• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.31-39
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to how the music therapy effects to older person's self-esteem feeling and a emotional mood improvement after reminiscence therapy through songs. The object of this research were 10 old men and women, age of 67 to 90 with dementia, and mental and physical dysfunction, but can be self-walking and the stool was made up in social welfare center in the Yuseong-gu, Daejeon-city, The experiment of the research was done from June 18th until July 18th, week 2 each 50 minutes the total 12 times. This study was an experiment, the treatment of a same group before and after treatment. Before the first session I check the self-esteem and emotional mood. And after the final 12th session, post-therapy examination was conducted the same tests. The tools of Self-esteem test is the self-esteem scale developed by Rosenberg(1965) and Jun Byung-se(1974), which was translated. Emotional state check tools developed by MoNair(1992), which was translated by Yun Jae-ryang, and it can also apply to the Korean older person has been modified by Shin yon-hee. The results of changing mood state to 3 factors are as follows: The score of anxiety-depression factor changes from 50.42($\pm$14.15) to 35.10($\pm$10.60), and this is statistically significant.(p<.05). The score of anger factor changes from 11.20($\pm$4.39) to 6.90($\pm$2.51), and this is statistically significant.(p<.01). The score of vitality factor Changes from 30.00($\pm$4.27) to 23.90($\pm$5.09), and this is Statistically significant.(p<.05). For this research, I selected older person's favorite songs which have a positive lyrics and bright melody. And This has significance in terms give positive effects to older person's emotion which influence on their self-esteem and better mood positively. In the clinical treatment for the elderly to improve the positive sentiment and give practical assistance on the basis of this research is done to the future, And I look forward to the future development of a variety of music therapy.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.41 no.11
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• pp.302-309
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• 2017

Background: Large-scale land-use change is being caused by various socioeconomic problems. Land-use change is necessarily accompanied by changes in the regional carbon balance in terrestrial ecosystems and affects climate change. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the correlation between environmental factors altered by land-use change and the carbon balance. To address this issue, we studied the characteristics of soil carbon flux and soil moisture content related to rainfall events in mountain pastures converted from deciduous forest in Korea. Results: The average soil moisture contents (SMC) during the study period were 23.1% in the soil respiration (SR) plot and 25.2% in the heterotrophic respiration (HR) plot. The average SMC was increased to 2.1 and 1.1% in the SR and HR plots after rainfall events, respectively. In addition, saturated water content was 29.36% in this grassland. The soil water content was saturated under the consistent rainfall of more than $5mm\;h^{-1}$ rather than short-term heavy rainfall event. The average SR was increased to 28.4% after a rainfall event, but the average HR was decreased to 70. 1%. The correlation between soil carbon flux rates and rainfall was lower than other environmental factors. The correlation between SMC and soil carbon flux rates was low. However, HR exhibited a tendency to be decreased when SMC was 24.5%. In addition, the correlation between soil temperature and respiration rate was significant. Conclusions: In a mountain pasture ecosystem, rainfall induced the important change of soil moisture content related to respiration in soil. SR and HR were very sensitive to change of SMC in soil surface layer about 0-10-cm depth. SR was increased by elevation of SMC due to a rainfall event, and the result was assumed from maintaining moderate soil moisture content for respiration in microorganism and plant root. However, HR was decreased in long-time saturated condition of soil moisture content. Root has obviously contributed to high respiration in heavy rainfall, but it was affected to quick depression in respiration under low rainfall. The difference of SMC due to rainfall event was causative of a highly fluctuated soil respiration rate in the same soil temperature condition. Therefore, rainfall factor or SMC are to be considered in predicting the soil carbon flux of grassland ecosystems for future climate change.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 1998

