• 보존과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.287-298
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• 2015

포름알데히드의 금속 손상은 보편적으로 알려진 것에 비해 손상농도와 손상정도의 정량화는 명확하지 않다. 본 연구는 금속시편(은, 구리, 철, 납, 황동)을 대상으로 가스부식시험기를 이용하여 포름알데히드 0.5, 1, 10, 100, 500ppm 농도에서의 손상, 손상농도에서 온 습도 조건에 따른 손상 가중, 손상농도에서 열화금속시편의 손상을 광학적, 화학적, 물리적 측정방법으로 평가하였다. 이 결과, 포름알데히드 농도 500ppm/day에서 납시편의 광학적, 화학적, 물리적 손상과 전체금속시편의 광학적 손상이 확인되었다. 기본조건($25^{\circ}C$, 50%), 고온조건($30^{\circ}C$, 50%)에서는 일부시편의 광학적 손상이 가중되었고, 고온 고습조건($30^{\circ}C$, 80%), 고습조건($25^{\circ}C$, 80%)에서는 납시편의 화학적 손상이 각각 2.8배, 1.3배 가중되었다. 열화금속시편의 포름산이온 농도 결과, 철시편, 황동시편의 부식 생성물은 포름알데히드 가스와 활발히 반응하는 것으로 나타났으며, 납시편의 표면 산화막은 포름알데히드 가스와의 반응을 감소시키거나 차단하는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.1241-1249
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• 2002

The extent of materials deterioration can be evaluated accurately by mechanical test such as impact test or creep test. But it is almost impossible to extract a large test specimen from in-service components. Thus material degradation evaluation by non-destructive method is earnestly required. In this paper, the material degradation for virgin and several aged materials of a Cr-Mo-V steel, which is an candidated as structural material of the turbine casing components for electric power plant, is nondestructively evaluated by reactivation polarization testing method. And, the results obtained from the test are compared with those in small punch(SP) tests recommended as a semi-nondestructive testing method using miniaturized specimen. In contrast to the aged materials up to 1,000hrs which exhibit the degradation behaviors with increased ${\Delta}[DBTT]_{SP}$, the improvement of mechanical property can be observed on the 2,000hrs and 3,000hrs aged materials. This is because of the softening of material due to the carbide precipitation, the increase of ferritic structures and the recovery of dislocation microstructure by long-time heat treatment. The reactivation rates($I_R/I_{Crit},\;Q_R/Q_{Crit}$) calculated by reactivation current densityt ($I_R$) and charge($Q_R$) in the polarization curves exhibit a good correlation with ${\Delta}[DBTT]_{SP}$ behaviors.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.199-203
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• 2004

유사구강 분위기인 인공타액 조건하에서 인공치아용 상부구조물 재료 중 하나인 3Y-TZP를 500~3000 N의 하중 조건으로 $10^6$ 횟수까지 헤르찌안 반복하중을 가하여 그 피로특성을 압입손상과 강도저하현상으로 관찰하였다. 500 N의 하중에서 $5\times10^5$ 반복 횟수까지 피로실험결과, 강도저하 및 균열현상은 관찰되지는 않았지만 반복하중 값이 증가함에 따라 링 균열에서 방사상 균열로 전이되었을 때 급격한 강도 저하현상이 관찰되었다. 또한 강도 저하 현상은 유사 구강분위기하에서 반복 하중 접촉시 발생한 균열을 통해 침투한 인공타액의 화학적 침식으로 가속화 되었다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제40권7호
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• pp.662-666
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• 2003

인공치관용 알루미나-유리 복합체를 유사 구강분위기인 인공타액 하에서 200-1000 N의 하중 조건으로 $10^{6}$ 횟수까지 헤르찌안 반복하중 피로특성을 조사하였다. 200 N의 하중에서 $10^{6}$까지 반복피로 실험결과, 강도 저하 및 균열 현상은 관찰되지 않았다. 하중이 1000 N으로 증가함에 따라 링 균열에서 방사상 균열로 전이되었을 때 급격한 강도 저하 현상이 발생하였다. 강도 저하 현상은 유사 구강 분위기하에서 반복 하중 접촉 시 발생한 방사상 균열을 통해 침투한 인공타액과 유리상의 화학적 반응으로 더욱 가속화 되었다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.123-127
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• 2011

