• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.67-80
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• 2023

Purpose : The 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee specifically noted that meal frequency is associated with risks for cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and all-cause mortality, although the current evidence on meal frequency is conflicting. As meal frequency itself is affected by various factors, the aim of the study was not only to examine its relationships with cardiometabolic risk but also to identify the mediating effects of dietary quality. Methods : This study used a descriptive correlational design. In all 8,141 healthy adults participated in the study. Measurements included meal frequency, cardiometabolic risk, and diet quality. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis, and process macro bootstrapping model 4. Results : The meal frequency was 3.52±0.61 times per day, the risk of cardiovascular metabolic diseases was 0.01±0.61 points, and the diet quality was 62.08±13.87 points. In mediation analysis, the effect of meal frequency on cardiometabolic risk score was completely mediated by diet quality. Conclusion : Improved diet quality in healthy adults should be considered when designing meal frequency interventions aimed at reducing their cardiometabolic risk, as the effect of meal frequency support on cardiometabolic risk was found to be mediated by diet quality.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.723-730
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• 2014

Objectives : This research was conducted to investigate geriatric care workers' oral care, and the oral care conditions of residents of elder care facilities in relation to workers' knowledge of oral care. Methods : A survey was conducted from November 2011 to February 2012 with geriatric-care workers in elder care facilities located in Busan and other areas of Gyeongsangnam-do. Results : With regard to their oral self-care practices, 52.5% of the geriatric workers "brushed their teeth from top to bottom" and 58.1% brushed their teeth 3 times a day. Further, 52.0% did not use any oral care products, while 36.5% used Mouthrinese. The workers who brushed their teeth in their own ways or from top to bottom had significantly higher oral care knowledge scores than those who brushed from left to right (p<.05). Concerning oral hygiene care for residents, 72.6% of the geriatric workers recommended that elders visit dentists for oral care, 96.6% helped elders oral wash their teeth every day, and 54.7% used oral care products for the elders. The workers who did not recommend visits to dental clinics scored slightly higher than those who did (p<.05). Additionally, those who did not help elders oral wash their teeth scored significantly higher than those who did (p<.05). Except for oral wash to recuperated old man and recommendation of visiting the dentist, relation between oral care and knowledge about oral health and oral hygiene care is plus mutual relation. Conclusions : To manage the accuracy and quality of oral care work performed by geriatric care workers in elder care facilities, enhancing standard training and education on oral care is necessary. Providing systematic, regular education on such knowledge and practices would also be essential.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.890-900
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• 2000

The aim of this investigation was to collect the baseline data about growth, dietary behaviors, nutrient intakes and dietary quality of children at child care centers for planning nutritional management program. The dietary intakes were measured by weighing method for intakes at child care centers and by dietary records by children\\`s mothers for intakes at home. The weight and height were measured and calculated z-scores by using standard of the same age groups. The children were 163 boys and 168 girls and the mean age were 55.6 months(12-78 months) and 56.0 months(16-78 months). respectively. The Z-score for height(0.33) and weight(0. 11) showed that the growth of children were above average. Nutrients intakes such s energy, protein, fiber, iron, sodium, potassium, vitamin A, vitamin B$_1$, vitamin C, niacin of boys from lunch and snack at day care centers were significantly higher than those of girls, and the meals at child care centers provided 20-37% of RDAs. The daily energy intakes were 1332.2kcal(83.1% RDA), protein 44. 26g(109.3% RDA), calcium 437.73mg(72.4% RDA), iron 7.24mg(72.4% RDA), vitamin A 459.6RE(113.1% RDA),vitamin B$_1$ 0.74mg(93.4% RDA), vitamin B$_2$0.79mg(79.7% RDA), niacin 7.66mg(69.9% RDA) and vitamin C 56.84mg(142.1% RDA). The nutrients which more than 50% of subjects ate less than 75% RDA were calcium, iron, niacin, and vitamin B$_2$.The average mean adequacy ratio was 0.80 and mean dietary variety score was 22.42, and those are positively correlated to % RDA of nutrient intakes. In summary, the children using child care centers consumed most nutrients below level of RDA and the nutritional management program at child care center is required to enhance the nutritional status of them. (Korean J Nutrition 33(8) : 890-900, 2000)

