• Title/Summary/Keyword: delinquency

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Evaluation of Smoking Prevention Programme Targeted at Adolescents in Seoul Area (일지역 청소년을 위한 흡연예방사업 효과 평가)

  • Lee Chung Yul;Lee Kyung Hee;Bae Sun Hyoung;Seo Ku Min;Ham Ok Kyung
    • Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.74-79
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    • 2004
  • The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of smoking prevention programs offered to primary and secondary school students in Seoul, and to analyze factors related to smoking for these students. A quasi-experimental study design was employed and a total of 8,717 students for pre-test and 7,925 students for post-test were participated in the study. The smoking prevention programs included poster and slogan contests. smoking cessation workshop. distribution of smoking prevention pamphlets, reinforcement of smoking regulations, and operation of mobile smoking cessation booth. The results indicated that smoking prevalence decreased after the intervention. However. despite the reinforcement of the regulation related to sales of tobacco to adolescents. more than $50\%$ of the participants still purchased tobacco from stores, while $20.8\%$ obtained tobacco through their friends. Stress, juvenile delinquency, and pocket money were identified as significant factors associated with tobacco use for these students. In conclusion, smoking prevention programs with multiple intervention strategies were effective in decreasing the smoking prevalence among adolescents. Further study is recommended to conduct an experimental study using comparison group to control the effect of other social influences such as national smoking cessation campaigns.

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Intervention Program on the Child Neglect of Low-income Female-headed Families (저소득 모자가족 아동방임 개입 프로그램 개발 및 효과성 연구)

  • Park, Young-Hee;Shin, Hye-Seop
    • Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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    • v.44
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    • pp.146-177
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    • 2001
  • One of the difficulties of female-headed families face is economic hardship. Low-income single mothers work long hours, become isolated and feel burdened for dual roles. And many of them don't have relatives to share parenting roles. As a result, children of low-income female-headed families are easy to be neglected and left to form a delinquency-prone group in neighborhood. Traditionally, it has been viewed that children in female-headed families have problems due to the loss of father role. However, study indicates that these children can adjust well if the relationship between mothers and children is consistent and adequate. An Intervention program for low-income female-headed elementary children was developed and delivered in two community social welfare centers. The purpose of the program is to raise self-esteem. Two goals were 1) management of daily living habits and 2) improvement of family relations. Social workers maintained contact with mothers to talk about children's behaviors and to prompt hugging and touching. In addition, workers helped children to form good relationships with peers and school teachers. Children were satisfied with the program. Their family relations were improved statistically significantly after the program(wilcoxon signed rant test z=-2.934 p<.05). However, their self esteem were not improved significantly (wilcoxon signed test z=-1.173 p>.05). Qualitative analysis of each children were also discussed. The implications of the study are the followings: Intervention programs need to be delivered separately for low-grade and high grade elementary children because they have different developmental needs. The program also need to include education on sex and marriage as well as aggression reduction. Society needs to provide more support to single mothers for their personal and parenting needs.

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Psychiatric Characteristics of Adolescents with Minor Offenses and Follow-Up after a 6-Month Protective Disposition (1, 2호 보호 처분 청소년의 정신의학적 특성 및 6개월 보호처분 후 추적조사)

  • Chung, Un-Sun;Seo, Sang-Soo;Lee, Seung-Jae;Jeong, Sung-Hoon
    • Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.95-102
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    • 2010
  • Objectives : This study investigated the differences between the psychiatric characteristics of minor juvenile offenders and normal adolescents as well as differences in psychiatric symptoms after a six month protective disposition. Further, the current study aimed at determining psychiatric screening methods for evaluating delinquent adolescents. Methods : The Latent Delinquency Questionnaire (LDQ), the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS), the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), the Reynolds Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire (SIQ), the Piers-Harris Children's Self Concept Inventory (SCI), and the Korean Youth Self Report (K-YSR) were administered to 134 normal adolescents (114 males) and 109 minor offenders (97 males) aged 12 to 16 years. After six months, 46 offenders (all males) completed the RCMAS, CDI, SIQ, and SCI again. Results : Adolescents with minor offenses had more delinquent, aggressive behavior and externalizing behavior problems, but were significantly less depressive, anxious, or suicidal than normal controls. Further, recidivists had more anxiety, depression, and delinquent behavior than non-recidivists. Minor offenders reported that their anxiety and depressive mood decreased after six months of protective disposition. Conclusion : Adolescents with minor offenses had more delinquent, aggressive behavior and externalizing behavior problems suggesting that psychiatric screening tools for minor offenders should measure disruptive behavior disorder.

