• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 1995

In order to investigate the Anti-stress effect of Guibiondamtang in the immobilization stressed rats, the level of serum catecholamine, the change of body weight, the humoral and cellular immune response were studied. The results were as follows; 1. The decrese of the body weight was significantly inhibited in test group for Guibiondamtang, comparting to the control group. 2. The increase of the level of serum norepinephrine was significantly inhibited in test group, comparing to the control group. 3. The increase of the level of serum epinephrine was significantly inhibited in test group, comparing to the control group. 4. In the hemagglutinaton titer, the control group was decreased on the serum antibody titer but test group was inhibitory effect on the decrease of sereum antibody titer. 5. In the plaque formation test, the control and test group were not shown significant differences. 6. In the foot pad swelling respopnse, the control group was decreased on DTH response but test group was increased comparing to the normal group. 7. There was no change on the distribution of lymphocyte subset(CD4, CD8), grnulocyte and macrophage analyzed by flow cytometry.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.195-201
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• 1999

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplemental dry powder of chinese medicine refuse (CMR) on the growth performance and physiological status of broiler chicks. The treatments consisted of corn-soybean meal control diet, CMR 4 and 8% diets. A total of 120 Arbor Acre broiler chicks were randomly allotted to 12 pens ; four pens per treatment and 10 birds per pen. The body weight gain and feed intake did not show ant differences among the treatment groups, but feed conversion was significantly higher (P〈0.05) in CMR 8% group than that of the control group. Hunt L and b did not show ant differences among the treatment groups, but hunt a was darker (P〈0.05) in CMR 4 and 8% group than that of the control group. The blood concentrations of total protein, sugar, glutamic-oxaloacetic-transaminase (GOT), glutamic-pyruvic-transaminase (GPT) Hemogloben were not different among the treatment groups. The pH of thigh muscle were lower in CMR 4 and 8% groups than that of the control group, but crude fat, crude ash of thigh muscle and bone hardness in brolier chicks did not show ant differences among the treatment groups. The saturated fatty acid content of the thigh muscle tende to decrease dietary CMR increased.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.647-651
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• 1992

Two experiments involving comparative slaughter procedures were conducted to see if the decrease in total energy retention (ER) resulted from the decreased food intake in growing chicks fed on a diet containing tryptophan less than the requirement. Ad libitum-feeding a diet containing 50% of tryptophan of a control diet (1.5 g/kg) decreased body weight gain, apparent metabolizable energy intake (AMEI), ER and ER : AMEI ratio. When both the control diet and the 0.75 g/kg tryptophan diet were tube-fed at the two levels of food intake, body weight gain was significantly lower in chicks on the low tryptophan diet than in the control chicks at each level of intake. AME : gross-energy ratio decreased only when the low tryptophan diet was tube-fed at the higher level of intake. Energy retained as protein was significantly decreased by the low tryptophan level and reduction of food intake. Energy retained as fat was affected by food intake. ER and ER : AMEI ratio were unaffected by dietary tryptophan level and were proportional to AMEI. Heat increment of feeding was affected by neither tryptophan nor food intake. These results indicate that the decreased ER in chicks fed on the low tryptophan diet was due mainly to the decreased food intake and not to the decreased efficiency of ME utilization.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.203-214
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• 1993

With the use of a rat surgical model, the ability of carboxymethylcellulose and ibuprofen in the reduction of abdominal adhesion was examined. Seventy seven female rats were randomly divided into 7 groups : (1) control, (2) 2% CMC, (3) 3% CMC, (4) ibuprofen 25mg, (5) ibuprofen 50mg, (6) combination of ibuprofen 25mg and 2% CMC and(7) combination of ibuprofen 50mg and 3%, CMC. Following induction of abrasion injuries on ileum, colon and both uterine horns with a surgical blads, the rats in groups (2), (6) were infused with 2% CMC solution singly or in combined Infection of 25 mg/kg of ibuprofen for three consecutive days, the rats In groups (3), (7) were infused with 3% CMC solution singly or In combined Injection of 50mg/kg of ibuprofen for three consecutive days. The rats in groups (4), (5) were injected only with 25 mg or 50 mg/kg of ibuprofen for three consecutive days. After 10 days the abdominal cavities were opened and the appearance of formed adhesion were graded. The changes of body weight, CBC and blood chemicals were also evaluated at 3, 6 and 10 days after operation. In ileum, the rats in the groups (2), (6) and (7) showed less adhesion formation. In colon, there were significant differences(p<0.05) in adhesion formation in all treated groups as compared to control. In both uterine horns, there were significant decrease(p<0.05) of adhesion formation in groups(2), (6) and (7) in comparison with other groups. The increasing rate of body weight was evident in group (3) and fibrinogen concentrations at 6 and 10 days revealed significant decrease (p<0.01) in group (7), whereas there was no consistent change in CBC and blood chemicals. Therefore, it can be sugested that the infusion of 2% CMC solution with or without the injection of 25 mg/kg of ibuprofen and 3% CMC solution with the injection of 50 mg/kg of ibuprofen are effective and safe following abdominal surgery,

• Toxicological Research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.375-380
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• 2004

The toxicity of CKD-602 was investigated at doses of 0, 3, 9, and 27 mg/kg in rats, by administering the same total dose over 24-hr continuous infusion or bolus injection. CKD-602 treatment caused gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, soft stool, and soiled perineal region. It also decreased body weight at doses of 9 and 27 mg/kg in a dose-dependant manner. At 3 mg/ kg, clinical signs and body weight decrease were more severe in the infusion group than in the bolus group. In the bolus group, mortalities were 0/8, 0/8, 1/8, and 3/8 at 0, 3, 9, and 27 mg/kg, respectively, whereas those were 0/8, 1/8, 8/8, and 8/8 in the infusion group. $LD_{50}$ values were 36.25 mg/kg for bolus and 3.50 mg/kg for infusion, respectively. This finding indicates that the toxic potency of CKD-602 by continuous infusion is about 10 times higher than by bolus injection. Our findings suggest that the toxic effects of CKD-602 are dependant upon the duration of intravenous administration.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.105-117
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• 2008

