• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.37-40
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• 2009

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM. Implant drivers are getting popular in clinical dentistry. Unlike to implant systems with external hex connection, implant drivers directly engage the implant/abutment interface. The deformation of the implant/abutment interface can be introduced while placing an implant with its implant driver in clinical situations. PURPOSE. This study evaluated the change of rotational freedom between an implant and its abutment after application of different insertion torques. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Three kinds of internal connection implants were utilized for the current study($4.5{\times}12\;mm$ Xive, $4.3{\times}11.5\;mm$ Inplant Magicgrip, $4.3{\times}12\;mm$ Implantium MF). An EstheticBase, a 2-piece top, a Dual abutment was used for its corresponding implant system. The rotational freedom between an implant and its abutment were measured before and after applying 45, 100 Ncm insertion torque. Repeated measures ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS. Under 45 Ncm insertion torque, the rotational freedom between an implant and its abutment was significantly increased in Xive(P = .003). However, no significant change was noted in Inplant Magicgrip and Implantium MF. Under 100 Ncm torque, both in Xive(P = .0005) and Implatium MF(P = .03) resulted in significantly increased rotational freedom between the implant and its abutment. DISCUSSION. The design of the implant/implant driver interface effectively prevented the deformation of implant/abutment interface. Little change was noted in the rotational freedom between an implant and its abutment, even though the insertion torque was far beyond clinical application. CONCLUSIONS. The implant/abutment joint of internally connecting implants were quite stable under insertion torque in clinical situation.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.283-291
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of TiN coating on the fatigue fracture of dental implant system with various cyclic loads. TiN coated abutment screw, the fixture, and abutment of internal hex type were prepared for fatigue test. The fatigue test was carried out according to ISO 14801:2003(E) using tensile and compression tester with repeated load from 30% to 80% of static fracture force. Morphology and fractured surface was observed by field emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope(EDS). The fracture cycle drastically decreased as repeated load increased. Especially, in the case of TiN-coated abutment screw, fracture cycle increased compared to non-coated abutment screw. The fatigue crack was propagated fast as repeated load increased. The plastic deformation region decreased, whereas, cleavage fracture region increased as repeated load increased.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.341-350
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• 2013

PURPOSE. To evaluate adherence of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) to transmucosal abutment of dental implant with different surface conditions with time and to investigate the roles of focal adhesion linker proteins (FALPs) involved in HGFs adhesion to abutment surfaces. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Morphologies of cultured HGFs on titanium and ceramic discs with different surface were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Biocompatibility and focal adhesion were evaluated by ultrasonic wave application and cell viability assay. FALPs expression levels were assessed by RT-PCR and western blot. RESULTS. There seemed to be little difference in biocompatibility and adhesion strength of HGFs depending on the surface conditions and materials. In all experimental groups, the number of cells remaining on the disc surface after ultrasonic wave application increased more than 2 times at 3 days after seeding compared to 1-day cultured cells and this continued until 7 days of culture. FALPs expression levels, especially of vinculin and paxillin, also increased in 5-day cultured cells compared to 1-day cultured fibroblasts on the disc surface. CONCLUSION. These results might suggest that the strength of adhesion of fibroblasts to transmucosal abutment surfaces increases with time and it seemed to be related to expressions of FALPs.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.375-379
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• 2015

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of tightening technique and the screw coating on the loosening torque of screws used for Universal Abutment fixation after cyclic loading. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Forty implants (Titamax Ti Cortical, HE, Neodent) (n=10) were submerged in acrylic resin and four tightening techniques for Universal Abutment fixation were evaluated: A - torque with 32 Ncm (control); B - torque with 32 Ncm holding the torque meter for 20 seconds; C - torque with 32 Ncm and retorque after 10 minutes; D - torque (32 Ncm) holding the torque meter for 20 seconds and retorque after 10 minutes as initially. Samples were divided into subgroups according to the screw used: conventional titanium screw or diamond like carbon-coated (DLC) screw. Metallic crowns were fabricated for each abutment. Samples were submitted to cyclic loading at $10^6$ cycles and 130 N of force. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (5%). RESULTS. The tightening technique did not show significant influence on the loosening torque of screws (P=.509). Conventional titanium screws showed significant higher loosening torque values than DLC (P=.000). CONCLUSION. The use of conventional titanium screw is more important than the tightening techniques employed in this study to provide long-term stability to Universal Abutment screws.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.9.1-9.6
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• 2018

The objective of this case report is to introduce a simple technique for simultaneously taking a closed-mouth impression and functionally generated path (FGP) for a full coverage crown restoration. A monolithic zirconia crown was the restoration of choice. An alginate impression of the abutment tooth was taken to fabricate a custom-made closed-mouth impression tray covering the abutment tooth and the adjacent teeth. The tray had an FGP table and an abutment tray in cameo and intaglio surfaces, respectively. The impression was taken with silicone impression material after adjusting the abutment tray and inscribing the FGP using self-curing acrylic resins. Plaster casts were made from the impression, and a zirconia crown was fabricated. The crown was cemented to the abutment tooth with minimal adjustments. This simple technique resulted in a well-fitting crown that accounted for mandibular movements. Using the custom closed-mouth impression tray incorporating an FGP table simultaneously aids in fabricating an accurately fitting restoration that incorporates harmonious mandibular movements using a single impression capture.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제48권9호
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• pp.654-663
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• 2010

