• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.15-28
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• 2005

To address the ability of Kung-Kyung-Ilho-Jeon(KK) to induce cell death, we investigated the effect of KK on cell viability. Forty-eight hours later, loss of viability occurred following KK exposure in a dose-dependent manner. The treatment of KK, a commonly used herb formulation in Korea and China, caused a decrease in cell viability. KK also resulted in apoptotic morphology a brightly blue-fluorescent condensed nuclei by Hoechst 33258-staining, and reduction of cell volume. Our results show that KK induces caspase-3 and -9 activation in a time-dependent manner. In addtion, the translocation of cytochrome c release into cytoplasm has been observed under the presence of $5mg/m{\ell}$ KK. The subsequent loss of mitochondria membrane potential is collapsed by the addition of KK. Our immunoblotting data show that PARP, a well known caspase-3 and -6 substrate, is cleaved by KK. We show that a pro-apoptotic protein, Bax is increased in the presence of KK but that the amount of Bcl-2 is not changed. We suggest that Bax, a critical protein which can regulate channel of mitochondria to release cytochrome c, is a key protein in KK-induced apoptosis of Hela human cervical carcinoma cells

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2006

To prevent human body injury from oxidative stress, antioxidants are very important and many research about antioxidants are generally being conducted. Hydrogen peroxide($H_2O_2$) that is one of vitality oxygen species has been seen that cause various diseases, DNA damage and gene change. The purpose of this study was to examine the inhibition effect of Zizania latifolia Rhizoma on apoptosis induced by $H_2O_2$ in Neuro2A cell. Neuro2A cells were cultivated in RPMI(GibcoBRL) with 5% FBS and treated with $H_2O_2$ and Zizania latifolia Rhizoma. We measured the cell viability and analyzed DNA fragmentation. Activity of PARP, Cytochrome C, caspase-9, caspase-3, p53, p21, Bax and Bcl-2 in the cell was examined dy using western blot. The results obtained were as Follows: The cell viability in Zizania latifolia Rhizoma treatment (60ug/ml<) decreased significantly compared with that of none treatment. (P<0.001) Zizania latifolia Rhizoma increased cell viability about twice as much as that being injury by $H_2O_2$. (Zizania Latifolia Rhizoma 20ug/ml, $H_2O_2$ 200uM, P<0.001) DNA fragmentation developed by $H_2O_2$, but was not developed in Zizania latifolia Rhizoma treatment. PARP, Cytochrome C, caspase-9 and caspase-3 activated all by $H_2O_2$ but were not activated in Zizania latifolia Rhizoma treatment. P53, P2l and Bax activated dy $H_2O_2$, and Bcl-2 got into inactivation. But the opposite results appeared in Zizania latifolia Rhizoma treatment. In conclusion, these results suggest that Zizania latifolia Rhizoma inhibit the development of DNA fragmentation and apoptosis by $H_2O_2$ and the antioxidant action of Zizania latifolia Rhizoma is effective. More researches about effect of Zizania latifolia Rhizoma are considered to need.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.104-114
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• 2023

In this study, the distribution, bait preference, hosts, symbionts, habitat status, and cytochrome c oxidase subunit-I sequences of the ant Linepithema humile were analyzed. This species habitat comprised approximately 1.5 km along stone crevices, flower gardens, roadsides, and container yards in the vicinity of Busan station, Korea. Feeding activity of this species was confirmed in 9 species of 7 families of plants. Which was approximately 14% of total flora (63 species of 37 families) in the studied area. Particularly, it was observed that Dendranthema indicum and Camellia japonica were the most frequently visited. Further, we verified that they interacted with four species of aphids. We identified 22 species of ants (17 genera, 4 subfamilies) inhabiting the Busan station area, including L. humile, Tetramorium tsushimae, Nylanderia flavipes and the alien species Paratrechina longicornis. In areas where L. humile was the dominant species, the habitat of local native ants was reduced by approximately 30%. Bait preference was ranked in the following order: jelly, water with glucose (25%), and yogurt, with the highest preference for baits containing sugar and protein. The 630-bp cytochrome c oxidase subunit-I sequences of the local L. humile populations were 99% identical to those of L. humile in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database, and the Argentine ants that invaded Korea had a sequence identical to that of other invasive populations from China, Japan, and New Zealand. As L. humile rapidly increases due to domestic adaptation, continuous monitoring and control strategy for eradication are needed to protect domestic biodiversity.

