• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2021

용접 비드의 불량유무를 판단하기 위하여 다양한 방법들이 제안되어왔으며, 최근에는 센서 자료 검사와 영상 자료 검사가 꾸준히 발표되고 있다. 센서 자료 검사는 정확도가 높고, 2차원 기반의 영상 자료 검사는 용접된 비드의 위치를 파악할 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 하지만 센서 자료만으로 분석 할 경우 정확한 위치에 용접이 되었는지 파악하기가 어렵다. 반면 영상 자료 방법은 잡음과 측정오차가 발생하여 정확도가 높지 않다. 본 논문에서는 평균 전압, 평균 전류, 혼합가스인 센서 자료 검사와 영상 검사 방법을 융합함으로써 각 검사 방법들의 단점을 보완하고 장점을 높여서 정확도를 향상시키고 검사 속도를 높일 수 있는 방법과 이를 소프트웨어로 구현하였다. 그리고 그래픽 사용자 인터페이스(graphical user interface; GUI)를 이용하여 분석을 수행하고 검사에 사용된 자료와 검사 결과를 확인할 수 있도록 하여 사용자가 편리하고 직관적으로 분석을 수행하고 결과를 파악할 수 있도록 하고자 한다. 이 때 각 센서 자료의 특성을 이용하여 센서 검사가 수행되고, 모폴로지 축지적 활성화 윤곽선을 적용하여 영상 자료가 검사된다. 실험 결과를 통하여 98%의 정확도를 보였으며, 네 개의 용접 영상과 센서 자료 검사를 모두 수행할 경우 검사 시간은 약 1.9초로서 용접공정에서 실시간 검사기로 사용 가능한 소프트웨어의 성능을 보였다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.1519-1527
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• 2015

TFT-LCD automatic defect inspection system for detecting defects in place of the visual tester does pre-processing, candidate defect pixel detection, and recognition and classification through a blob analysis. An over-detection result of defects acts as an undue burden of blob analysis for recognition and classification. In this paper, we propose defect detection method based on the histogram distribution modeling of TFT-LCD image to minimize over-detection of candidate defective pixels. Primary defect candidate pixels are detected estimating the skewness of the luminance distribution histogram of the background pixels. Based on the detected defect pixels, the defective pixels other than noise pixels are detected using the distribution histogram model of the local area. Experimental results confirm that the proposed method shows an excellent defect detection result on the image containing the various types of defects and the reduction of the degree of over-detection as well.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2020

In this paper, a method for improving the defect classification performance in steel plate surface has been studied, based on DWT(discrete wavelet transform) and SVM(support vector machine). Surface images of the steel plate have low contrast, uneven, and featureless, so that the contrast between defect and defect-free regions is not discriminated. These characteristics make it difficult to extract the feature of the surface defect image. In order to improve the characteristics of these images, a synthetic images based on discrete wavelet transform are modeled. Using the synthetic images, edge-based features are extracted and also geometrical features are computed. SVM was configured in order to classify defect images using extracted features. As results of the experiment, the support vector machine based classifier showed good classification performance of 94.3%. The proposed classifier is expected to contribute to the key element of inspection process in smart factory.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.161-164
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• 2006

In this thesis we designed the vision system to inspect the defect of a back light unit of plat panel display device. The vision system is divided into hardware and inspection algorithm of defect. Hardware components consist of illumination part, robot-arm controller part and image-acquisition part. Illumination part is made of acrylic panel for light diffusion and five 36W FPL's(Fluorescent Parallel Lamp) and electronic ballast with low frequency harmonics. The CCD(Charge-Coupled Device) camera of image-acquisition part is able to acquire the bright image by the light coming from lamp. The image-acquisition part is composed of CCD camera and frame grabber. The robot-arm controller part has a role to let the CCD camera move to the desired position. To take inspections of surface images of a flat panel display it can be controlled and located every nook and comer. Images obtained by robot-arm and image-acquisition board are saved on the hard-disk through windows programming and are tested whether there are defects by using the image processing algorithms.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.52-60
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• 2001