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2013

Because of the increasing demand for day care centers, The Korean government has enforced childcare accreditation. The government has created the evaluation certification system for child care facilities. But the system includes variable items, and the physical rules are not sufficient for ensuring security and quality amenities. So this study, through literature search, examined the rules of Child Care Centers in the U.S. and compared them with those in Korea focusing on the provision of security and amenities. The standards found in 4 U.S. states were investigated, and the results are as follows. The rule pertaining to the size of indoor activity spaces in C.C.C. allows the spaces to be smaller in Korea than in the U.S. There is no specific criterion for infants and toddlers in our standard. When comparing the standards of Korea with those of the United States, Korea's standards do not state specific rules about child care facilities such as indoor furniture, finishes and space planning. Additionally, the binding force ensuring compliance with the standards of physical facilities is weak. Thus, the ratings of child care standards for the physical environment should be presented in detail. And if a center does not comply with the criteria, stronger penalties will have to be imposed.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.95-106
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• 2009

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to explore the functional status of elderly residents and to analyze time use, and finally identify factors to predict nursing care needs in relation to functional status and health related variables. Methods: In this study a descriptive-correlational design was used. Functional status of participants was obtained through interviews, and nursing care time was examined using a 1 min time-motion study with a standardized instrument developed by Korea Long-Term Care Planning Committee (2005). Results: The mean total functional score was 65 (range 28-125) and mean total nursing care time was 144.15 min per day. There were significant positive relationships between total nursing care time, marital status, back pain, dementia, and vision impairment. Multiple regression analyses showed that a liner combination of number of illnesses, types of primary disease, ADL, IADL, cognitive function, nursing demand, and rehabilitation demand explained 42.8% of variance of total nursing time. ADL (${\beta}$=-.533) was the most significant predictor of nursing service need. Conclusion: Identifying factors that result in variations of service need has implications for adequate nursing service, estimation of optimum nurse to patient ratio, quality of care and patient safety.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.137-152
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the childcare environment on childcare efficacy of childcare teachers. Methods: The participants in the study were 274 childcare teachers working at childcare centers. The childcare environment was divided into physical environment and the work support environment. Results: The results of this study are as follows. First, there was a significant difference in childcare efficacy depending on the age and career of the childcare teacher. Second, the childcare environment of the childcare center showed a static correlation with the childcare efficacy of the childcare teacher in both the physical environment and the work support environment. Third, the physical environment of the day care center had an affect on child care efficacy. Among the subfactors, furniture for routine care, play and learning had a significant impact. Fourth, the work support environment of the childcare center had an affect on childcare efficacy of the childcare teacher. Among the subfactors, staff interaction and cooperation, and opportunities for professional growth had a significant impact. Conclusion/Implications: In order to enhance childcare efficacy of childcare teachers, a high quality childcare environment should be established.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.134-140
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise therapy and bedside ergometer exercise on muscle strength, function level, and quality of life of persons in intensive care. Design: Randomized Controlled Trial Methods: Sixteen patients in the ICU were randomly assigned to either the exercise group (n=8) or the bedside cycle ergometer group (n=8). Activities in the ICU exercise group (rolling, sitting at the edge of the bed, transfer from sitting to standing, standing balance training, ambulation) and bedside cycle ergometer group were performed 5 times a week for 30 minutes during the ICU admission period. Medical Research Council (MRC) and Functional Status Scale-Intensive Care Unit (FSS-ICU) parameters were assessed at the time of admission to the ICU, and reevaluation was assessed on the day of ICU discharge. The Short Form-36 (SF-36) was assessed at the time of discharge from the ICU. Results: MRC and FSS-ICU were significantly increased before and after intervention in both the experimental and control groups (p<0.05). There was a significant difference between MRC and FSS-ICU in the comparison of the changes before and after the intervention (p<0.05). SF-36 was compared between groups after intervention and there was a significant difference between the experimental and the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Muscle strength and functional levels improved after intervention in both the experimental and control groups. The ICU exercise group was more effective than the bedside cycle ergometer group to improve muscle strength, functional level, and quality of life performance of persons in the ICU.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.759-768
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• 2009

