• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.52-61
• /
• 2021

Decay fungi can decompose plant debris to recycle carbon in the ecosystem. Still, they can also be fungal pathogens, which can damage living trees and/or wood material and cause a large amount of timber loss. We isolated and identified basidiomycetous fungi from the decayed bark of Mongolian oak wrapped with sticky roll traps. The degrading enzyme activities were then tested for all fungal isolates. The decay ability of selected isolates was assessed based on the weight loss of wood discs after inoculating with culture suspension of decay fungi under the different humidity levels. A total of 46 basidiomycetous fungal isolates belonged to 12 species, and 10 genera were obtained from Jong Myo (16 isolates), Chang Kyung palace (7 isolates), Cheong Gye (10 isolates), and Gun Po (13 isolates). Gymnopus luxurians was the most dominant fungus in the present study, and this species distributed in all survey sites with 9 isolates in Jong Myo, followed by 3 isolates in Chang Kyung palace, while Cheong Gye and Gun Po had only 1 isolate each. Among 46 isolates, 44 isolates secreted at least one enzyme, while 25 isolates produced both cellulase and phenol oxidase enzymes, and 2 isolates produced neither. The assessment of decay ability by artificial inoculation indicated that the weight loss of wood discs was significantly influenced by humidity conditions when inoculated with bark decay fungi. The percent weight losses by G. luxurians inoculation in RH of 90-100% and RH of 65-75% were 4.61% and 2.45%, respectively. The weight loss caused by Abortiporus biennis were 6.67% and 0.46% in RH of 90-100% and RH of 45-55%, respectively. The humidity reduction approach should be applied for further studies to control the growth and spread of bark decay fungi on the trunks wrapped with sticky roll traps.

• Mycobiology
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.215-223
• /
• 2018

In this study, we examined myxomycetes that developed in moist chamber cultures of substrata material collected from $K{\ddot{u}}tahya$ and Konya provinces in Turkey. We collected bark samples from living trees, plant litter from the ground, standing dead wood or stumps, and downed and decayed wood or bark and placed them in the moist chamber cultures. We identified 36 species belonging to 12 genera of myxomycetes. The species determined are listed, and four new records, Didymium balearicum Ing, Macbrideola oblonga Pando & Lado, Paradiacheopsis erythropodia (Ing) Nann-Bremek. and Perichaena pedata (Lister & G. Lister) G. Lister, are added to the mycoflora of Turkey.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
• /
• v.43 no.2
• /
• pp.17-21
• /
• 2009

This experiment was conducted to clarify the effect of waste tire chip on the growth and nutrient content of Cymbidium Pine Clash 'Moon Venus'. There were no significant differences between bark only medium and mixed medium in leaf and stem growth. But in both medium and large size chip only, the leaf and stem growth decreased remarkably. The total number of roots, new roots and root length had similar tendency as in leaf and stem growth. In medium and large tire chip only, the decayed roots increased. There were no significant differences between bark only medium and mixed medium in total sugar, starch, content of chrolophyll, N, P and K, but decreased significantly in both medium and large size chip only.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.19-24
• /
• 2001

14 kinds of perennial flower sods, including 10 Korean native wild perennial flowers such as Lychnis cognata, Achillea sibirica, Sedum spectabile, Sedum takesimense etc. were made with basal sheets of nonwoven fabric or jute fabric. Growth of plants planted on bark was better than that of planted on soil of open area. The plants planted on bark also showed difference in growth rate by the kinds of used basal sheets. In general, the growth of plants was good when nonwoven fabric was used as basal sheet instead of jute fabric. When jute fabric was used as basal sheet, It was severely decayed during growth period resulting in great decreasing of root sticking capacity to basal sheet. It was shown that the procumbent plants such as Tymus quinquecostatus, Ixeris stolonifera, Sedum oryzifolium, Sedum polystichoides having lower plant height and better ground coverage ability compared with upright plants such as Sedum spectabile and Aster glehni were more suitable for floral sod production.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.79 no.4
• /
• pp.419-423
• /
• 1990

This study was carried out to investigate the cause of pith-damaged wood formation, the state of growth, and difference of chemical composition of Japanese Larix(L. leptolepis Gorden). 1. Larix grew normaly to 10 years, and the volume increment was 32.4%. But it was gradually decreased to 19.4% from 11 to 13 years that the heartwood damage was occurred. Therefore, the volume increment was decreased 13%. The decayed wood was formed from fire wound portion of bark by forest fire. The volume loss from pith-dagmaged wood occurred by forest fire was more than 20%. 2. On the ash content, heartwood(0.05%) and pith-damaged wood(0.08%) was lower than sapwood(0.29%). The difference of extractive contents are considered the reason. It is considered that this ash content difference is depend upon the extractive contents among sap, heart and decayed wood parts. Holocellulose contents were from 54.3% to 59.3% and there were no difference among heartwood, pith-damaged wood, and sapwood, On the pentosan contents, heartwood(6.3%) and pith-damaged wood(6.6%) were higher than sapwood. Lignin contents of pith-damaged wood was tower than heartwood (34.4%). This seems to weaken all kinds of wood strength.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.101-109
• /
• 2008

It is very hard to find out Tongbanga-millhouse installed nearby a streamlet to use water with Tongbanga(a kind of water-mill) to polish cereals by pounding like a visage of its old days. It plays an important part in folkloric, architectural and educational aspects. The purpose of this study is to analyse the architectural features of Tongbanga and millhouse itself so that to find the way how to build and fabricate the materials and frame members. Therefore this study has been focused on the composition principle and fabrication method of Tongbanga-millhouse on the side of architecture. The fabrication methods of its house in accordance with regular sequences are as follows. ${\cdot}$ Firstly the decision of location of Tongbanga-millhouse and Hwak(a big mortar made of stone). ${\cdot}$ Slantly three rafter installation at an angle of $50^{\circ}$ to err on the safe side and then slantly fifteen rafter installation making a circular cone shape. ${\cdot}$ Installation of twigs to be circles from bottom to top. ${\cdot}$ Manifoldly covering of trunks peeling the barks from flax plants. ${\cdot}$ Threefoldly thatching with upside barks of oak trees. ${\cdot}$ Placing woods alike rafter on the bark thatches as a weight not to fly away by wind. ${\cdot}$ Binding woods alike rafter with vines of arrowroots to maintain the proper place. The decayed Tongbanga-millhouse by means of upper ways was restored out of all recognition.