Risk Factors for Suicidal Ideation and Attempts in Adolescents

  • Kwon, Hoin;Lee, Jong-Sun;Kim, Ah Reum;Hong, Hyun Ju;Kweon, Yong-Sil
    • Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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    • v.29 no.3
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    • pp.114-121
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    • 2018
  • Objective: Although suicide is a serious public health concern for adolescents, there is a lack of studies that explore its risk factors in the Republic of Korea. The present study aims to investigate risk factors associated with suicidal behaviors in Korean adolescents. Methods: Participants consisted of 2258 middle and high school students who completed a series of questionnaires regarding suicide ideation or attempts, non-suicidal self-injuries, depression, impulsivity, drinking behaviors, and negative life events, including peer bullying. Results: Among the participants, 8.3% of students reported suicide ideation, while 3.2% reported a history of a suicide attempt in the past 12 months. Depression, peer-victimization, internet-related delinquency, and positive attitudes toward suicide were associated with suicidal ideations and attempts. Adverse life events were also associated with suicide ideation, but not attempts, while not living with both parents and poor family relationships were associated with suicide attempts, but not ideations. Non-suicidal self-injuries were associated with both suicide ideations and attempts. Students with suicidal ideations and attempts can be differentiated depending on the presence of self-injury. Conclusion: In addition to depression or behavioral problems, non-suicidal self-injuries and lack of support from family may also play significant roles in suicide attempts in adolescents. To facilitate the prevention of suicide in adolescents, longitudinal studies should be followed to confirm the risk factors identified in this study.

Estimating Adolescent's Changes in Overt Aggression : Tests of Effects of Ecological Factors on Individual Differences in the Changes (다층모형을 적용한 청소년의 외현적 공격성 변화 추정 : 변화에 있어서의 개인차에 대한 생태학적 요인 검증)

  • Kim, Dong-Ki;Hong, Se-Hee
    • Survey Research
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.21-42
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    • 2007
  • In the present study, we studied the change patterns of adolescents' overt aggression during the middle school 2nd to the high school 1st grades and the effects of ecological factors on the change. For the research goals, we applied multi-level models to the Korean Youth Panel data. Results showed that adolescents' overt aggression decreased significantly during the period. Gender(males recoded as 1) and self-control had negative effects on the initial status(middle school 2nd grade) while the number of delinquency peers had a positive effect. On the other hand, gender and self-control showed positive effects on the change rate. The major strengths of the research are the study of various ecological factors and the longitudinal design. Few studies of adolescents' aggression have incorporated these methodological and substantive characteristics.

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A Longitudinal Study of the Ecological-Systemic Factors on School Absenteeism in South Korean Children - A Panel Fixed Effects Analysis - (아동의 학교결석일 변화에 영향을 미치는 생태체계요인에 관한 종단연구 - 패널고정효과모형을 활용하여 -)

  • Kim, Dong Ha;Um, Myung Yong
    • Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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    • v.68 no.3
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    • pp.105-125
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    • 2016
  • School absenteeism is considered one of the early predictors of school drop-out and serious delinquency or criminal behavior. The primary goal of the current study was to explore the protective and risk factors related to changing school absenteeism over time based on the ecological-systemic perspective. The data was derived from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) using the 2011 and 2012 survey waves collected from 2,378 elementary school students. Using this data, Panel Fixed Effects Analysis was conducted. Major findings indicated that daily computer usage, parental abuse, school activity attendance, and school grades had an effect on students missing school days over time. Specifically, high levels of computer usage and parental abuse were related to increased school absenteeism, while high levels of school activity attendance and school grades were associated with decreased school absenteeism. These findings emphasized the importance of predictive intervention for children and suggested the need to construct a school absenteeism monitoring system in South Korea.

