• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.93-101
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• 2015

In this paper, we study the uniqueness of entire functions concerning differential polynomials and deficient value. The results extend and improve Theorem 2 in Yi [13].

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.57-68
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• 2007

In this article, we investigate the problem of uniqueness of meromorphic functions sharing one set and having deficient values, and obtain a result which improves some earlier results.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.100-106
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• 2017

Objectives: This study aimed to assess a Qi Blood Yin Yang evaluation method systematically and objectively and to identify the correlation between the Qi Blood Yin Yang deficiency pattern (QBYYDP) and facial color. Methods: Thirty-seven participants (17 males, 20 females) were enrolled in this study. Twenty-four (10 males, 14 females) had ages from 40 to over 60, and 13 (7 males and 6 females) were in their twenties. After sufficient rest, facial images were taken with a camera. Based on the results from a questionnaire survey, we divided the participants into five groups: the normal and the Qi-, Blood-, Yin-, and Yang-deficient groups, after which the relationships between the L, 'a', and 'b' values in the Lab color system and the characteristics of the participants in each of the deficient groups were elucidated using a facial color analysis program. Results: The color analysis for Qi-deficient (QD) participants revealed that the L value was fairly decreased in comparison with the normal participants, but the 'a' and 'b' values were almost the same. A comparison between the normal and the Yang-deficient (YaD) groups revealed that the L values were somewhat lower compared to the normal group, but the 'a' and 'b' values were not statistically different. For the Yin-deficient (YiD) group, the L value was slightly lower compared to the normal group, but the 'a' and 'b' values were almost the same and the R values were slightly increased. For the Blood-deficient (BD) group, the L values were slightly increased compared to the normal group, but the 'a' and 'b' values were decreased slightly. Conclusion: This study obtained objective, reliable data for judging the QBYYDP by using facial images and a color analysis program. However, further study with at least 10 or more subjects in each of the deficient groups is necessary to confirm our findings.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.58 no.6
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• pp.1495-1506
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• 2021

The growth of solutions of second order complex differential equations f" + A(z)f' + B(z)f = 0 with transcendental entire coefficients is considered. Assuming that A(z) has a finite deficient value and that B(z) has either Fabry gaps or a multiply connected Fatou component, it follows that all solutions are of infinite order of growth.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.413-429
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• 2016

The recent research on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) has revealed the linkage between proper orthogonal modes and linear normal modes. This paper presents an investigation into the modal identifiability of an instrumented cable-stayed bridge using an adapted POD technique with a band-pass filtering scheme. The band-pass POD method is applied to the datasets available for this benchmark study, aiming to identify the vibration modes of the bridge and find out the so-called deficient modes which are unidentifiable under normal excitation conditions. It turns out that the second mode of the bridge cannot be stably identified under weak wind conditions and is therefore regarded as a deficient mode. To judge if the deficient mode is due to its low contribution to the structural response under weak wind conditions, modal coordinates are derived for different modes by the band-pass POD technique and an energy participation factor is defined to evaluate the energy participation of each vibration mode under different wind excitation conditions. From the non-blind datasets, it is found that the vibration modes can be reliably identified only when the energy participation factor exceeds a certain threshold value. With the identified threshold value, modal identifiability in use of the blind datasets from the same structure is examined.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.581-586
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• 1994

Effect of excess and deficiency of PbO on the sintering and electrical properties of tetragonal Pb(Zr0.5Ti0.5)O3 were investigated. Fired density revealed maximum value with 4 wt% of excess PbO, and decreased with increasing amount of both excess and deficient PbO. Grain size increased with excess PbO, and decreased with deficiency of PbO. It appeared that excess PbO forms a liquid phase to enhance grain growth and completely volatilizes after sintering, whereas ZrO2 particles formed in PbO-deficient PZT inhibit grain growth. The change in the values of the equivalent circuit elements of PZT corresponded well with thar of porosity formed by excess and deficiency of PbO; kp, Co and Cm decreased while Qm, Rm and Lm increased conosiderably with porosity. This change was more pronounced in PbO-deficient type probably due to change in Zr/Ti ratio of PZT.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.108-113
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• 2009