• 약학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.298-304
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• 1997

Molecular mechanics and conformation search methods were carried oyt to investigate the relationship between conformations and thromboxane synthetase ingibitory activities of om ega-pyridylalkenoic acids. The initial geometries of ${\omega}$-pyridylalkenoic acids and heme part of cytochrome P-450 were obtained from MM+ geometry optimization. The bond lenths and angles were not varied by step during the conformation searching. Stable conformers of some ${\omega}$-pyridylalkenoic acids were obtained by comformational search method. The distances were 8.5~10.8 ${\AA}$- between N atom at 3-position of pyridine ring and C atom at carboxylic group of stable ${\omega}$-pyridylalkenoic acids. The conformations of ${\omega}$-pyridylalkenoic acids and heme part complex were determined by same method. In theses structures, benzene ring and ethylene group in ${\omega}$-pyridylalkenoic acids are making the structure more rigid and increase inhbitory activity. The electron donating groups in C atom shich is connected to pyridine ring also increase activity.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.178-184
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• 2012

Echinoids were collected at depths of 5-10 m in Munseom, Jeju Island by SCUBA diving on November 23, 2008 and September 15, 2009. Two specimens were identified as Echinometra mathaei (Blainville, 1825) based on morphological characteristics and molecular analyses of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I partial sequences. Echinometra mathaei collected from Korea was redescribed with photographs and was compared with other species from GenBank based on molecular data. Phylogenetic analyses showed that no significant differences were between base sequences of E. mathaei from Korea and that from GenBank. To date, 13 echinoids including this species have been reported from Jeju Island, and 32 echinoids have been recorded in Korea.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.193-201
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• 2020

Family Coleophoridae, commonly known as "casebearers", is one of the largest families of Gelechioidea (Lepidoptera), with more than 1,450 described species worldwide, but it has been poorly known in Korea, with only 32 known species of the genus Coleophora Hübner, 1822. Here we present Coleophora fasciella Koo & Baldizzone, sp. nov., a new species to science, and C. mayrella (Hübner, [1813]), an unrecorded species in Korea. Diagnostic characteristics with descriptions of the genitalia are provided with photos of adults, wing venations, and genitalia of both sexes for the species. Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI) barcode sequences for the two species are also provided.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.472-476
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• 1996

P.putida NCIMB 9869와 P. putida NCIMB 9866의 분해 plasmid pRA 4000과 pRA500으로부터 p-cresol mothylhydroxylase(PCMH)의 flavoprotein(pchF) 및 cytochrome(pCHC) subunit의 구조유전자를 sequencing하였다. 이 두개의 유전자의 DNA 및 아미노산의 염기 서열은 이미 발표를 하였다. 이 두 개의 유전자 이외에도 aldehyde dehydrogenase 유전자가 확인되었다. 이 aldehyde dehydrogenase는 p-hydroxybezaldehyde를 p-hydroxybenzonate로 전환시키는데 p-hydroxybezaldehyde는 P-cresol의 PCMH에 의한 분해 산물이다. 그 외에도 P. putida 9869의 protocatechuate 3,4-dioxigenase의 alpha(pcaG) 및 beta(pcaH) subunit 가 확인되었다. 반면에 P. putida 9866는 상응하는 영역에 이 유전자들을 가지고 있지 않았다(protocatechuate는 p-hydroxyben-zonate hydroxylase에 의해 p-hydroxybenzonate로부터 생성된다). pchC와 pchF사이에 open reading frame이 존재하며 9866로 부터는 추가로 다른 하나의 open reading frame (ORF')가 존재한다. 9869과 9866의 유전자 구조는 각각 dhal-pchC-ORF-pchF-pcaGH과 ORF'-dhal-pchC-ORF-pchF다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.197-201
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• 2013