The success in periodontal-prosthetic therapy lies in patient satisfaction with subjective and customized treatment regimen that has been refined for individual needs. To fulfill these requirements, multiple predictors may have to be taken into consideration in the comprehensive treatment planning. Incorporation of complex factors that guarantee the evidence-based therapy would include, but not limited to, osseous morphology, biotype of gingival around abutment, bone morphology of interdental bone and those around furcation area, abutment or bridge mobility. The periodontal-restorative interface should be of mutually protective. Also strategic and esthetic value of abutment teeth to be restored should also be taken into consideration. Taken together, all these should work in concert to enhance the predictability and longevity of abutment teeth in periodontal-prosthetic therapy.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study is a finite element analysis of supporting bone according to custom abutment angle. Methods: Implant fixture was selected with a diameter of 4 mm and the length of 13 mm. The fixture and abutment was designed by a combination of the abutment screw clamping force to produce a custom abutment model of $0^{\circ}$, $15^{\circ}$, $25^{\circ}$ and $35^{\circ}$. The loading condition of 176 N was applied to the lingual surface of the crown, near to the incisor edge, and horizontal load. An oblique load of $90^{\circ}$ was applied long axis of the implant fixture analyze the stress of supporting bone. Results: The result of mechanical analysis was observed that the supporting bone stress analysis of the horizontal load, the von Mises stress values (MPa) are given in the order of TH00 (432.6) > TH25 (418.0) > TH15 (417.4) > TH35 (415.8), the oblique load, the von Mises stress values are given in the order of TO00 (459.3) > TO15 (399.6) > TO25 (374.8) > TO35 (343.4) Conclusion: The $35^{\circ}$ abutment over the current clinical tolerance limits will be available for clinical application.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2016

When chewing forces are repetitively applied to a dental implant, gaps are often generated at the interface surfaces between the abutment and the fixture, which results in some deterioration, such as loosening of the fastening screw, dental retraction, and fixture fractures. To cope with such problems, a sealing-type abutment having a number of grooves along the conical-surface circumference was previously developed, and it showed better sealing performance than conventional ones. To enhance the sealing performance, a new model in which a gold ring is inserted into the top groove of the sealing-type abutment is developed in this study. In addition, a manufacturing process is developed, and performance evaluations, such as fatigue and sealing tests, are carried out. The evaluation results show that the gold-ring-inserted sealing abutment yields better performance than conventional ones.

• 대한심미치과학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.44-50
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• 1995

Abutment dies which resemble the actual size and shape of crown abutment is essential in most of the research area of fixed prosthodontics like marginal accuracy, crown seating, behavior of luting agent and so on. Seeing the large portion of research is done with round shaped dies in different size and cone angles, the necessity of research on the crown abutment is self-evident. 500 molar abutments were collected randomly through the commercial dental laboratoy, regrdless of their position in the dental arch, sex, and age. The measurements of 22 points of a die were done, and the results were as fogbows : 1. The height of the molar dies was $3.9{\pm}1.2mm$ 2. The bucco-lingual width was $8.9{\pm}1.2mm$ at the base, and $7.4{\pm}1.2mm$ at the occlusal. 3. The desio-sistal width was $8.2{\pm}1.2mm$ at the base, and $7.0{\pm}1.3mm$ at the occlusal.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.271-277
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• 2017

PURPOSE. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of implant connection design (external vs. internal) on the fit discrepancy and torque loss of zirconia and titanium abutments. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Two regular platform dental implants, one with external connection ($Br{\aa}nemark$, Nobel Biocare AB) and the other with internal connection (Noble Replace, Nobel Biocare AB), were selected. Seven titanium and seven customized zirconia abutments were used for each connection design. Measurements of geometry, marginal discrepancy, and rotational freedom were done using video measuring machine. To measure the torque loss, each abutment was torqued to 35 Ncm and then opened by means of a digital torque wrench. Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and t-test at ${\alpha}=0.05$ of significance. RESULTS. There were significant differences in the geometrical measurements and rotational freedom between abutments of two connection groups (P<.001). Also, the results showed significant differences between titanium abutments of internal and external connection implants in terms of rotational freedom (P<.001). Not only customized internal abutments but also customized external abutments did not have the exact geometry of prefabricated abutments (P<.001). However, neither connection type (P=.15) nor abutment material (P=.38) affected torque loss. CONCLUSION. Abutments with internal connection showed less rotational freedom. However, better marginal fit was observed in externally connected abutments. Also, customized abutments with either connection could not duplicate the exact geometry of their corresponding prefabricated abutment. However, neither abutment connection nor material affected torque loss values.