• Ocean Science Journal
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2005

Variations in species diversity and abundance of polychaete taxocenes that occurred in 1980-1989 under different contamination levels of bottom sediments were studied in three areas of Peter the Great Bay. The most polluted area was shown to be the Golden Horn Inlet where contaminant contents in the bottom sediments exceed the threshold values of negative biota alterations. Amursky Bay is characterized by a moderate level of contamination, while Ussuriysky Bay has the lowest level of contamination. Pollutant contents vary considerably within the same areas and their separate patches are polluted differently. An integral index characterizing the contamination of bottom sediments is proposed. This index is an average grade of the rank value of contaminant contents in sediments. The index was used to compare the contamination level and data on polychaete species diversity and abundance. The highest species diversity of polychaetes is found in the least affected zones. Monotonous decrease of the species number, as well as decrease in the indices of diversity and evenness, is correlated with pollution level increases. Significant growth of the average polychaete biomass and polychaete density is observed in the case of an increase of contamination from low to moderate levels. Conversely, the biomass and abundance of polychaetes decline following an increase in contamination.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.205-210
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• 2003

The aim of this study was to estimate the influence of 37 bp insertion/deletion (I/O) poly-morphism of the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-associated protein 1 (LRPAP1) gene on anthropometrical or biochemical parameters in korean general population. To determine the frequency of the genotype, we analyzed 244 samples of Korean origin. The frequency of the I allele was 0.55 in men and 0.56 in women, which were significantly higher than the frequency (0.26) that was reported in Czech population of Caucasian origin. In addition, the I allele of this polymorphism was significantly associated with higher value of body mass index (BMI) in our subjects by ANOVA test (P<0.05), and this association was maintained after controlling for age and gender by ANCOVA test (P<0.05). Thus, our results suggest that the I/O polymorphism of the LRPAP1 gene may be useful as a genetic marker for obesity in Korean general population.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.1109-1114
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• 2003

In this paper, task control architecture is proposed for a mobile robot with behaviors based on cognition theory to endow the robot intelligence. In the task control architecture, task manager is introduced especially for the management of computational resource. The management is based on classical RMS (Rate Monotonic Strategy), but with online rate modulation strategy. The rate modulation is performed using the value variances of behavior execution for the task. Because the values are based on natively uncertain sensor information, they are modeled using PDF (probability Density Function). As a rate modulation process, the range of the rate modulation is defined firstly by real-time constraints of RMS and discrete control stability of behaviors. With the allowable range, rate modulations are performed considering harmonic bases to maintain utilization bound without decrease. To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed rate modulation strategy, a simulation test is performed to compare the efficiency between the control architecture with the proposed strategy and previous one. A performance index with the formalization of propensity of resource allocation is proposed and utilized for the simulation test. To evaluate the appropriateness of the performance index, the performance index is compared with practical one through a practical simulation test.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.257-263
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• 2015

Recently two seismic cloaking methods of earthquake engineering have been suggested. One is the seismic wave deflection method that makes the seismic wave bend away and the other is the shadow zone method that makes an area that seismic waves cannot pass through. It is called as seismic cloaking. The fundamental principles of the seismic cloaking by variable refractive index were explained. A two-dimensional cylindrical model which was composed of 40 layers of different density and modulus was tested by numerical simulation. The center region of the model to be protected is called 'cloaked area' and the outer region of it to deflect the incoming wave is called 'cloaking area' or 'cloak area.' As the incoming surface wave is approaching to the cloaking area, the refractive index is decreasing and, therefore, the velocity and impedance are increasing. Then, the wave bends away the cloaked area instead of passing it. Three cases are tested depending on the comparison between the seismic wavelength and the diameter of the cloaked region. The advantage and disadvantage of the method were compared with conventional earthquake engineering method. Some practical requirements for realization in fields were discussed.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.44-48
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• 2013

