• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.158-161
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• 2003

This study investigated the effects of a ${\gamma}$-irradiated pork (0-30 kGy) diet on lipid peroxidation, cytochrome P-450 content, microsomal glucose 6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) activity and antioxidative defense systems in diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced rat hepatocarcinogenesis. The body weight of rats fed irradiated diets did not change significantly. Liver weight was significantly increased by the administration of DEN, but not by irradiated diets at any dose level. There were no significant effects of gamma irradiation on the content of microsomal malondialdehyde (MDA), cytochrome P-450, or on the activity of G-6-Pase. However, with DEN treatment, cytochrome P-450 content was significantly increased while microsomal G-6-Pase activity was significantly decreased. The ${\gamma}$-irradiated diet supplement did not affect serum retinol or $\alpha$-tocopherol concentrations. However, it did cause a significant decrease in hepatic retinol at 30 kGy. With DEN treatment, hepatic retinol content was even more significantly (p<0.05) decreased compared to the non-irradiated control. The enzyme activities related to antioxidative defense systems, including glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSH-Rx) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were not affected by gamma irradiation. Those results suggest that an irradiated pork diet up to 30 kGy may not cause a health hazard in experimental animals.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.82-88
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• 1998

LBO0014, a new recombinant human erythropoietin, was at dose levels of 0, 120, 600, and 3,000 IU/kg/day administered intravenously to pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats during the organogenetic period. All dams were subjected to caesarean section on day 20 of pregnancy, Effects of test substance on dams and embryonic development of Fl fetuses were examined. No treatment-related changes in clinical signs, body weight, and food consumption were observed at all doses tested. At necropsy spleen enlargement was found at 3,000 lU/kg. There was an ulcrease in the spleen weight at 600 and 3,0007/kg. Developmental toxicity was evident as increased resorptions at 3,000 lU/kg. At 600 and 3,000 RJ/kg, retarded ossification of fetuses occurred at an incidence of 31.3% and 64.7%, respectively. In addition, there was a delay in ossification of sternebrae and sacrocaudal vertebrae at 600 and 3,000 lU/kg. A decrease in the number of metacarpi and metatarsi was also seen at 3,000 nJ/kg. The results show that the no observed adverse effect dose level (NOAEL) for material toxicity was over 3,000 IU/kg/day and the NOAEL for developmental toxicity was 120 IU/kg/day.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.435-439
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• 2010

The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inlfammatory effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra Linne extract on ulcerative colitis induced by 3% dextran sulfate sodium in mice. The experimental animals were divided into six groups: control(normal), DSS-induced colitis(control), 1 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg of Glycyrrhiza glabra Linne extract, and 150 mg/kg 5-aminosalicylic acid(5-ASA)(positive control). We evaluated the pathological disease activity index(DAI), change in weight, colon mucosa damage and myeloperoxidase(MPO) in colon mucosa. Treatment with 10 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of Glycyrrhiza glabra Linne extract led to significant loss of body weight, the decrease of MPO activity and clinical symptoms such as DAI and histological change. In particular, 100 mg/kg Glycyrrhiza glabra Linne extract led to markedly greater improvement than 150 mg/kg 5-ASA treatment. These results suggest that Glycyrrhiza glabra mediated anti-inflammatory action on colorectal sites may be a useful therapeutic approach to ulcerative colitis.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.94-101
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• 1994

DA-125, a new anthracycline antitumor antibiotic, was at dose levels of 0, 0.03, 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg/day administered intravenously to Sprague-Dawley male rats from premating to mating period and to females from premating to early gestation period. Effects of test agent on general findings and reproductive performance of parent animals and embryonic development were examined. No treatment-related changes in clinical signs, body weight, food consumption and necropsy findings were observed in all groups of both sexes. At 0.3 mg/kg, a decrease in the weight of spleen was found only in male rats. Mating performance and fertility of parent animals were not adversely affected by all doses tested. Fl fetuses showed no changes related to treatment of DA-125, except that at 0.3 mg/kg, an increase in the resorption rate was seen. The results show that the no effect dose levels (NOELS) for general toxicity of parent animals and fetal development are 0.1 mg/kg/day and NOELS for reproductive capability are over 0.3 mg/kg/day.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.05a
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• pp.146-147
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• 2021

An increase in carbon emissions leads to the problem of global warming and is an issue to be solved in other countries. The problem of carbon dioxide has many effects not only on global warming but also on people. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 4.3 million people have died because harmful substances generated indoors cannot be discharged to the outside and accumulate in the human body through the respiratory tract. In response to this situation, in order to reduce the generation of pollutants in the building itself, soak into lightweight bubble concrete to adsorb and purify indoor pollutants, mix charcoal, investigate the appropriate amount and physical characteristics, and check carbon dioxide This is an experiment for grasping the adsorption capacity, and the results are as follows. As the replacement rate of rice husk charcoal increased, the compressive strength tended to decrease, and the carbon dioxide reduction rate tended to increase. It is judged that the charcoal of rice husks shows a low density and the physical adsorption is smooth due to the porous structure. Since it is excellent in the basic physical properties and carbon dioxide adsorption surface of this experiment, it is judged that it has sufficient potential for use as an indoor finishing material.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.36-44
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• 1991

