• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.341-347
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• 2000

To estimate crack growth rate and cycle ratio uniquely, many investigators have developed various kinds of mechanical parameters and theories. But, these have produced local solution space through single parameter. Neural Networks can perform pattern classification using several input and output parameters. Fatigue damage model by neural networks was used to recognize the relation between da/dN N/Nf, and half-value breadth ratio B/BO0, fractal dimension Df and fracture mechanical parameters in 2024-T3 ability to predict both crack growth rate da/dN and cycle ratio N/Nf within engineering estimated mean error (5%).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
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• 1986.12a
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• pp.512.1-512
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• 1986

The cdd gene of Bacillus subtilis, encoding the deoxycytidinecytidine deaminase of pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis has been cloned into the EcoRl site of pBR322. The recombinant plasmid, pSol, promoted the synthesis of 100-140 fold elevated levels of the enzyme. A comparison of the polypeptides encoded by cdd complementing and non-complementing plasmids in the mini cell showed the gene product to have a molecular mass of approximately 14 kDa. The nucleotide sequence of the gene and 460 base pairs upstream from the coding region was determined. An open-reading frame, encoding a protein with a calculated molecular mass of 14337 Da, was deduced to be the coding region for cdd. However, the enzyme has an apparent molecular mass of 54 kDa as determined by gel filteration, whereas sucrose density gradient centrifugation shows 58 kDa. It means that the enzyme could be forming a tetramer in a physiological state. About 28 amino acids of the N-tetramer in a physiological state. About 28 amino acids of the N-terminal presumably form a signal for membrane translocation and six cystein residues are contained in the structure. S1 nuclease mapping indicated that transcription of cdd is initiated 17 base pairs upstream from the translational start. The structural characterization of the odd gene was performed.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.36-42
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• 1993

Expression of insecticidal protein by fusion product of truncated HD-1[CryIA(a)] N-terminal and HD-73[CryIA(c)] C-Terminal fragment of Bacillus thruingiensis subsp. kurstaki was investigate. Immunological analysis of transformants by using polyclonal antisera raised against the whole-crystal protein of HD-1 revealed that SK4 and SK5 were observed cross-reaction with polypeptides of 77-kDa and 105-kDa, respectively. Bioassay of the transformant pSK5 to Plutella maculipennis and Heliothis assulta were 96% and 97%, respectively.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.458-463
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• 2003

The effect of ozone surface treatment of montmorillonite (MMT) was investigated in thermal stabilities of polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites. Sodium montmorillonite (Na$\^$+/-MMT) was organically modified with dodecylammonium chloride. The surface properties of MMT, including the specific surface area (S$\_$BET/), equilibrium spreading pressure ($\pi$$\_$e/), and London dispersive component (${\gamma}$s$\^$L/), were studied by the BET method with $N_2$ adsorption. Also, the thermal stabilities of the nanocomposites were investigated in DSC and TGA. As experimental results, $\pi$$\_$e/ and ${\gamma}$s$\^$L/ of the ozonized dodecylammonium chloride (DA-MK ( $O_3$)) were increased in about 1.7 and 3.5 mJ/ $m^2$, resulting from the increasing of the micropores. From the DSC results, it was found that the melting temperature and crystallization temperature of PP/DA-MK and PP/DA-MK ( $O_3$) were higher that those of pure PP. These results were explained that dodecylammonium chloride of nano-scale led to a nucleation effect for PP crystallization. Also, it was found that E$\_$t/ of the PP/DA-MK ( $O_3$) nanocomposies was increased within about 64 kJ/mol. These results were probably explained by the improvement of dispersivity of DA-MK ( $O_3$) in a PP matrix.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.218-223
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• 2000

