• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.1-18
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• 2003

Quality is a critical competitive factor in today's environment because of the impact of quality on costs and delivery. Many companies regard quality as a key concept of company strategy in order to achieve the competitive edge. Measuring and reporting quality cost is the first step in quality management program. The supposition of quality cost model is that investment in prevention activities will bring rewards from reduced failure costs, and that further investment in prevention activities will show profits from reduced appraisal costs. In this study, the degree of quality cost deviation is conceptualized. This means a deviation between the ideal and present ranking in the amounts of quality cost categories. This study analysed that the effect of its deviation on quality management activity and performance variables. However, there are no difference in these variables. The major reason is that most of companies are endeavoring for quality management but operating quality cost system unsystematically. The review against a prevention and appraisal activity is necessary.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2006

The purpose of this study examines difference of cunsumer satisfaction by expected selection attribute of wedding dress and bride make-up. It is looking into influencing variables in consumer satisfaction, and is supplying real information to wedding market. The subjects of this study were 241 women getting married within one year of Daegu. The data were analyzed by using frequency, mean, the standard deviation, ANOVA, duncan test, correlation analysis, cross-analysis. Conclusion obtained from the results and discussions of the research are as follows: 1) In the attribution of expected selection according to occupation, blue-collar women are concerned about cost factor but they are low content with the perceptual satisfaction factor. 2) When selecting places for wedding dresses and wedding make-up, in the attribute of expected selection about the number of visiting the shop for wedding dresses and make-up, people who visit over 7 dress shops are highly interested in the appearance fancy degree, advertisements effect factors. But they are concerned with advertisements effect factor, cost factor in the perceptual satisfaction factor about wedding dress. Besides, the more they get chances to visit many dress shops, they are concerned with advertisements, cost factors, and satisfied with both the effect of advertisements and appearance factor degree in the attribution of expected selection about wedding make-up. 3) In the attribution of expected selection about the cost of wedding dresses and make-up, the lower the cost paid, people are interested in price factor. Furthermore, in the attribution of expected selection about the wedding dress and make-up cost, those who spent over 150 million Won are interested in quality, others influence factor, and the case of less than 120~150 million Won, people are highly interested in the appearance fancy degree, advertisements effect factor, and the women are satisfied with the advertisement effect factor in the perceptual satisfaction factor of wedding make-up.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.110-121
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• 2016

The primary aim of the color constancy algorithm is to estimate illuminant chromaticity. There are various statistical-based, learning-based and combinational-based color constancy algorithms already exist. However, the statistical-based algorithms can only perform well on images that satisfy certain assumptions, learning-based methods are complex methods that require proper preprocessing and training data, and combinational-based methods depend on either pre-determined or dynamically varying weights, which are difficult to determine and prone to error. Therefore, this paper presents a new optimization based illuminant estimation method which is free from complex preprocessing and can estimate the illuminant under different environmental conditions. A strong color cast always has an odd standard deviation value in one of the RGB channels. Based on this observation, a cost function called the degree of illuminant tinge(DIT) is proposed to determine the quality of illuminant color-calibrated images. This DIT is formulated in such a way that the image scene under standard illuminant (d65) has lower DIT value compared to the same scene under different illuminant. Here, a swarm intelligence based particle swarm optimizer(PSO) is used to find the optimum illuminant of the given image that minimizes the degree of illuminant tinge. The proposed method is evaluated using real-world datasets and the experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

• Particle and aerosol research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.31-47
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• 2020