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Predictive Factors of Middle-school Students' Runaway Experience - About Individual, Home and Social Factors - (중학생 가출경험에 영향을 미치는 예측요인 - 개인.가정.사회환경 요인을 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, Kyung-Hee;Kim, Hee-Young;Kim, Su-Kang
    • Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.662-672
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    • 2007
  • Purpose: In recent years, the problem of runaway youths, which is rapidly increasing and worsening in nature, has emerged as a serious problem to individuals, home and the society as a whole. Against this back drop, this study was designed to illuminate the danger signals through extensive analysis of factors influencing the running away of middle-school students and, on this basis, build a forecast model on runaway middle-school students. Method: The subjects of this descriptive survey on the causal relation were 592 subjects enrolled in middle schools selected through convenience sampling. The data collected from June 19 to July 19, 2003 were analysed through the SPSS 10.0 program. The differences between the runaway group and the non-runaway group were determined through chi-square and t-test. Also logistic regression analysis was conducted on the basis of the purposeful selection method for constructing the forecast model. Result: The findings are as follows: Individual-related factors predicting runaway middle-school students were smoking experience, delinquent experience, psychosomatic symptoms and stress. A home-related factor was attachment to family. A society-related factor was the number of delinquency friends. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that a broad intervention program should be provided to middle-school students' culture related to runaway group. It is also recommended that a variety of individual, home and society-related programs should be developed for the runaway group.

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A longitudinal study for child aggression with Korea Welfare Panel Study data (한국복지패널 자료를 이용한 아동기 공격성에 대한 경시적 자료 분석)

  • Choi, Nayeon;Huh, Jib
    • Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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    • v.25 no.6
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    • pp.1439-1447
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    • 2014
  • Most of literatures on Korean child aggression are based on using the cross-sectional data sets. Although there is a related study with a longitudinal data set, it is assumed that the data sets measured repeatedly in the longitudinal data are mutually independent. A longitudinal data analysis for Korean child aggression is then necessary. This study is to analyze the effect of child development outcomes including academic achievement, self-esteem, depression anxiety, delinquency, victimization by peers, abuse by parents and internet using time on child aggression with Korea Welfare Panel Study data observed three times between 2006 and 2012. Since Korea Welfare Panel Study data have missing values, the missing at random is assumed. The linear mixed effect model and the restricted maximum likelihood estimation are considered.

Moderating Effects of Protective Factors on the Relation between Deviant Peer's Influences and Delinquency in Adolescence (청소년기 비행친구의 영향에 대한 보호요인의 조절효과 - 자아존중감, 부모애착 및 지도감독을 중심으로 -)

  • Park, Hyunsun;Lee, Sang-gyun
    • Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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    • no.37
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    • pp.399-427
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this study is to examine the moderating effects of protective factors on the relations between deviant peer's influences and delinquent behaviors in adolescence. To investigate the moderating effects, simple slope and region of significance test based on multiple linear regression(MLR) model were used. This study used data from wave 1-2(2003-2004) of the Korea Youth Panel Survey(KYPS). Results showed that for female adolescents, self-esteem, parent monitoring, and attachment to parent moderated the link between best friend's deviancy and delinquent behaviors. For male adolescents, however, best friend's deviancy and protective factors didn't show any significant moderating effects. These results help clarify the conditions under which exposure to deviant best friends can influence delinquent behaviors in adolescence. Practice and policy implications as well as further research topic were discussed to aid the search for highly effective preventive and treatment interventions.

A Study on the Effects of Student Pilot Stress on Psychological Health (학생 조종사의 스트레스가 심리적 건강에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Geun-Su;Kim, Ha-Young
    • Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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    • v.9 no.10
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    • pp.203-212
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of stress factors of student pilots on mental health, and to reduce the safe and efficient misconduct education and psychological disharmony by identifying the psychological buffering role of stress coping style and social support. In order to achieve the research purpose, a research model and hypothesis were presented based on previous studies, and regression analysis and mediation effect verification were conducted through a questionnaire survey of 202 student pilots. As a result of the analysis, factors such as flight stress, values stress, professor stress, and friend relationship stress have been shown to affect emotional conditions or psychological well-being. Also we found that the parameters of disengagement coping, family/friend support and organization Support had a mediating effect on the factors between student pilot stress and psychological health. Therefore, student pilots need to manage problems and negative emotions that may cause from flight training, value distractions, professor and friendships' relationship and it is suggested that organization support for training and safety related to emotional support and delinquency of family and friends.