Taurine supplementation has been shown to have a beneficial effect on femur bone mineral content in ovariectomized rats. It therefore seemed desirable to find out whether the beneficial effect of taurine on ovariectomized rats fed calcium deficient diet could also be reproduced. Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups, One group was OVX and the other group received sham operation (SHAM), and received either control diet or a taurine supplemented diet for 6 weeks. All rats were fed on calcium deficient diet (AIN-93: 50% level of calcium) and deionized water. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were measured in spine and femur. The serum and urine concentrations of calcium and phosphorus were determined, Bone formation was measured by serum osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentrations, Bone resorption rate was measured by deoxypyridinoline (DPD) crosslinks immunoassay and corrected for creatinine. Urinary calcium and phosphorus excretion, osteocalcin in blood and cross link value were not significantly different among the groups. Within the OVX group, the taurine supplemented group had not higher femur bone mineral content than the control group. This study established the need for a study on the taurine effect on bone with different calcium levels.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.471-489
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• 2016

Modal identification based on ambient vibration data has attracted extensive attention in the past few decades. Since the excitation for ambient vibration tests is mainly from the environmental effects such as wind and traffic loading and no artificial excitation is applied, the signal to noise (s/n) ratio of the data acquired plays an important role in mode identifiability. Under ambient vibration conditions, certain modes may not be identifiable due to a low s/n ratio. This paper presents a study on the mode identifiability of an instrumented cable-stayed bridge with the use of acceleration response data measured by a long-term structural health monitoring system. A recently developed fast Bayesian FFT method is utilized to perform output-only modal identification. In addition to identifying the most probable values (MPVs) of modal parameters, the associated posterior uncertainties can be obtained by this method. Likewise, the power spectral density of modal force can be identified, and thus it is possible to obtain the modal s/n ratio. This provides an efficient way to investigate the mode identifiability. Three groups of data are utilized in this study: the first one is 10 data sets including six collected under normal wind conditions and four collected during typhoons; the second one is three data sets with wind speeds of about 7.5 m/s; and the third one is some blind data. The first two groups of data are used to perform ambient modal identification and help to estimate a critical value of the s/n ratio above which the deficient mode is identifiable, while the third group of data is used to perform verification. A couple of fundamental modes are identified, including the ones in the vertical and transverse directions respectively and coupled in both directions. The uncertainty and s/n ratio of the deficient mode are investigated and discussed. A critical value of the modal s/n ratio is suggested to evaluate the mode identifiability of the deficient mode. The work presented in this paper could provide a base for the vibration-based condition assessment in future.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.837-842
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• 2008

Students taking linear model courses have difficulty in determining which parametric functions are estimable when the design matrix of a linear model is rank deficient. In this note a special form of estimable functions is presented with a linear combination of some orthogonal estimable functions. Here, the orthogonality means the least squares estimators of the estimable functions are uncorrelated and have the same variance. The number of the orthogonal estimable functions composing the special form is equal to the rank of the design matrix. The orthogonal estimable functions can be easily obtained through the singular value decomposition of the design matrix.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.8-15
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• 2005

It is well known that intaking alcohol chronically and heavily causes many formsof physical systemic distress including serious chronic alcoholic liver disease such as alcoholic hepatitis, fatty liver, liver cirrhosis and hepatoma. Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) is known as a specific marker in detecting and monitoring alcohol associated disease. Weanalyzed various alcohol-associated parameters to evaluate the clinical usefulness of CDT. The first patient group consisted of fifty patients, who had been diagnosed with alcoholic liver disease from January 2003 to June 2004 at Chungnam National University Hospital. The second group consisted of 12 patients with non-alcoholic liver disease. The third group consisted of 19 teetotalerswho had visited the hospital for the purpose of routine healthcare checks. Various hepatic parameters such as CDT, $\small{\Gamma}$-GT (gamma-glutamyl transferase), AST (aspartate aminotransferase) and ALT (alanine aminotransferase) were compared in the three groups. CDT and AST increased in direct proportion to the amount and duration of alcohol consumption with high significance, but $\small{\Gamma}$-GT and ALT showed arbitrary patterns with no statistical significance. The sensitivities of CDT, $\small{\Gamma}$-GT, AST and ALT were 74 %, 96 %, 68 % and 58 %, respectively and the specificities were 95 %, 74 %, 68 % and 79 % in order respectively. The correlation study of CDT with $\small{\Gamma}$-GT, AST and ALT showed a very low value of correlation coefficients, implying that CDT could be taken as an independent parameter in evaluating alcohol liver disease compared to $\small{\Gamma}$-GT, AST and ALT. This present study suggested that CDT coud be one of the most useful parameters in reflecting the amount and duration of alcohol consumption as well as being another independent parameter in assessing and following up patients with alcoholic liver disease. Moreover we recommend it is the best method of measuring both CDT and $\small{\Gamma}$-GT in patients with alcoholic liver disease.