Although interest in air quality has increased due to the frequent occurrence of high-concentration fine particulate matter recently, the official fine particulate matter measuring network has failed to provide spatial detailed air quality information. This is because current measurement equipment has a high cost of installation and maintenance, which limits the composition of the measuring network at high resolution. To compensate for the limitations of the current official measuring network, this study constructed a spatial high density measuring network using the fine particulate matter simple measuring device developed by Observer, W-Station. W-Station installed 48 units on Jeju Island and measured PM_2.5 for six months. The data collected in W-Station were corrected by applying the first regression equation for each section, and these measurements were compared and analyzed based on the official measurements installed in Jeju Island. As a result, the time series of PM_2.5 concentrations measured in W-Station showed concentration characteristics similar to those of the environmental pollution measuring network. In particular, the results of comparing the measurements of W-Station within a 2 km radius of the reference station and the reference station showed that the coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.79, 0.81, 0.67, respectively. In addition, for W-Station within a 1 km radius, the coefficient of determination was 0.85, 0.82, 0.68, respectively, showing slightly higher correlation. In addition, the local concentration deviation of some regions could be confirmed through 48 high density measuring networks. These results show that if a network of measurements is constructed with adequate spatial distribution using a number of simple meters with a certain degree of proven performance, the measurements are effective in monitoring local air quality and can be fully utilized to supplement or replace formal measurements.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.465-502
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was to find out the general characteristics of school health teachers, the status of school health resources and the degrees of self-confident performance for the 124 school health teachers in Pusan City. Data was collected by means of questionaires from Aug. 1986 to Mar. 1987. The data were analyzed by use of percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson-correlation coefficient. The results of this study were as follows: 1 . General Characteristics of School Health Teachers (SHT) 1) The average of age of the SHT was 32.8 years old and 39.5% of them were from 30 to 34 years old. 2) The average for school nursing experience of the SHT was 7.9 years and 37.9% of them were from 5 to 9 years. 3) The 45.2% of them have not the clinical experience. 4) The 74.2% of them were graduated from the 3 years college of nursing. 2. Status of school health resources and nursing activities. 1) The average of student number was 2497.3 and class number was 45.2. 2) The average of school health budget was 1039000 won and 27.7% of school health budget expended on examination cost. 3) Only 29.0% of all schools have organization for school health. 4) The 84.7% of all schools have health clinic separately and 69.1% of schools have less than $33m^2$ sized. 5) The average of clinic visitor number was 2111.8 for 1 year. 6) Major problem was on digestive system. And other problems were skin, respiratory, musculo-skeletal system and dental problem. 7) The number of literal message was 14.4 times for 1 year. 3. The degree of the school health teachers' self-confidence. The school health teachers' self-confidence was deviced into 6 and the maximum degree was 4. 1) Program planning & evaluation; 2.8 2) Clinic management; 2.9 3) Health education, 3.0 4) Management of school environment; 2.7 5) Health care services; 2.7 6) Operating of school health organization; 2.4 4. Significances to the degree of self-confidence on school health nursing activities. 1) There was significant difference between clinical management and Religion (t=2.15 p<.05) 2) There was significant difference between Operating of school health organization and level of school (F=3.588 p<.05) 3) Program planning & evaluation: expending time for clinical management (r=-0.184 p<.05) expending time for health care services (r=0.273 p<.01) 4) Clinical management: use of separate health clinic (r=0.151 p<.05) 5) Health education: use of separate health clinic (r=0.170 p<0.5) 6) Health care services: No. of student (r=-0.144 p<0.5) No. of class (r=-0.160 p<.05) 5. The degree of the school health teachers' self-discipline. The school health teachers' self-discipline was devided into 2 and the maximum degree was 2. 1) Program planning & evaluation:1.8 2) Clinic management: 1.9 3) Health education: 1.9 4) Management of school environment: 1.7 5) Health care services: 1.8 6) Operating of school health organization.: 1.3 6. Significances to the degree of self-discipline on school health nursing activities 1) Program planning & evaluation; Level of nursing education (F=4.309 p<.01) 2) Clinical management: Level of nursing education (F=3.587 p<.05) 3) Operating of school health organization: School health organization (t=-2.68 p<.01) 4) Health care services: School health organization (t=2,58 p<.05) 5) School health performance: School health organization (t=2.32 p<.05) 6) Program planning & evaluation: School health experience (r=0.239 p<.01) Expending time for program planning & evaluation (r=-0.172 p<.05) 7) Clinic management: School health experience (r=0.249 p<.01) Expending time for dinic management (r=0.181 p<.05) No. of student (r=-0.158 p<.05) Expending time of program planning & evaluation (r=-0.199 p<0.5) 8) Health education: School health experience (r=0.234 p<0.1) Expending time of program planning & evaluation (r=-0.193 p<.05) 9) Management of school environment: Age of school health teacher (r=0.142 p<.05) School health experience (r=0.255 p<.01) 10) Operating of school health organization: Medicine Purchase (r=-0.163 p<.05) 11) Health care services: School health experience (r=0.148 p<.05) Medicine purchase (r=-0.229 p<.01) 12) Total school health performance: School health experience (r=0.200 p<.05) Medicine purchase(r=-0.168 p<.05) Based on the above results, the suggestions are as follows: 1) As the SHT take charge of the reasonable number of student, the students will have benefit of the good health service in quality. 2) It is recommended to use the health clinic separately and to arrange adequate place for good school health service. 3) It is necessary that the SHT participate budget for school health. 4) It is required to enhance self-confidence on school health nursing activities through continuous educational programs.