• Journal of Marine Life Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.180-186
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• 2022

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different salinity on growth, survival and hematological parameters of juvenile chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta). The fish were tested at salinity 0, 10, 20 and 30‰ for 30 days with three replicated groups. After the 30 days, the survival rate was 87.5% or more for 0, 10, 20‰ and significantly decreased to 75% at 30‰. Weight gain, specific growth rate, feed efficiency, daily feed intake, daily protein intake and protein efficiency ratio were the highest at 10‰. In the plasma components, the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was significantly decreased at 10, 20 and 30‰ in compared with 0‰, whereas sodium (Na⁺) and chloride (Cl^-) was significant increased and there was no significant change in the total protein (TP) and potassium (K⁺). In conclusion, the optimal salt concentration for the growth of juvenile chum salmon (11~33 g) was confirmed to be 10‰, but the association with the change in blood composition should be further studied.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.320-324
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• 2010

We investigated the proper feeding frequency and satiation rate for the growth of red- and white-colored carp fingerlings in a feeding experiment. Triplicate groups of fish averaging 6.3 g were fed diets at four feeding frequencies (1, 2, 3, or 4 meals a day) and two satiation rates (satiation and 80% satiation) for 6 weeks. The survival of the fish was not affected by either the feeding frequency or the satiation rate. The weight gain, feed efficiency, and protein efficiency ratio of fish were affected by the feeding frequency and satiation rate, and increased significantly with both. The feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio with satiation feeding of fish fed four meals a day did not differ from those of fish fed three meals a day. The daily feed intake was affected by the feeding frequency and satiation rate. The moisture, crude lipid, and ash contents of whole body were affected by the feeding frequency. Moisture and crude lipid contents were affected by feeding satiation. Based on these results, we conclude that the proper feeding frequency and satiation rate for the optimum growth of red- and white-colored carp fingerlings is four meals a day with satiation feeding.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.324-328
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• 1997

The objectives of this study were to measure growth rate and endocrine changes and to improve milk production by somatostatin passive immunization in rat. Experimental animals were 10 weeks old 20 Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were randomly assigned each 10 in control (normal sheep serum injected: NSS) and treatment (anti-somatostatin injected), and pre-fed for 2 weeks. Anti-somatostatin was purified from serum of 1 year old sheep after somatostatin active immunization, and was injected daily to rats, and growth rate and milk yield were measured for 14 days. Growth rate of litters was 2.15 g/d and 2.32 g/d in NSS and anti-somatostatin injected, respectively. Milk production was increased 6.2% in day 8 and 6.5% in day 12 by anti-somatostatin injection. Plasma growth hormone, insulin, glucose, and urea-N were increased, but non-esterified fatty acid was decreased by anti-somatostatin injection. In summary, passive immunization of somatostatin improved growth rate of litters and milk production in rats.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.235-242
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• 2014

This study was conduct to investigate the effect of Intermediate culture types on the growth and survival rate of the abalone, Haliotis discus hannai, in net cage and indoor tank. Intermediate cultures were to determine there that was to setting at marine net cage culture (NCC) in net cage, floor culture (FC), net floor culture (NFC), double shelter culture (DSC) and indoor net cage culture (INCC) in indoor tank, in two replicate. In the growth performance of juvenile abalone reared through intermediate culture, that the absolute growth rate ($AGR_{SL}$, $AGR_{SB}$), daily growth rate ($DGR_{SL}$, $DGR_{SB}$), and specific growth rate ($SGR_{SL}$, $SGR_{SB}$) to the shell length $(_{SL})$ and shell breadth $(_{SB})$ of NCC were higher than those of different groups (P < 0.05). As weight gain (WG), daily weight gain (DWG) and specific weight gain (SWG) to body weight through intermediate culture types in indoor tank was not significant. Also that, survival rate among experimental groups of intermediate culture in indoor tank was not significant. Therefore, these results is showed that should to cultivate for net cage so that intermediate culture of juvenile abalone over 2 cm, accordingly research to effective progress of juvenile abalone intermediate culture in indoor tank be should from various reason as well as feed and rearing condition.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.179-184
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• 2009

This studies were carried out to assess the effects of feeding bovine colostrum on growth and feed intake of mouse. A total of 30 mice were divided into three groups(10 mice for each groups), and treatments(colostrum, city milk, or no milk as the control) were randomly assigned. Average daily intake of solid feed during the experimental period were 4.73, 3.95 and 3.41g for control, normal milk, and colostrum, respectively. Average daily intake of milk were 0, 9.93, and 10.17g for control, normal milk, and colostrum, respectively. Average daily water intake were 6.28, 4.743, and 4.67g for control, normal milk, and colostrum, respectively. The growth rate of the colostrum group was 16.7% higher compared to the control group (P<0.05). There were differences in the concentrations of IL-4 and IL-13 associated with allergy in mouse blood at colostrum and city milk feeding as compared with control.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.1065-1076
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• 2024