저자는 치과용 레이저를 이용한 상아질지각과민증 치료효과를 임상적으로 평가하고자 상아질지각과민증환자 24명을 대상으로 각 환자마다 상아질 지각과민 치아 중 레이저로 치료 할 치아1개(실험군)와 치료하지 않을 치아 1개(대조군)를 선정하여, 치과용 air-syringe에 의한 냉자극과 치과용 탐침자에 의한 기계적 자극을 가한 후 Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)을 통해 지각과민증 정도를 평가하였으며, 이후 실험군 치아의 치경부 마모면에 광섬유 레이저에너지 전달방식의 펄스형 Nd:YAG 레이저의 일종인 Sunlase Master(Sunrise Technologies Inc., U.S.A., 파장 1064nm, 펄스지속시간 120(sec, 광섬유직경 320(m)를 사용하여, 0.3-1.0W, 10Hz 조건으로 환자의 반응에 따라 1회2분을 초과하지 않는 범위 내에서 비접촉식과 접촉식을 병행하여 3회에 걸쳐(초진 당일, 1일후, 3일후) 레이저를 조사한 후 처음조사 직후, 그리고 초진 1일후, 3일후, 7일후, 14일후 VAS를 채득하여 조사전과 비교, 분석, 평가하였던 바, 상아질 지각과민증이 각각 약 50%, 약36%, 약45%, 약 53% 감소하였으나 (p(0.05) 경시적으로는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그리고 24명중 9명에 대해서는 초진 30일 후 까지 레이저조사치료효과를 평가하였던 바, 상아질지각과민증이 처음조사 직후, 감소하였으며 (p(0.05)역시 경시적으로는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 초진 30일 후 상아질지각과민증이 초진 14일 후에 비해 약간 증가되는 경향을 보여, 레이저조사 치료효과가 약화되는 경향인지 여부에 대해 향후 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.안되었다.기란 현실적으로 불가능하므로, 본 연구에서는 이러한 제약점을 극복할 수 있는 근사적인 지체시간을 계산하는 방법을 제시한 점에서 의미를 갖을 수 있다.수들은 직업의 선택이나 소득을 예측하기 위한 요소들로 포함될 수 없었다. 따라서 후속연구에서는 이를 보완해야 할 것이며, 최근 들어 우리 나라에서도 재택근무에 대한 관심이 대두되고 있으나 아직 개념정의나 그 중요성과 가치, 그리고 실태 파악과 같은 연구가 활발히 이루어지지 못하고 있으므로 이에 대한 심층적인 연구가 행해져야 할 것이다.d similar flower proceeding dates in all branches. but "Daepung" showed similar flower proceeding dates in all branches.est in HB. Mean period of wetting duration was in the order of DS＞HB＞MB, while the dew point depression was greatest in DS.ANCOVA, Pearson correlation을 이용하여 분석하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 캠프 프로그램은 소아 당뇨병 환자의 자기 효능을 증진시키고 환자 역할 행위 이행을 높여주는데 효과적 이었다. 소아 당뇨병 환자의 자기 효능은 환자 역할 행위 이행과 순 상관 관계가 있어, 자기 효능이 증진될수록 환자 역할 행위 이행 정도가 높아졌다. 무조건 사주지 않는다(8.0%), 무조건 사준다(3.1%)로 식품광고에 나오는 식품 요구시 부모의 70.3%가 거절하는 것으로 나타났다. 거절 이유는 건강에 나쁘다는 것이 가장 큰 이유였으며 강남과 강북 어린이간에 유의적인 차이가 있었다(p＜0.001).

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.65-77
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• 2008

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine factors associated with the self-rated health status of the elderly and whether these factors were different from younger adults. Methods: An interview survey was conducted on non-institutionalized adults in Wonju City, Korea. Determinants of self-rated health status were identified and compared between individuals aged 19 to 64 years and those aged 65 years and over, using an ordered logistic regression conducted separately on these two groups. Participants were 1,685 younger adults and 188 elderly people. Self-rated health status was measured along a continuous scale from 0 to 100 (0 for the worst and 100 for the best they could imagine) and then binned into 11 categories. Results: Self-rated health status of the elderly in Wonju was associated with household income, education, bereavement, adequate sleep, daily and social life being affected by poor health status, mobility, and anxiety and depression. Household income, adequate sleep, and participation in social activities were significant only in the elderly, while some factors associated with the self-rated health status of younger adults, such as rural dwelling, regular exercise, living alone, and skipping breakfast were not significant in the elderly. Conclusion: In order to improve the health of the elderly in Wonju City, it would be necessary to develop programs addressing those specific needs of the elderly and to integrate them effectively in the Healthy City projects.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.102 no.4
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• pp.530-536
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• 2013