Using two drugs, tunicamycin and brefeldin A, which affect protein processing, we investigated the intracellular processing mechanism of secreted aspartyl proteinase 1 (SAPl) of Candide albicans. Three intracellular forms of SAPI were detected by immunoblotting using menoclonal antibody (MAb) CAPl. Their molecular weights were approximately 40, 41 and 45 kDa, respectively. The 41 kDa protein is a glycoprotein and may be the same as the extracellular form judging by its molecular mass. The 40 kDa protein was the unglycosylated form and its molecular mass coincided with deglycosylated SAPl and the 45 kDa protein was also the unglycosylated form. Neither the 40 and 45 kDa proteins were detected in the culture supernatant of C. albicans. These suggested that the 40 and 45 kDa proteins might be intracellular precursor forms of SAPI. These results show that SAPI is translated as a 45 kDa precusor form in the endoplasmic reticulum and the 45 kDa precursor farm undergoes proteolytic cleavage after translocation into the Golgi apparatus, generating the 40 kDa precursor form. This 40 kDa precursor is converted into a 41 kDa mature form through glycosylation in the Golgi apparatus. The mature form of the 41 kDa protein is sorted into secretary vesicles and finally released into the extracellular space through membrane fusion. When the glycan region of SAPl was digested with N-glycosidase F, both stability and activity of the enzyme decreased. These results indicate that the glycan attached to the enzyme may, at least in parti be related to enzyme stability and activity.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.1101-1108
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dry-aging (DA) and the cooking process on the myofibril protein functionalities and in vitro digestibility of proteins in beef loin. Six sirloins from beef were dry-aged for 28 d, and the control group (n=6) was analyzed 2 d postmortem for this study. Dimensional changes (reduction of thickness and surface shrinkage) after cooking were significantly greater in the control group than the DA group, whereas the shear force of the DA group was significantly lower than that of the control. Effect of cooking on aggregation, hydrophobicity, and in vitro digestibility were significantly higher in the DA group than in the control. After cooking, the protein in DA sirloins was more oxidized than in the control samples. According to the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis result, the low molecular weight bands (below 17 kDa) increased in the DA group, finding that the protein characteristics of dry-aged beef was affected by cooking.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.130-138
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• 2010

Orchid fleck virus (OFV) is an unassigned plant virus in the family Rhabdoviridae. OFV was isolated from Cymbidium sp. showing oval necrotic lesions on their leaves in Korea, and designated as OFV-NHHS1. The complete nucleotide sequence of the RNA1 (6,413 nt) (GenBank accession no. AB516442) and RNA2 (6,001 nt) (GenBank accession no. AB516441) was determined in this study. RNA1 and RNA2 contained five and one ORF respectively. RNA1 encodes nucleocapsid (N) of 49 kDa, ORF2 of 26 kDa, ORF3 of 38 kDa, ORF4 of 20 kDa and glycoprotein (G) of 61 kDa proteins, whereas RNA2 encodes a single polymerase of 212 kDa. OFV-NHHS1 shared extremely high similarity of 98.6-100% and 98.9-99.6% in nucleotidle and amino acid sequences with a Japanese isolate, OFV-so, respectively. However, the N, G and L of OFV-NHHS1 revealed 6.9-19.3%, 7.3-12.0%, and 13.4-26.6% identities to those of 29 Rhabdoviruses, respectively. To survey the infection rate of OFV in commercial orchids in Korea, 51 Cymbidium sp., 10 Phalaenopsis sp., 22 Oncidium sp. and 21 Dendrobium sp. plants that showed typical viral symptoms were collected. RT-PCR with specific primers for detection of Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV), ORSV and OFV showed high infection rate by ORSV alone and double infection by ORSV and CymMV. One of the orchids tested was infected with OFV. This is the first report of the complete nucleotide sequences of OFV isolated in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.553-557
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• 1999

Five fungi (mushrooms), Daedaleopsis styracina, Trichaptum abietium, Coriolus versicolor, Pisolithus tinctorius and Tricholomopsis decora, were screened and examined the fibrinolytic activity and specificity. The extracts of mushrooms showed a level of fibrinolytic activity that was about 3-4 times higher than that of plasmin 1.0 unit. In particular, Pisolithus tinctorius of them showed the greatest enzyme activity (4.71 plasmin unit/mL) by fibrin plate assay, and the highest specificity (1.32 plasmin unit/mL) using chromogenic substrate (N-p-Tosyl-Gly-Pro-Lys p-nitroanilide) by Tricholomopsis decora. And the same molecular mass 54 and 61kDa showing the fibrinolytic activity obtained from all fruiting bodies were confirmed, and it was found that Trichaptum abietium and Tricholomopsis decora have a strong fibrinolytic enzyme with an apparent size of 100 kDa and 84 kDa, respectively on SDS-fibrin zymography activity assay.

• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
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• v.5
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• pp.375-398
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• 2002

Um von der 'kritischen' Situation des Faches DaF rauszukommen, werden viele Versuche untemommen, durch die Verbesserung des Untenichts in der Richtung nach der Entwicklung der kommunikativen $F\"{a}higkeit$ Deutsch als Fremdsprache wieder attraktiv und $konkurrenzf\"{a}hig$ zu machen. Aber leider sieht die Zwischenbilanz nicht so erfolgreich aus. Eine der Ursachen $daf\"{u}r\;l\"{a}sst$ sich mE. darin sehen, dass die $Ans\"{a}tze,\;die\;haupts\"{a}chlich\;f\"{u}r$ den Unterricht von Deutsch als Zweitsprache entwickelt wurden, ohne $gen\"{u}gende$ Berucksichtigung auf die kulturellen und institutionellen Unterschiede zwischen den Lemsituationen im zielsprachigen Land und im Heimatland der Schuler eingesetzt werden. In diesem Kontext $w\"{a}re\;es\;n\"{o}tig$, auf die Unterschiede zwischen DaF und DaZ und ihre Wirkung auf die Lehrstrategien im DaF-Unterricht zuruckzugreifen, Dabei sind auf einige Faktoren besonders zu achten, die DaF-Untenicht vom DaZ-Untenicht unterscheiden: die Mangel an den $M\"{o}glichkeiten$ der authentischen Kommunikation, die $Homogenit\"{a}t\;der\;Sch\"{u}ler$, die Lemkultur in der schlulischen Institution, das Alter, in dem die Sch\"{u}ler$ mit dem Lemen der Zielsprache beginnen. Daraus lassen sich die folgenden unterrichtlichen Konsequenzen ergeben: Die Lehrer sollten sich bemtihen, den $Sch\"{u}lern\;die\;M\"{o}glichkeiten\;f\"{u}r$ die authentischen Kommunikation besorgen, besonders $au{\ss}erhaib$ des Unterrichts, z.B. durch das Chatting- Projekt, $w\"{a}hrend$ im Unterricht mehr $Anl\"{a}sse\;f\"{u}r$ die Reflexion gegeben sollten. Und dabei sollten die unterrichtlichen Vorteile-die gemeinsame Muttersprache und Kultur, das Alter usw. - aktiv benutzt werden. Die meisten Koreaner beginnen $n\"{a}mlich$ mit dem Lernen der zweiten Fremdsprache erst in oder nach der $Pubert\"{a}t$. In diesem Zusammenhang sollte es auch betont werden, dass sich die Autonomie der Lerner durch den Unterricht richtig entwickelt, damit sie $sp\"{a}ter$ ihre Fertigkeiten autonom entwickeln $k\"{o}nnen$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.112-120
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• 2015

In this study, the growth rate of surface cracks (da/dN) during the retardation period was analyzed in terms of effective stress intensity factor range(${\Delta}K_{eff}^*$) obtained by using the proposed effective plastic zone concept. Effective stress intensity factors obtained by using the effective plastic zone concept were smaller than those obtained by using Willenborg analysis. On the growth rate of surface cracks analyzed by ${\Delta}K$, the dependence of overload stress levels appears. On the growth rate by ${\Delta}K_{eff}$ obtained by Willenborg analysis, there is a linear relationship with two different slops between da/dN and ${\Delta}K_{eff}$. However, on the growth rate by ${\Delta}K_{eff}^*$ obtained by the proposed effective plastic zone concept, there is a linear relationship between da/dN and ${\Delta}K_{eff}^*$ that coincides with the results of constant amplitude loading.