventions to establish a therapeutic environment. Methods : For integrative review, the five stages suggested by Whittemore and Knafl were followed. Articles and theses published before February 2021 were searched using eight databases and a manual search. The search terms were suicide, self-harm, emergency department (ED), intensive care unit (ICU), nurses, and attitudes. Results : Five studies met the inclusion criteria; three of them were descriptive studies, one was a qualitative study, and one a mixed-method study. In most studies (80%), the participants were ED nurses. ED/ICU nurses showed positive or neutral attitudes toward patients. All studies suggested that suicide-related education programs are needed to increase nurses' positive attitudes such patients. Conclusion : More research is required on ICU nurses' attitudes toward patients who have attempted suicide, and efforts to identify various aspects of such attitudes are necessary. In addition, suicide education programs and support from trained psychiatric personnel should be provided to establish a therapeutic environment.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2019

Purpose: This review article provides an overview of the importance of breakfast by examining the relationship between breakfast and academic achievement including the papers published in Korean. Methods: This study searched a total of six domestic and international databases. The main search words for searching the database were 'breakfast,' 'morning meal,' 'adolescent,' 'teen or teenage,' 'children' and 'academic performance,' and used search operators when available such as 'breakfast AND adolescent AND academic performance'. Results: We searched a total of 274 studies through six databases and included a total of 15 primary studies in which 12 studies were cross-sectional and three were cohort studies. Since a quantitative integration of the primary studies was difficult to achieve such as performing a meta-analysis, this study performed a descriptive analysis of all the 15 studies and the results have shown that eating breakfast has a significant effect on academic achievement. In other words, students who regularly had breakfast showed more than twice the academic performance compared to those who did not have breakfast, and even though the math scores of students who had breakfast were statistically significantly higher, none of the study results inferred the reason. Conclusion: This study showed the importance of eating breakfast during adolescence by presenting that academic achievement increases with regular or more frequent habits of eating breakfast.