To clarify the relations of optical properties to the main factors responsible for the loss and damage of luminous efficacy, a 20 min turn-on/turn-off test for 2,000 h for a ceramic metal halide lamp is conducted. The corrosion rates of the arc tube wall and electrode are estimated based on thermal stress. Wall blackening is attributed to the tungsten being transported from the hot electrode tips to the relatively cold arc tube wall. Furthermore, the grain boundaries of the arc tube are changed by the degradation. Distortion of the electrode is observed, and the ignition and the driving voltage of the load both increase. Finally, the color rendering index and the color coordinates are changed after the degradation. The luminous flux and the intensity of the luminous distribution are decreased significantly.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.527-536
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• 2020

An elastic-plastic solution for cavity expansion problem considering strength degradation, undrained condition and initial anisotropic in-situ stress is established based on the Tresca yield criterion and cavity expansion theory. Assumptions of large-strain for plastic region and small-strain for elastic region are adopted, respectively. The initial in-situ stress state of natural soil mass may be anisotropic caused by consolidation history, and the strength degradation of soil mass is caused by structural damage of soil mass in the process of loading analysis (cavity expansion process). Finally, the published solutions are conducted to verify the suitability of this elastic-plastic solution, and the parametric studies are investigated in order to the significance of this study for in-situ soil test.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1903-1912
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• 1996

A quantitative study of impact damage of a soda-lime glass was carried out. An initiation and a propagation of cracks by the impact of two inds of steel ball was investigated. The fron, side and rear view of cracks were observed by a stereo-microscope. And the lowering of the benidng strength due to the impact of steel balls was examined through the 4-point bending test. A transparent glass is very helpful to understand and analyze the impact damage behavior of another brittle matereial. A deagdram about crack patterns according to the threshold impact velocity was sketched. A ring crack and a cone crack were formed at the low impact velocity. And as the impact velocity was higher, initial lateral crack was generated on the slanting surface of cone crack, and radial cracks were generated from the outermost ring crack. When the impact velocity of steel balls exceed a critical velocity, the contact site of specimens were crushed. According to the propagation of a cone crack, a rapid strength degradation occurred. In the specimen having crushed region, a bending strength was converged to a constant value instead of strength degradation.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.542-548
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Acanthopanax senticosus extracts(ASE) on alcohol administered mice. The administration of Acanthopanax senticosus extracts(60 mg/kg) had beneficial actions toward alcohol degradation in acute alcohol treated mice. In the acute alcohol degradation experiment, serum alcohol concentration were lower 3 and 6 hours after taking ethanol(5 g/kg) in ASE treated mice. The oral administration of ASE showed decreased gastric mucous membrane damage produced in ethanol treated mice. In addition, intraperitoneal(i.p.) administration of ASE showed antiinflammatory effects in inhibition tests of vascular permeability produced by acetic acid. ASE also reduced concentrations of nitric oxide(NO), tumor necrosis alpha(TNF)-${\alpha}$ and interleukin(IL)-6 in macrophages that were activated by LPS. These results demonstrate that Acanthopanax senticosus extracts possesses the potential to stimulate alcohol degradation and inhibit inflammatory effects in mice.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.54-59
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• 2011

LED lightings typically do not fail catastrophically during use. However, over time the light output will gradually depreciate. Even if there are same LED lighting, they are so different at all. because of dissimilar the use and environment of each LED lighting. In this paper, we make a description of reliability analysis procedures for the degradation data using collected field data. Reliability analysis procedures are consisted of estimating degradation models and failure time, verification of distribution and parameters of the distribution, and reliability measures estimation. At some point in time, the light emitted from an LED lightings depreciates to a level where it is no longer considered adequate for a specific application.

• 한국초전도저온공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국초전도저온공학회 2003년도 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.101-104
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• 2003

Influences of transverse compressive stress on the critical current ( $I_{c}$) in AgMg and AgMn alloy sheathed Bi-2223 tapes were investigated at 77 K and 0 T. The $I_{c}$ degradation behavior depending on sample specifications was discussed in viewpoints of n-value and damage morphology. As a result, Bi-2223 tapes showed a significant drop in $I_{c}$ for stresses greater than 50MPa. The AgMg sheathed Bi-2223 tapes representing higher $I_{c}$ showed a lower $\sigma$$_{irr}$ and a significant $I_{c}$ degradation with increase in compressive stress. There existed a voltage tap separation dependency of the $I_{c}$ degradation behavior caused by the transverse compressive stress.sive stress.s.