This study aimed to analyze and compare results from psychological relaxations by using profile of mood state (POMS) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) level as a scale of oxidative damage before and after walking in the forest and on the street. 29 participations (15 men and 14 women) walked in the forest and on the street for 30 minutes of each for two days. The participations filled a questionnaire for POMS and conducted an heart rate variability test, oxidative damage test (MDA as biological marker through a urine test) before and after walking. To compare the psychological states after walking in the two difference places, walking in the forest showed statistically more meaningful results in the section of tension, depression, anger, fatigue, confuse and total mood disturbance (p<0.01) than walking on the street. According to the MDA results, a concentration of MDA showed significant increase after walking on the street (p=0.014). On the contrary to this, a concentration of MDA tended to decrease after walking in the forest (p=0.076). The study showed that the psychological states were more stable and oxidative damages were more decreasing after walking in the forest than walking on the street. In the conclusion, MDA would be biological indicator for assessing the effect of alleviation on the oxidative stress after walking in the forest.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.151-163
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• 2011

Objectives : Our aim is to evaluate feasibility for massive clinical research and to make basic analysis of efficacy and safety of acupuncture treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome and idiopathic chronic fatigue. Methods : This study is a protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial. It was developed through literature searches and discussions among researchers. Results : Forty participants allocated to acupuncture group and wait-list group. Participants allocated to acupuncture group will be treated three times per week for a total of 12 sessions over four weeks. Eight points (GV20; bilatral GB20, BL11, BL13, BL15, BL18, BL20, BL23) have been selected for the acupuncture group. Participants in the wait-list group will not receive acupuncture treatment during study period and follow-up will be made in the 5th and 9th weeks after random allocation. Then the same acupuncture treatment as that performed to the acupuncture group will be made to the wait-list group. Fatigue Severity Scale, a short form of Stress Response Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, and Insomnia Severity Index will be used as outcome variables to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture. Safety will be assessed at every visit. Conclusions : The trial based on this study will be performed. The results of the trial will provide basis for the efficacy and safety of acupuncture treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome and idiopathic chronic fatigue.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.129-140
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• 2020

Purpose: Although the importance of life satisfaction in patients with chronic diseases has been emphasized, limited studies have been performed on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among elderly patients with chronic diseases. This study examined the HRQoL among Korean patients with diabetes aged 65 years or older. Methods: This study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2016. The analysis included data of 2,353 elderly patients with diabetes aged 65 years or older who were aware that they had type 2 diabetes. Each participant was categorized into one of three age groups (65-69 years, 70-74 years, and ≥ 75 years). The EuroQol-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) scale was computed to estimate the HRQoL. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to compare the demographic characteristics, lifestyle characteristics, nutrient intake, and EQ-5D scores between the age groups. Results: The intake levels of most nutrients were similar in the three age groups, but the total energy intake levels were significantly lower, and the sodium intake levels were significantly higher in the older age groups (p < 0.001). In addition, all items of the EQ-5D index, except for anxiety/depression, tended to decrease with age. In particular, the oldest age group (≥ 75 years) showed significantly lower levels on most items and the EQ-5D index than those in the other age groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Elderly patients with type 2 diabetes may have low levels of life satisfaction, which worsens with increasing age. Therefore, it is important to develop and manage personalized guidelines and medical systems so that elderly patients have a higher quality of life for the remainder of their lives. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data for the systematic management of diabetes in elderly Korean patients.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.747-754
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• 2011