This study was attempted to investigate the acute toxicity of Liocolae vermiculus(Liocola brevitarsis) extract in mice, the effect on GOT, GPT Al.p, LDH activities and level of total cholesterol in serum of $CCl_4-intoxicated$ rats. In acute toxicity test, Liocolae vermiculus extract showed 10% mortality at 2,000 mg/kg, p.o. and at 1,000 mg/kg, i.p.. The Liocolae verculus extract caused a remarkable decrease in serum transaminase as well as Al.p activities in $CCl_4-intoxicated$ rats at $300{\sim}1,000{\;}mg/kg$ dosage ranges. The activities of -LDH and the level of total cholesterol were significantly decreased in all sample-treated group, when compared with the control group. The body weight decreased, and the liver and spleen weight increased in $CCl_4-intoxicated$ rats were significantly recovered by the administration of the extracts.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.123-131
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• 2003

This study was carried out to assess the combined repeated dose, reproduction and developmental toxicities of benzoyl peroxide for OECD SIDS (Screening Information Data Set) program. Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to benzoyl peroxide at dose levels of 0, 250, 500 and 1,000 mg/kg/day for 29 days for males and for 41-51 days for females. No deaths were found in all animals including control group during exposure period. No hematological effects attributable to benzoyl peroxide were observed in all treated groups. Significant decrease in the weight of testes and epididymis were observed in males at 1,000 mg/kg/day. In females at 1,000 mg/kg/day, slight histopathological effects in uterus such as epithelial vacuolation or hyperplasia were observed. No treatment-related changes in precoital time and rate of copulation, fertility and gestation period were noted in all treated groups. There was no evidence of teratogenic effect of benzoyl peroxide, but body weight of pups at 1,000 mg/kg/day was significantly decreased. NOAEL for combined repeated dose and reproduction/developmental toxicity was 500 mg/kg/day.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.53-61
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• 1997

Seasonal variation of the population structure and the reproductive pattern of the Korean striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius, were investigated. High capture ratios in juveniles, young adult, and old adult mice were found during the period from October to November, from November to March, and from May to September, respectively, and extremely low capture ratios of old adults during the period from November to February were characteristic. It seemed that the young adults that survived during the winter might become older by summer and have been counted as the old adults. The breeding in the mice began earlier in males (from mid February or early March to late October) than in females (from mid March to late October), having a peak in August and September, and both the male and female mice weighing more than 20 g generally reached sexual maturation in general. In the breeding season, both young and old adult males had large testes with enlarged seminiferous tubules filled with numerous germ and Sertoli cells, and expanded caudal epididymides with a vast number of spermatozoa; the females had many Graafian follicles and corpora lutea in large ovaries, and developed uterine glands in the thick endometria. The lower ratios of the testis weight to the body weight in July and August in 1994 compared to 1995 seemed due to the extreme drought and considerably higher temperature in 1994, but the decrease in the ratio in mid-summer, only in the old mice, in both years might be explained partially by aging.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.206-212
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• 1996

This study was to see if pregnant rats fed a pantothenic acid(PA) deficient diet for whole 3 weeks gestation would produce pups comparable to the normal controls, at the cost of maternal tissue PA concentration ([PA]) or coenzyme A content ([Co A]). Compared to the controls, dams fed a PA deficient diet tended to decrease weight gain, and produced pups with lower body, liver and brain weight (p<0.05). Postpartum dam's blood [PA] decreased more in PA deficient group than control (p<0.05, PA deficient : 2.52$\pm$0.66 to 0.77$\pm$0.23uM, control : 2.58$\pm$0.52 to 1.45$\pm$0.68uM), although Hb concentration did not differ between two groups. Pup's blood [PA] at birth was lower in PA deficient group than control group(1.75$\pm$0.27uM vs. 3.90$\pm$0.76uM, respectively, p<0.05) and 2-3 times that of postpartum dams in both two groups. [Co A] and [PA] in pup's tissues were 23-68% of dams in both groups, in spite of the higher [PA] in pups. These data suggest that Co A metabolism differs between pups and dams ; the pups were more adversely affected than dams by the dietary PA deficiency of dams during gestation.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.290-300
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• 2011

Objectives: There is limited data regarding the toxicity of methylcyclohexane, despite its wide use in rubber adhesives, paint diluents, and cleansing agents. This study aimed to verify the toxicity and influence on the reproductive system of methylcyclohexane after its repeated injection in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Methods: Methylcyclohexane was injected subcutaneously into male and female SD rats once a day, five times a week, for 13 weeks at different doses (0, 10, 100, and 1,000 mg/kg/day) for each group. The toxicity of testing material was verified by observing the change in body and organ weight, hematological change, pathological findings, and effect on the reproductive system at each different concentration. Results: In the 1,000 mg/kg/day group, there were cases of animal deaths. In animals that survived, hematological changes, including a decrease in the red blood cell count, were observed. A considerable weight gain or loss and pathological abnormalities in the liver, kidney, and other organs were found. However, the 10 and 100 mg/kg/day groups did not cause deaths or other specific abnormalities. In terms of reproductive toxicity, there were changes in hormone levels, including a significant decrease in hormones such as estradiol and progesterone (p < 0.001) in male animals. Menstrual cycle change for female animals did not show concentration dependency. Conclusion: When injected repeatedly for 13 weeks, methylcyclohexane proved to be toxic for the liver, heart, and kidney at a high dose. The absolute toxic dose was 1,000 mg/kg/day, while the no observed adverse effect level was less than 100 mg/kg/day. The substance exerted little influence on the reproductive system.