• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 2020

The characteristics of ship traffic routes and the long term fluctuation in marine traf ic volume of the incoming and outgoing routes of the Yeosu Gwangyang Port were analyzed using vessel traffic data from the past 22 years and a real-time vessel traffic volume survey performed for 72 hours per year, for three years, between 2015 and 2017. As of 2017, the number of vessels passing through Yeosu Gwangyang Port was about 66,000 and the total tonnage of these ships was about 804,564 thousand tons, which is a 400 % increase from the 189,906 thousand tons shipped in 1996. Specifically, the dangerous cargo volume was 140,000 thousand tons, which is a 250 % increase compared to 1996. According to the real-time vessel traffic volume survey, the average daily number of vessels was 357, and traf ic route utilization rates were 28.1 % in the Nakpo sea area, 43.8 % in the specified sea area, and the coastal area traf ic route, Dolsan coastal area, and Kumhodo sea area showed the same rate of 6.8 %. Many routes meet in the Nakpo sea area and, parallel and cross passing were frequent. Many small work vessels entered the specific sea area from the neighboring coastal area traffic route and frequently intersected the path of larger vessels. The anchorage waiting rate for cargo ships was about 24 %, and the nightly passing rate for dangerous cargo ships such as chemical vessels and tankers was about 20 %. Although the vessel traffic volume of Yeosu Gwangyang Port increases every year, the vessel traffic routes remain the same. Therefore, the risk of accidents is constantly increasing. The route conditions must be improved by dredging and expanding the available routes to reduce the high risk of ship accidents due to overlapping routes, by removing reefs, and by reinforcing navigational aids. In addition, the entry and exit time for dangerous cargo ships at high-risk ports must be strictly regulated. Advancements in the VTS system can help to actively manage the traffic of small vessels using the coastal area traffic route.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.282-292
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• 2020

In order to minimize casualties from marine vessel accidents that occur frequently at home and abroad, it is important to ensure the safety of the passengers aboard the vessel in the event of an accident. There is an EPIRB system as a system for disaster preparedness in the marine situation currently on the market, but there is a problem that the price is very expensive. In order to overcome the cost problem, which is a disadvantage of previous system, LoRaWAN-based communication is used. LoRaWAN communication-based vessel positioning and risk detection system based on LoRaWAN communication transmits measurement data of each module using two Beacon and GPS modules to stably perform position measurement for both indoor and outdoor situations. The rider danger situation detection system can detect the safety status of the rider using the 3-axis acceleration sensor, collect data from the rider positioning system and the rider safety status detection system, and send to server using LoRa communication. When conducting communication experiments in the long-distance maritime situation and actual communication experiments using the implemented system, it was found that the two experiments showed over 90% communication success rate on average.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.775-782
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• 2021

The Myodo-Strait at Yeosu Port is normally used as a major vessel passage for dangerous cargo carriers that carry regular products of dangerous goods. Currently, the Myodo-Strait allows only single passage, and the speed of passage is also limited to 8 knots. As a result, demurrage at the wharf of hazardous goods are also on the rise. It is expected that the development of a number of dangerous commodity wharf in the future will increase the volume of vessel traffic and increase the number of vessels used in the project area. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the waterway in order to secure the safety of ships using the waterway and improve the demurrage. This study proposed an improvement plan for the waterway through the analysis of the marine environment of the waterway and the process of collecting opinions from users in the sea area. and it was finally proposed to expend the width of the strait to 300m and secure a depth of 9.50m through Guidelines of Port and Harbor Design review and ship handling simulation evaluation. In addition it was evaluated that the vessel traffic congestions at peak-time in the situation of solo passage was greatly improved from 71.01% to 47.3% even when it was allowed to ship's crossing passage, as a result of vessel traffic congestions evaluation. According to the proposed improvement plan, the safety of ships' passage in the project area can be secured, and the issue of demurrage was also considered to be improved.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.836-842
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• 2023

Under the Welfare of Disabled Persons Act, the national qualification test allows disabled and non-disabled people to appear for the same test, and the deaf do not fall under the reason for disqualification from obtaining a license for power-driven water leisure crafts; therefore, even the deaf can obtain a license. During a risk of collision at sea, ships and power-driven water leisure crafts notify the other party of dangerous signals such as maneuvering and warning signals through sound signals to prevent accidents that may occur because surrounding ships are not visible. However, a method is required to prevent marine accidents that may occur when the deaf cannot hear danger signals through sounds from nearby ships or power-driven water leisure crafts during leisure activities owing to hearing impairment. A sound reception system is a device installed on a ship where missionary work is completely deposed to display the amplification of external sounds and the direction of sound reception on the screen. Through visual display of sound signals such as dangerous signals that cannot be heard owing to hearing impairment, improvement measures were proposed to prevent marine accidents that can occur owing to the inability of the deaf to check sound signals during leisure activities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.71-76
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• 2004