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of a logotherapy program entitled 'Finding meaning in my life' for adolescents with terminal cancer. Methods: A nonequivalent control group, non-synchronized design was conducted with a convenience sample of 44 late adolescents with terminal cancer. The experimental group (n=22) participated in the 'Finding meaning in my life' program which consisted of five-day sessions for one week. The control group (n=22) received the usual nursing care. The effects were measured using adolescent meaning in life (AMIL), and quality of life (QOL) scales. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and t-test using SPSS/PC 17.0 program. Results: There were significant differences in AMIL (t=3.36, p<.05) and QOL (t=2.67, p<.05) between the experimental and control groups. Conclusion: Logotherapy is effective in improving the meaning in life and quality of life of late adolescents with terminal cancer, and can be used to prevent existential distress.

• 한국노년학
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.985-998
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• 2011

본 연구는 노인장기요양보험제도 도입 이후 주야간보호사업소 운영현황을 파악하고 가동률 관련 요인을 탐색하고자 하였다. 전국 주야간보호사업소에 2010년 7월 14일에서 7월 28일까지 설문지를 우편 발송하여 설문에 성실히 응답한 277개소의 조사지를 분석하였다(응답률 24.5%). 사업소의 운영주체는 법인이 219개소(79.1%), 개인이 48개소(17.8%), 국공립 등이 10개소(3.6%)이었으며, 평균 가동률은 국공립 등은 79.08%, 법인은 72.49%인 반면, 개인운영 사업소는 57.58%로 낮았다. 사업소 운영주체별로 전체 인력 수에는 차이가 없었으나, 국공립 사업소는 간호사 수가 1.07명인데 비해 개인 사업소는 0.08명으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 법인 및 국공립사업소가 개인사업소보다 프로그램 실시율이 높았고, 신체활동, 음악활동, 물리치료, 레크레이션, 작업치료 등에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 본 연구결과에 기초할 때, 개인운영 사업소와 2008년 이후에 설립된 사업소에 대해 대상자 평가 및 모니터링, 프로그램 실시에 대한 교육훈련 및 서비스 질 관리를 강화할 필요성이 제기된다. 또한, 주야간보호서비스 이용자의 가족에 대한 실효성 있는 지원을 강화하여 주야간보호서비스에 대한 수요를 확대해야 할 것이다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.471-483
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate food habits, nutrients intakes and nutritional quality of the preschool children living in Seoul. The study was performed by analyzing a questionnaire answered by the mothers of 233 subjects aged 2 to 6 years old. A three-day dietary intakes survey, using a 24 hour recall method was used by both the mothers and teachers of the children in day care centers. Twenty eight, 65.9 and $21.8\%$ of preschool children were underweight, normal and overweight or obese, respectively. It was found that $19.8\%$ of preschool children replied that they skipped breakfast sometimes. The major reasons for skipping breakfast were 'snacks' ($38.3\%$) and 'no appetite' ($32.6\%$). The proportion of subjects having unbalanced meals was $61.6\%$. From the 24-recall survey, it was found that all nutrients intakes were higher than those of the Korean RDA except zinc. The proportions of carbohydrate, protein and fat from total calories were 56,1, 17.2 and $30.7\%$. The P/M/S ratio was 0.62 : 0.86 : 1. Nutrient adquacy (NAR), mean of nu-trient adequacy ratio (MAR) and index of nutritional quality (INQ) were considered adequate. In conclusion, the dietary intakes of children aged 2 to 6 were assumed adequate judging from nutrient intakes, although some attention should be paid to fat intake in this age group.