A total of 16 Taenia multiceps isolates collected from naturally infected sheep or goats in Gansu Province, China were characterized by sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene. The complete cox1 gene was amplified for individual T. multiceps isolates by PCR, ligated to pMD18T vector, and sequenced. Sequence analysis indicated that out of 16 T. multiceps isolates 10 unique cox1 gene sequences of 1,623 bp were obtained with sequence variation of 0.12-0.68%. The results showed that the cox1 gene sequences were highly conserved among the examined T. multiceps isolates. However, they were quite different from those of the other Taenia species. Phylogenetic analysis based on complete cox1 gene sequences revealed that T. multiceps isolates were composed of 3 genotypes and distinguished from the other Taenia species.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.80-88
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• 2015

The structural change and distribution of mitochondrial enzyme (ATPase, cytochrome-c-oxidase), cell proliferation (proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PCNA), cell death (caspase-3) and cell growth factor (fibroblast growth factor 8, FGF-8) in the Sprague-Dawley rat bile duct during Clonorchis sinensis infection was investigated. Experimental groups were divided into C. sinensis infection, superinfection and reinfection of C. sinensis after 'praziquantel' treatment group. As a result, C. sinensis infected rat bile ducts showed the features of chronic clonorchiasis, i.e., connective tissue thickening, ductal fibrosis and epithelial tissue dilatation. PCNA for cell proliferation increased in the infection group, and decreased after praziquantel treatment. Caspase-3 was distributed in reinfection group only. FGF-8 was distributed in the rat bile duct after praziquantel treatment but not distributed in infection and reinfection group. Overall, C. sinensis infection causes physical and chemical irritations and then brings on the abnormalities of intracellular energy metabolism and cellular growth factors, which hinders bile duct tissue from functioning properly, and resultingly, fibrosis occurs and epithelial cells dilated abnormally. More intense infection makes tissue fibrosis chronical and activates apoptosis factors.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.531-537
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• 2018

국내 재배종 마늘을 대상으로 상처(wound) 처리에 특이적으로 발현되는 Cyt. P450 cDNA (ORF 1,419 bp) 중 1,210~1,240 bp 사이에 존재하는 heme-binding domain (HB-domain)의 염기서열 다형성을 바탕으로 국내산 재배마늘의 HB-domain의 다형성 분포를 조사하였다. 국내 재배마늘에서 7개의 각각 다른 염기서열을 가진 HB-domain 마커를 탐색하였고, 전국 6개 지역의 재배농가에서 임의로 수집한 120개 마늘의 마커 종류별 분포도를 조사하였다. 경북, 충남, 충북, 강원지역에서 재배되는 한지형 마늘은 아미노산서열 FGGGRRICPG, DNA서열 5'-TTT/GGC/GGT/GGA/CGG/AGA/ATA/TGT/CCT/GGA-3'인 KP2형의 HB-domain을 가진 재배종이 51.3%로 가장 많이 분포하였고, KP1형 13.7%, CP형 11.3%, CM형 8.8%, KW2형 5% 및 기타 1.3%인 것으로 나타났다. 경남지역 재배지에서 수집한 난지형 마늘은 아미노산서열 FGAGRRICPG, DNA서열 '5-TTT/GGC/GCA/GGA/CGG/AGA/ATT/TGT/CCT/GGA-3'인 KM형이 52.5%로 가장 많았고, KP2형 22.5%, KW2형 5%, KP1 및 CP형이 각각 2.5%가 분포하는 것으로 나타났으나 CM형은 존재하지 않았다. 이 결과는 우리나라에 재배되는 마늘은 유전적으로 상당히 혼재된 상태로 존재하며, 특정 지역을 대표하는 유전적 특징을 가진 재배종을 단정하기는 어려운 것으로 판단된다.