• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.29-33
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• 2005

Objective: Congenital dermal sinus is a rare congenital disease that results from the failure of the neuroectoderm to separate from the surface ectoderm during the process of neurulation, where there is communication between the skin and the deeper structures. Their pathogenesis, clinical course and treatment strategy are well known. We analyze our series and compare our results with other series. Methods: Twenty patients were diagnosed as congenital dermal sinus and confirmed pathologically from October 1986 to July 2003 at our hospital. We studied the patients' clinical manifestations, radiological findings and pathological profiles. Results: Seven cases were located in the suboccipital area and 13 cases were located in the spinal area. Interestingly, 4 of 13 spinal lesion cutaneous openings were located lower than the 3rd sacral body level. 8 of 20 lesions were terminated at neural structures, 4 of 20 lesions were terminated at the intradural portion and others terminated at the extradural portion. Nine anomalies were combined with the dermal sinus, including 4 lipomas, 2 Currarino's triad, 1 encephalocele, 1 myelomeningocele and 1 diastematomyelia. Eleven patients had dermoid tumors. Conclusion: Congenital Dermal Sinus must be surgically removed immediately if they are diagnosed. The surgical procedure of congenital dermal sinus is complete removal, but in some cases, complete removal is impossible. In those cases, we removed all epithelial tissues. We consider sacrococcygeal dimple almost invariably have no connection with intraspinal structures. But, if other cutaneous manifestations are combined with cutaneous pits, it can communicate with the sacrococcygeal dimple.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.34-36
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• 2012

In case of lateral cervical cystic lesions, the differential diagnoses include branchial cleft cyst(BCC), teratoma, dermoid, hemangioma and lymphangioma etc. But sometimes metastatic cystic lymph nodes may exist in lateral neck. In such circumstance, the primary lesions are known to stem from oropharynx, nasopharynx, salivary and thyroid gland etc. A-66-year-old-male came to our clinic, due to the lateral cervical mass for 5 years. We performed the neck CT, sonography and sono-guided FNAC. He was initially diagnosed with the benign cyst such as BCC. We performed the excisional biopsy on left level II, but the pathologic report was revealed as metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC). And then he received the total thyroidectomy with neck dissection. The final diagnosis was cystic metastasis from PTC. We learn a valuable lesson form this case in the following. Even if the simple cervical cyst is presumed with radiology and clinical pattern, more careful considerations on the basis of history and radiologic findings are mandatory.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.211-213
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• 2008

Epidermoid cysts located in floor of mouth can be easily removed intraorally. The cysts inferior to mylohyoid muscle have been excised transcervically. However, an intraoral removal of a cyst extended inferior to mylohyoid muscle has not been reported yet. A 20-year-old female visited to the hospital with a cystic mass in submental region. Neck computed tomography revealed a 6.0${\times}$4.3cm sized circumscribed cystic mass in midline of submental area. The cyst lied external to the genioglossal and geniohyoid muscle, extending inferior to mylohyoid muscle. The mass was removed successfully by intraoral approach. It was performed under the exposure by the division of genioglossal and geniohyoid muscle, traction of the cystic wall after aspiration of the cyst, and digital compression externally.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 1988

We have experienced 3 cases of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland seen as lateral neck cyst, Usually cystic lesions of the neck have been considered as benign lesions from clinical viewpoint. The usual differential diagnosis includes branchial cleft cyst, cystic hygroma, dermoid cyst, cold abscess(tuberculous lymphadenitis) and cavitating squamous cell carcinoma. A lateral neck cyst as the sole presenting complaint of the papillary thyroid carcinoma is very rare. Preoperative diagnosis of lateral neck cyst is often diagnostic dilemma. Fine-needle aspiration cytology can be helpful in detecting the cancer cells and in demonstrating the nature of the fluid component of the lateral neck cyst. Presence of brown murky fluid from the aspirated fluid is highly suggestive of thyroid carcinoma. The thyroid scans and B-mode ultrasonography mayor may not be helpful to detect the primary focus of the thyroid gland. We suggest that a patient with a lateral neck cyst in adult age group should be considered to be a possibility of underlying thyroid carcinoma presanting as lateral neck cyst.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.293-296
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• 2001

Mature cystic teratomas, commonly called dermoid cysts, are the most common benign germ cell tumors of ovary in women of reproductive age. Mature cystic teratoma that constitutes 10-25% of ovarian tumors and 95% of teratoma, is germ cell tumor of the ovary. This occurs frequently in women less than 20 years old, but it can be found upto 10-20% in postmenopausal women. And in women over the age of 50, a mature cystic teratoma is likely to change into malignant form. Traditional surgical methods of mature cystic teratoma treatment include transabdominal cystectomy, oophorectomy, hysterectomy and(or) bilateral salphingooophorectomy. Recently laparoscopic approach replaces transabdominal surgeries in many cases. Vaginal removal of mature cystic teratoma is unique and rare. Compared with laparotomy, transvaginal approach is characterized by shorter hospital stay and lower morbidity rate. Compared with laparoscopic operation, transvaginal approach has advantages of no visible operative scar and lower intra-operative tumor spillage. The decision for surgical methods is related with patients' situations and surgeon's preference. We report 1 case of vaginal removal of mature cystic teratoma as a part of vaginal hysterectomy in old age patient.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.589-592
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• 2008