To deal with ship collision or grounding, double hull structure has been applied to ships carrying dangerous cargoes. Studies about ability of double hull structure to absorb collision energy and determining fracture state are still under researching. In this study, commercial analysis code, LS-DYNA3D, is used to analyze collision strength of ships in various scenarios. 46K Chemical／Product Carrier is used as analysis subject ship. Study about Energy-Indentation and Force-Indentation is conducted under conditions that weight and collision velocity are changed. Results of this study are very helpful to make mechanism of collision accident clear and to supply useful information about collision strength criteria.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.71-78
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• 2020

This paper proposes vision sensors and deep learning-based around view monitoring system for ship berthing. Ship berthing to the port requires precise relative position and relative speed information between the mooring facility and the ship. For ships of Handysize or higher, the vesselships must be docked with the help of pilots and tugboats. In the case of ships handling dangerous cargo, tug boats push the ship and dock it in the port, using the distance and velocity information receiving from the berthing aid system (BAS). However, the existing BAS is very expensive and there is a limit on the size of the vessel that can be measured. Also, there is a limitation that it is difficult to measure distance and speed when there are obstacles near the port. This paper proposes a relative distance and speed estimation system that can be used as a ship berthing assist system. The proposed system is verified by comparing the performance with the existing laser-based distance and speed measurement system through the field tests at the actual port.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.201-208
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• 2017

The major cause of the marine accidents is the collision with a moving object such as ship as well as the fixed object such as breakwater. Therefore, the most effective way to reduce the maritime ship accidents is the prevention of collision. In order to decrease the collision, it is principle that the navigation officer promptly judges the dangerous condition and makes the quick response. The ship does not allow any object or other ships approaching its surrounded area called ship area so that it prevents the collision. Generally, the ship which has high speed or poor maneuvering capability shall be managed from the distance so that the other ship does not invade its ship domains(watching distance, blocking distance). Accordingly, this study sets the navigational risk assessment model by applying ship dynamic domain and collision judgement method considered ship length, speed and navigational capability. It also reviewed the validity of the model and evaluated the perilous water way (Maenggol Channel) and a curved route near Maenggol Channel. As a result, in case of a ship with 100m in length passing Maenggol Channel, it represented "warning" level before 1.5nm to the entry, "dangerous"level 0.75nm before to it and "very dangerous" level 0.5nm before to it and then "dangerous"level again up to the entry. Applying to the curved route also showed the same results as the Narrow Channel or Maenggol Channel. This analysis highly matched with the actual navigation results. In the future, this model will be useful for coastal navigation safety chart development and safety evaluation for route or port development. It also allows to evaluate the dangerous route or the best route by applying the result into ECDIS so that it will finally help to reduce the marine accidents. Eventually the model will be effective for the marine traffic simulation evaluation forced by Maritime Traffic Safety Act.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.1 s.107
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• pp.1-8
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• 2006

Recently, many ships such as VLCCs, dangerous cargo ships, high speed ferry boats are visiting Yeosu, Gwangyang harbor. The traffic volume of the year 2003 has increased as many as 2.5 times of 1988. However there is no suitable ships' routeing system which takes account of today's traffic situations in this area This study aims at the settling of hazardous factors to mitigate the danger to vessels in Yeosu${\cdot}$Gwangyang bay and to secure the safety of maritime environment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.211-217
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• 2008

Natural environment, topographical conditions and marine traffic flows were investigated and questionnaire surveys were performed for the purpose of understanding the cause of marine accidents. The frequent cases of ships' dragging have happened at the anchorages of E-1, E-2 and E-3. The anchorage area is insufficient for the accommodation of a number of ships, the dolphins at the nearby piers are located near a narrow fairway. SBMs' are positioned too close to the fairway. It shows that many crossing marine traffic flows occur in all areas of the port. Marine casualties are concentrated mainly at No. 1 fairway, M1-M7 waters close to the dolphins and Gwanjeolgot, "E" anchorage and the waters close to the fairway "come and go" areas. The marine traffic flow is mainly caused by the ships' movement at the inter-port and most of the ships are the dangerous cargo carriers. And small ships like the tug-barge are moving disorderly in the ports. Furthermore, the fairway‘s layout is crossing each other. Questionnaire surveys of the users and experts shows that the LANBY that can distinguish the fairway of "come and go" ports is required.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.33-59
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• 1990

In cold season, the developed extratropical cyclones and associated cold fronts, and NW winter monsoon are encountered very frequently in the North Pacific, especially in the northwest part of it. The two sea areas, namely, the northwest part of North Pacific, especially the eastern area far off Japan east coast, and Burmuda Triangle in the North Atlantic are generally known as two of the most dangerous areas in the world because of high incidence of sea casualties. Even large ocean going vessels were sunk frequently due to strong winds and very high seas caused by NW monsoon or developed cyclones during the winter months. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the real state of heavy weather and high sea phenomena on the vesscls at sea, thus helping mariners operate in such conditions.