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effects of dietary mulberry leaves on the growth, production performance, gut microbiota, and immunological parameters of poultry and livestock. Methods: The PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases were systematically analyzed to identify pertinent studies up to December 2022. The effects of mulberry leaf diet was assessed using the weighted mean difference, and the 95% confidence interval was calculated using a random-effects model. Results: In total, 18 studies that sampled 2,335 poultry and livestock were selected for analysis. Mulberry leaves improved the average daily gain and reduced the feed/meat ratio in finishing pigs, and the average daily gain and average daily feed intake in chicken. In production performance, mulberry leaves lowered the half carcass weight, slaughter rate, and loin eye area in pigs, and the slaughter rate in chickens. Regarding meat quality in pigs, mulberry leaves reduced the cooked meat percentage, shear force, crude protein, and crude ash, and increased the 24 h pH and water content. In chickens, it increased the drip loss, shear force, 45 min and 24 h pH, crude protein, and crude ash. Mulberry leaves also affect the abundances of gut microbiota, including Bacteroides, Prevotella, Megamonas, Escherichia-Shigella, Butyricicoccus, unclassified Ruminococcaceae, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Escherichia coli in poultry and livestock. Mulberry leaves at different doses were associated with changes in antioxidant capacity in chickens, and immune organ indexes in pigs. With respect to egg quality, mulberry leaves at different doses improved the shell strength, yolk color, eggshell thickness, and eggshell weight. However, moderate doses diminished the egg yolk ratio and the egg yolk moisture content. Conclusion: In general, dietary mulberry leaves improved the growth, production performance, and immunological parameters in poultry and livestock, although the effects varied at different doses.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.125-133
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• 2008

To investigate the effect of repeated food deprivation and refeeding on the hyperphagia, compensatory growth, feed efficiency, body composition, hepatosomatic index (HSI), and survival rate of the juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus, an experiment was conducted for 90 days. Feeding treatments consisted of the following five regimes for 90 days from August to October, 2005: C: daily satiation feeding (control), S1: 1-day satiation feeding after 1-day food deprivation, S2: 1-day satiation feeding after 2-day food deprivation, S3: 1-day satiation feeding after 3-day food deprivation and S4: 1-day satiation feeding after 4-day food deprivation, respectively. Although the monthly feed intake (MFI) of the control was significantly higher than that of all of the starved groups, the daily feed intake (DFI) was more higher in S1, S2, and S3 than that in the control as a result of hyperphagia after starvation. While the feed efficiency in the summer (to day 30) decreased in all of the starved groups with prolongation of the starvation period, the feed efficiency in the autumn (to day 90) was increased with prolongation of the starvation period. The whole body proximate composition and HSI were also affected by starvation. The crude protein, lipid, and HSI decreased with prolongation of the starvation period, whereas the crude ash and moisture increased. The growth rate and condition factor also decreased in proportion to the starvation period. The survival rate was highest in the control and was the lowest in S4. In this study, although hyperphagia occurred in the deprived groups, we knew that the compensatory growth did not always occur.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.195-202
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• 2007

The growth traits in swine are economically important, which are measured by gain in weight during test period or by age of days to certain weight. However, the difference in growth rate due to individual performance and also other factors occurs. The more reasonable estimation of the measurements of these traits provides the less error in genetic evaluation of pigs. The data from 1,576 heads being weighed periodically of Gyungnam-heugdon(Berkshire) were analyzed to estimate the growth curve which is used to decide average daily gain and days to 90kg. It may not be possible to directly compare accuracy between the conventional methods and the alternative methods. However, the alternative methods by growth curve would be superior to the conventional methods not only in theoretical background, but also in acceptability for diverse factors such as breed, sex and age. The theoretical superiority of the alternative methods comes from estimation at same age in daily gain and calculation of additional days from measuring date to days to 90kg by growth curve of individual. Also this can be easily adopted in a computer system according to breed and sex.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.679-685
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• 2012

A study was carried out to observe the effects of feed types on the growth, feed preference, and enteric feed transition rate of juvenile starry flounder, Platichthys stellatus for 45 days. Fifty fish (avg. 135 g) were stocked each in replication, and fed a commercial extruded pellet diet (EP, 45% protein) and a moist pellet diet (MP, 65% raw mackerel+35% feed powder in wet basis), respectively. The MP presented the higher performance than that of the EP on the feed efficiency ($68.3{\pm}0.9%$ for EP and $92.3{\pm}4.3%$ for MP) and the specific growth rate ($1.07{\pm}0.07$ for the EP and $1.20{\pm}0.05%$ for the MP). In contrast, the EP showed the higher feed preference in terms of the daily feed intake ($1.57{\pm}0.08%$ for the EP and $1.30{\pm}0.01$ for the MP) and the ad libitum feeding rate after a fast of 72 hours (1.73% for the EP and 1.35% for the MP). The feed transition rate through intestinal canals decreased exponentially in both the EP and the MP, showing the faster transition rate with the EP. In the result, starry flounder appeared to have the better feed preference to the EP, but have the higher feed efficiency and growth performance to the MP.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.1245-1249
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• 2001

A study was conducted with 14 gayals to study their growth pattern from birth to 24 months of age, and gayal was compared with native calves and crossbred calves of gayals and exotic animals. A significant difference in liveweight gains up to 3 months (p<0.001) or up to 6 months (p<0.05) was found between gayal and native calves, but the difference reduced with increase of age and found non-significant (p>0.05) at 9 months and 12 months. The daily liveweight gain up to 3, 6, 9 or 12 months of age of gayals were 404.60, 306.80, 315.20 and 312.20 g/d, respectively and of native calves were 217.3, 245.3, 262.0 and 269.0 g/d, respectively. Gayal female calves had lower weights at birth (20.2 kg) and weaning (81.8 kg) and daily liveweight gains (298.5 g/d) than males (24.3 kg, 84.0 kg and 317.8 g/d, respectively) but the differences were not significant (p>0.05). Cross breeding gayal cows with Friesian bulls increased daily liveweight gain of the crossbred calves. The rate of increase of daily liveweight gain may further be increased if gayals are crossed with beef type animals, and optimum feeding may also be required which needs further research.