Running title: A plunging ranula extended into parapharyngeal space Ranulas are lesion of sublingual gland origin, which occur in the floor of the mouth. Most ranulas, whether simple or plunging, are pseudocysts without and epithelial lining and ranulas have higher levels of salivary amylase and protein content. They can be classified into two types based on their extent: simple ranulas, confined to the sublingual space and plunging ranula which extend into adjacent spaces. Plunging ranula requires differential diagnosis with other lesions (neuroma, monomorphic adenoma, hemangioma, lipoma, dermoid cyst, lateral cervical cyst). The patient was diagnosed as plunging ranula. We experienced 17 years old male, visited to our department, who complain Rt. cervical swelling and in MRI view, this lesion involved sublingual, submadibular, parapharyngeal, skull base. We experienced a rare case of plunging ranula, extended into parapharyngeal space. We report the case.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.241-245
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• 1998

The plunging ranula or cervical ranula is amucous extravasation cyst of the sublingual gland. It is slightly common in females, shows no side preference, and is more prevalent in the second and third decades of life. It typically manifests as a painless, nonmobile swelling in the neck. The pathogenesis of plunging ranula is the discontinuities of the mylohyoid muscle in a position that would allow extravasation of sublingual gland mucin. The histologic appearance is characteristically of a cyst, devoid of epithelium or endothelium, with a vascular fibro-connective tissue wall containing some chronic inflammatory cells and macrophages stuffed with mucin. The correct diagnosis is essential for the most effective treatment, which is exicision of the sublingual gland. The plunging ranula must be differentiated clinically and histomorphologically from thyroglossal duct cyst, dermoid cyst, branchogenic cyst, lymphangioma, laryngocele, lipoma, hemangioma, cervial thymic cyst, cysts of the parathyroid or thyroid gland, lymphadenopathy, abscess, or tumor. We report a case and review the literatures, in our case, 23-year old man were diagnosis as plunging ranula after have been taken sialogam, MRI, etc. He underwent surgery via a cervical approach. The ranula reached the anterior neck by passing through a dehiscence in the mylohyoid muscle. A pseudocyst was extirpated. Although total sublingual gland excision was not performed, no recurrence was observed during 6 months follow-up periods.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.78-85
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• 1996

The authors reviewed 95 cases(46 men and 49 women) of the orbital tumors diagnosed histopathologically at the Department of Ophthalmology, Yeungnam University Hospital from March 1984 through August 1994. Seventy-five cases of benign tumors were found evenly in all decades, but twenty cases of malignant tumors were noticed more frequently in 1st, 6th, and 7th decades. The frequency of benign orbital tumors was in this order; dermolipoma(21%, 20 cases), dermoid cyst(11.6%, 11 cases), mucocele(8.4%, 8 cases), lipoma(7.4%, 7 cases) and pleomorphic adenoma(5.3%, 5 cases). Of malignant orbital tumors, the frequency was in this order; retinoblastoma(3 cases), malignant melanoma(2 cases), sebaceous carcinoma(2 cases), and maxillary sinus carcinoma(2 cases). Malignant orbital tumors of 8 expired patients were revealed as secondary or metastatic tumors.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.504-507
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• 2007

Purpose: Chondroid syringoma, previously known as 'mixed tumor of the skin', is a rare benign tumor. It usually presents an asymptomatic solitary firm intradermal or subcutaneous slowly growing nodule. It occurs frequently in the head and neck region of middle-aged men. We would like to report an uncommon chondroid syringoma about the clinical and histologic presentation. about the clinical and histologic presentation. Methods: We experienced two cases of chondroid syringoma on the nose and the upper lip, each other. Both masses were totally excised with clear margin. Results: On histologic examination, the masses showed a biphasic pattern-an epithelial component exhibiting apocrine/eccrine differentiation and a stromal component exhibiting myxoid/collagenous change-consistent with the diagnosis of chondroid syringoma. There have been no evidence of recurrence and malignant transformation during postoperative follow-up. Conclusion: There is no one distinctive clinical feature that is specific for chondroid syringoma. However, it should be included in the differential diagnosis of a solid nodule in head and neck region with long standing duration, such as epidermal inclusion cyst, pilomatrixoma, dermoid cyst, sebaceous cyst, neurofibroma, and basal cell carcinoma.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.63-66
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• 2011

Purpose: Cranial fasciitis is a rare type of benign tumor that occurs mostly in children younger than 6 years. It arises from the deep fascia, periosteum, or fibromembranous layer that covers fontanelles. The etiology is unknown, although prior trauma has been postulated to be an underlying cause. There is a 2:1 male predominance. Despite its rapid growth, this tumor has a benign clinical course and can be cured by total excision. Methods: A 16-year-old male presented with a 3 cm-sized palpable mass in the left lateral eyebrow region that he first noticed 4 months before presentation. The mass had grown rapidly since it was first noticed. Preoperative brain computed tomography showed a well-demarcated mass approximately 3 cm in size extending from the subcutaneous layer to the periosteum. Preoperatively, the presumed diagnosis was a dermoid cyst. An operation was performed with the patient under general anesthesia. The subcutaneous mass was completely excised by periosteal dissection. Results: Histological diagnosis revealed the presence of cranial fasciitis. After 20 months of follow-up, there have been neither complications nor evidence of local recurrence besed on clinical examination. Conclusion: Although cranial fasciitis is quite rare, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis for lytic skull lesions in patient whose clinical presentation suggests this possibility. This condition could be occasionally mistaken for malignant or locally aggressive lesions. To prevent local recurrence, curettage of the underlying bone is recommended for patients with bone involvement.