Ultrasonic treatment of KOCC was tried to explore the possibility for improvement of KOCC quality as a raw material for making industrial packaging paper and paperboard. The effect of pH, stock consistencies and treatment times on the ultrasonic response of KOCC were investigated. WRV, apparent density, tensile index and burst index were improved as pH of KOCC slurry is increased. However highest tear index and stiffness were obtained at pH 8. It was also found that the highest WRV and strength properties could be obtained at 0.5% of KOCC consistency during ultrasonic treatment. WRV and most strength properties were improved with ultrasonic treatment time. It was found that ultrasonic treatment can be used as a useful mean for KOCC modificaton.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.02a
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• pp.367-367
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• 2013

Commercial applications of indium tin oxide (ITO) can be separated into two useful areas. As it is perceived to bear electrical properties and optical transparency at once, its chance to apply to promising fields, usually for an optical device, gets greater in the passing time. ITO is one of the transparent conducting oxides (TCO), and required to carry the relative resistance less than $10^{-3}{\Omega}$/cm and transmittances over 80 % in the visible wavelength of light. Because ITO has considerable refractive index, there exist applications for anti-reflection coatings. Anti-reflection properties require gradual change in refractive index from films to air. Such changes are obtained from film density or nano-clustered fractional void. Glancing angle deposition (GLAD) method is a well known process for adjusting nanostructure of the films. From its shadowing effects, GLAD helps to deposit well-controlled porous films effectively. In this study, we are comparing the reference sample to samples coated with controlled ITO multilayer accumulated by an e-beam evaporation system. At first, the single ITO layer samples are prepared to decide refractive index with ellipsometry. Afterwards, ITO multilayer samples are fabricated and fitted by multilayer ellipsometric model based on single layer data. The structural properties were measured by using atomic force microscopy (AFM), and by scanning X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. The ellipsometry was used to determine refractive indices and extinction coefficient. The optical transmittance of the film was investigated by using an ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.111-125
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• 2017

Swelling and shrinkage characteristics of expansive fine grained soil cause volumetric changes followed by distress and damage to the structures. Soil stabilization can be explained as the alteration of the soil properties by chemical, mechanical or any other means in order to enhance the engineering properties of the soil. Utilization of industrial wastes in soil stabilization is cost effective and environment friendly. This paper presents an experimental study on stabilization of expansive soil using industrial wastes, viz. fly ash and dolochar. The paper includes the evaluation of engineering properties like unconfined compressive strength and California bearing ratio (CBR) of expansive soil collected from Balasore district of Odisha stabilized with fly ash and dolochar in different proportions and to predict the influence of these additives on engineering properties and strength characteristics of expansive soil. Both fly ash and dolochar were found to increase the CBR and decrease many index properties such as liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index, swelling index and UCS, thus enhancing the strength parameters of expansive soil.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.691-697
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• 2014

Optical measurements of the morphological and biochemical imaging of phytoplankton are presented. Employing quantitative phase imaging techniques, 3-D refractive index maps and high-resolution 2-D quantitative phase images of individual live phytoplankton are simultaneously obtained without exogenous labeling agents. In addition, biochemical information of individual phytoplankton including volume, mass, and density of individual phytoplankton are also quantitatively obtained from the measured refractive index distributions. We expect the present method to become a powerful tool for the study of phytoplankton.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39C no.8
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• pp.637-642
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• 2014

In this paper, we propose a efficient shift index searching algorithm for design of the block LDPC codes. It is combined with the message-passing based cycle search algorithm and ACE algorithm. We can determine the shift indices by ordering of priority factors which are effect on the LDPC code performance. Using this algorithm, we can construct the LDPC codes with low complexity compare to trellis-based search algorithm and save the memory for storing the parity check matrix.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.248-258
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the associations of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with coronary artery diseases (CAD) in women patients with chest pain. Method: BMI, WC, and flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) were measured for 162 women patients with chest pain whose mean age was $54.9{\pm}9.2$ years. CAD was diagnosed by coronary angiography. Results: In comparing BMI and WC, WC was found to be more strongly associated with cardiovascular risk factors. For example, correlations with the high density lipoprotein cholesterol were r=-.266, p=.001 (WC) vs. r=-.131, p=.104 (BMI), and for homocystein, r=.378, p<.001 (WC) vs. r=.150, p=.068 (BMI). Obstructive CAD develops more frequently in women patients with abdominal obesity than in patients without abdominal obesity. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that WC is a better index of adiposity than BMI.