Objectives : This research was performed to investigate the effect of five element constitutional acupuncture(Sa-am acupuncture) therapy at acupoints on the Yin meridians on obese rats(Sprague Dawley strain, male) induced by high fat diet. Methods : The control and acupuncture groups were provided with high fat diet, and the acupuncture groups were treated with five element constitutional acupuncture(Sa-am acupuncture) every other day for five weeks. We observed the body weight gain, food intake, riglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, AST, and ALT. Result : The acupuncture group treated with five element acupuncture on the meridians of spleen, heart, pericardium showed significant decrease of body weight, the groups treated on the meridians of lung, heart, pericardium showed signigicant decrease of food intake. Concentration of HDL-cholesterol was significantly increased in the groups treated on the meridians of spleen, heart, pericardium, liver. Conclusion : Reviewing these experimental results, it appears that the five element constitutional acupuncture(Sa-am acupuncture) therapy at acupoints on the meridians of spleen, heart and pericardium have an efficacy on obesity induced by high fat diet.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.39-45
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• 2013

Objectives : This study was conduct to compare of histological changes on four target organs which related with diabetes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods : Diabetes was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by consecutive injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at different doses of 30, 40 and 50 mg/kg for 5 days. After 4 weeks, all rats were sacrificed, five different organs such as pancreas, liver, kidney, and lung were isolated and observed their histological changes by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Masson's trichrome staining. The changes of body weight, blood glucose, and food and water intake were also measured. Results : The multiple administration of STZ was induced diabetes in rats with hyperglycemia, decrease of body weight, increase water and food intake, and histopathological changes of target organs, compared with those of normal rats in both dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. In histological analysis, pancreas was showed decrease of the islet numbers with beta-cell loss. Kidney showed morphological damage with glomerulus hypertrophy, and also lung was showed bronchial epithelial damage with inflammatory cells infiltration. In liver, the portal vein and hepatic artery could not observed, and showed inflammatory cell infiltration with liver fibrosis. Conclusions : These results suggest that the increase of the capacity of STZ, each of the more chronic disease, it can be seen that the damage was deep. Thus, evaluate the resulting drug appropriate depending on the purpose of the model is expected to be selected.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.319-327
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• 1989

In order to study the effects of neomycin sulfate on the kidney of Korean black goats after dosing at 36mg/kg(A group) or 18mg/kg of body weight (B group) twice a day, serum chemical values(BUN, SCr), urinary enzyme(GGT) excretion and urinary analysis were checked and renal lesions were observed by light microscope. The proteinuria and granular casts were observed on the 5-6th day and 7th day of treatment with neomycin respectively in the A group. While these changes were observed on the 4th day and the 6th day respectively in one goat of the B group. Urinary GGT excretion began to increase from the 9th day and reached to maximum concentration on the 15th day of treatment with neomycin in the A group. Thereafter, GGT excretion began to decrease and reach to normal level on the 21th day. But GGT excretion increased on the 9th day in only one goat of the B group. Concentrations of BUN and SCr increased on the 12th day in the A group and in one goat of B group. The kidneys were swollen gross pathologically and the renal tubular epithelial cell changes were noticed histologically in the A group and in one goat of the B group. These changes were included degeneration with hyaline droplet formation, flattened epithelial cells and necrotic epithelium. Granular casts were showed in many tubular lumens. Prfesent results indicated that nephrotoxicosis would not occured in Korean black goats dosing with neomycin sulfate less that 36mg/kg of body weight a day.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.81-93
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• 1997

In order to investigate the anti-stress effect of Hyangbujapalmultnag in immobilization stress rats, the change of body weight, and, the humoral and cellular immune response were measured.The following results were obtained.1. The decrease of the body weight was significantly inhibited in test group, comparing with the control group.2 In the plaque fomation test, the number of the plaque in the control group was decreased but, the decreased in test group was significantly inhibited, comparing with the control group.3. In the hemagglutination titer, the control group was decreased on the serum antibody titer, but, the decreased in test group was significantly inhibited, comparing with the control group.4. In the footpad swelling response, the differences between the control and test group were not shown.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.97-107
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• 2004

As a long-term goal for the development of new prescriptions for hyperlipidemia, SGHHT was examined in the present study using a rat model in which the hyperlipidemia was induced. The major parameters related to lipid metabolism were investigated and the key findings are summarized below. 1. The body weight of hyperlipidemia-induced rats began to show lower body weight beginning one week after SGHHT treatment compared to non-treated control group animals. 2. Cholesterol levels showed a significant decrease beginning three weeks after SGHHT treatment, compared to hyperlipidemia-induced control group. 3. Total cholesterol levels in SGHHT-treated animal group were significantly decreased compared to the hyperlipidemia-induced control group. 4. Glucose levels in SGHHT-treated animal group were significantly decreased compared to the hyperlipidemia-induced control group. 5. Triglyceride levels in SGHHT-treated animal group were significantly decreased compared to the hyperlipidemia-induced control group.6. SGOT levels in SGHHT-treated animal group were significantly decreased compared to the hyperlipidemia-induced control group whereas there was no significant change in SGPT levels. 7. HDL-cholesterol levels were significantly increased in SGHHT- treated animal group compared to the hyperlipidemia-induced control group. 8. LDL-cholesterol levels were significantly decreased in SGHHT-treated animal group compared to the hyperlidemia-induced control group.