Purpose: The Abbe flap procedure has been used to correct disharmony of the upper and lower lips as well as for making a philtrum for patients with secondary cleft lip deformities. But the Abbe flap procedure adds two scars in addition to the prior operative scar on the upper lip. This study was conducted to determine the treatment outcomes of esthetic subunit excision of the scar on the philtrum and Abbe flap coverage for correction of cleft lip deformities with photogrammetric analysis. Methods: This study investigated a total of 11 patients with cleft lip deformities who underwent scar excision with Abbe flap coverage, and the patients were followed up for at least 6 months. Under general anesthesia, a mushroom-shaped Abbe flap was drawn on the lower lip with a width of 8 mm and a height 1~2 mm longer than that of the philtral midline. The epidermis and dermis of the scar on the upper lip were excised. In the cases with alar base depression, the orbicularis oris muscle was split vertically and transposed to the alar base. The Abbe flap was harvested as a pedicled flap containing a small amount of muscle and this was rotated 180-degree to be inserted into the upper lip. Mucosa, muscle, subcutaneous tissue and skin were closed in layers. The flap was divided at the 7~14 postoperative day. The postoperative outcomes were evaluated by using photogrammetric analysis. Three indices were measured from the standard clinical photographs taken before and after the surgery. For anthroposcopic assessment, observers described the postoperative outcomes using an ordinary scale method. Results: The postoperative values obtained in the photogrammetric analysis showed improvement as compared with the preoperative ones. Improved anthroposcopic outcomes were also noted. Conclusion: Scar excision and Abbe flap coverage were proven to be effective in improving protrusion and the height of the upper lip, the scar of the upper lip and the symmetry of Cupid's bow and the philtral column, as well as formation of the philtral dimple.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.11-23
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• 2003

Objectives : The 1990s has seen advances in the conceptualization of self-perceived health status which has important roles for individual health and the quality of life. Many types of standardized questionnaires have been developed with the current wide use of SF-36, NHP, andEuroQol. However, the outcomes of these tools may be different with regard to regional, cultural and emotional backgrounds. The purpose of this study was to trial the development of a Korean Health Profile (KHP 1.0) to measure the self-perceived health stati of Koreans. Methods : The KHP 1.0 was designed on the basis of the Medical Outcome Study Form 36 (SF-36), the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), and the EuroQOL. It was composed of 9 scales; physical functioning, role limitation-physical, pain, general health, energy, social isolation, sleep, role limitation-emotional, and e-motional health. Self-reported chronic disease conditions, and the Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), were also checked for the evaluation of clinical validity. This study was conducted, from December 2000 to January 2001, on 800 middle-aged parents, with four high school students, with 100 retest sets being conducted two weeks later. From the 800 subjects there were 588 complete responses (effective response 73.5%). The reliability of the test-retest results, and the factor analysis on the validity of the KHP 1.0 components, were evaluated using the SPSS (ver 10.0) software. Results : The reliability of the KHP 1.0 was good with Cronbach's alpha (>0.6), test-retest correlation coefficients (>0.5), but with no significant differences from the paired t-test. From the psychometric validity tests, the 9 scales of the KHP 1.0 were divided into two components; physical and mental, and trimmed to the established model with 55% of the total variance, with the exception of role limitation-emotional. The clinical validity on the basis of the comparison for the four characteristic groups; healthy, physical conditions only, mental conditions only, and physical and mental conditions were also good. Conclusions : The KHP 1.0 appears to be a valid measurement tool of self-perceived health stati of Koreans, although there are limitations, i.e. sample size was too small, a limited number of middle-aged subjects, and it was based on unconfirmed diagnoses, etc. Therefore, further study is required to standardize the assessment.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.92-100
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• 2011

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)-related symptom severity, level of functional impairment and personality profiles between full-blown PTSD, partial PTSD and non-PTSD groups among 59 adolescent survivals from the Incheon fire disaster. Method : Using Short Screening Scale for DSM-IV PTSD, victims of the disaster were assigned to a full-blown PTSD group (n=18), a partial PTSD (n=22), or a non-PTSD group (n=19). Assessments included the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Impact of Event Scales (IES), the McBride's Degree of General Labor Loss, and the Korean Version of Temperament and Character Inventory (K-TCI). Results : Significantly severe PTSD symptoms (F=4.832, df=2, p<.05) and functional impairment (F=12.144, df=2, p<.01) were demonstrated by PTSD groups as compared to the non-PTSD group. Interestingly, full and partial PTSD did not differ in these comparisons. Similarly, the subtypes of PTSD did not differ with respect to personality profiles using the K-TCI ; however, personality profiles were sharply differentiated between the PTSD and non-PTSD group. Conclusion : Although high subject homogeneity and small sample size may limit the results of this study, the present results highlight the possibility of the underestimation as well as the insufficient, treatment and compensation of partial vs full PTSD.