In this paper, as a new measurement method to estimate the change of material condition, the simplified ultrasonic CT system, which uses the information of three directions, that is, $90^{\circ}$, $+45^{\circ}C$and $-45^{\circ}C$ about inspection plane is proposed. Use of simplified CT system has two merits: Firstly, the measurement time is very short compared with general CT. Secondly, it can detect sensitively small defect in vertical or slant direction about inspection plane because the obtained image is CT image calculated from three directions. From these merits, this method can be considered as an effective method to evaluate material conditions. The basic performance of the proposed method was confirmed through several specimens with several simple defects. In order to confirm the applicability of actual NDT, several kinds of welded specimens are investigated. The result showed that the CT image obtained had good agreement with actual defect of specimens.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제57권7호
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• pp.1295-1297
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• 2008

Large-sized flat-panel displays are widely used for PC monitors and TV displays. In this paper, frequency domain pre-filter algorithms are presented for detection of defects in large-sized Thin Film Transistor-Liquid Crystal Display(TFT-LCD) panel surfaces. Frequency analysis with 1-D, 2-D FFT methods for extract the periodic patterns of lattice structures in TFT-LCD is performed. To remove this patterns, frequency domain band-stop filters were used for eliminating specific frequency components. In order to acquire only defected images, 2-D inverse FFT methods to inverse transform of frequency domain images were used.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.107-113
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• 1997

Nondesructive test and structural analysis have been conducted to assess the safety of weld defective steel bridges in service. In the nondestructive test, using the radioactive ray and ultrasonic, the defective welding patterns in the steel bridges are identified. A major defective welding pattern is identified as the lack of welding area due to the insufficient welding penetration. By considering the welding defect in the above, structural analysis is conducted to evaluate the influence of welding defect on the safety of steel bridges. The results indicate that, due to the insufficient welding penetration, the stress obtained in the analysis is over the allowable fatigue stress level, and its influence on safety of the bridges is significant.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 전기기기 및 에너지변환시스템부문
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• pp.102-104
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• 2001

This paper presents a numerical analysis of the eddy current testing for pipe with axi-symmetric defect according to frequency changes using the finite element method(FEM). The defects used in this analysis are inner and outer axi-symmetric type. In order to obtain the behaviors of the signals by changing the frequency, the defects with different depths are modeled and analyzed using FEM. It is important to choose proper frequency because of the effect of skin depth in eddy current testing. This paper describes signal characteristics of each defects as frequency is changed.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2018년도 제58차 하계학술대회논문집 26권2호
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• pp.391-394
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• 2018

논문에서는 스마트 공장의 표면결함검사 시스템에 사용할 수 있는 Haar, Ferns, MCT 영상의 특징 활용방법에 관한 연구를 다루었습니다. 본문에서 Haar, Ferns, MCT 특징에 관해 소개하였고, 실험에서 머신비전을 이용한 표면결함검사에 이 특징들이 사용될 수 있음을 결과를 통해 제시하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2018년도 제58차 하계학술대회논문집 26권2호
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• pp.325-326
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• 2018

본 논문에서는 PCB 공정상의 육안검사를 통한 불량 분류 방식에서 CNN을 이용한 PCB 불량 분류 방식을 제안한다. 이 방식은 육안검사의 문제점인 작업자의 숙련도에 따른 검사 효율을 자동화 검사 시스템에 의해 해결하며, 불량 위치와 종류를 결과 이미지에 표시한다. 또한 이미지 분류 결과를 모니터링할 수 있도록 시리얼 통신을 통하여 Darknet 프레임워크와 LCD를 연동하였다. 적은 량의 데이터 셋으로도 좋은 결과를 냈으며, 다양한 데이터 셋을 이용해 훈련할 시 전반적인 PCB 불량의 분류가 가능할 것으로 예상된다.