• Animal cells and systems
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.323-329
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• 2009

We analyzed partial sequences of cytochrome b (cyt-b), a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) gene, to determine the genetic relationships between six horsehead fish species: Branchiostegus japonicus, Branchiostegus albus, Branchiostegus auratus, Branchiostegus argentatus, Branchiostegus wardi, and an unidentified Branchiostegus species. The specimens were collected in Korea, China, Japan, and Vietnam. We compared their molecular phylogenetic relationships inferred from mtDNA cyt-b sequences with an osteological analysis. The unidentified species, B. sp., was similar to B. albus in terms of the lack of triangular silver-white dot at the posterior region of eyes (vs. large one present in B. japonicus), but was also similar to B. japonicus in terms of the presence of a straight-shaped first hemal spine (vs. a curve-shaped hemal spine in B. albus). Analysis of the mtDNA cyt-b sequences indicated that the smallest estimated sequence divergence was between the B. japonicus and B. sp. (0.70-0.94%), whereas the largest difference was between B. auratus and B. argentatus (23.06-23.36%). Both the maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood trees showed that the B. sp. was closely clustered with B. japonicus, and that B. auratus was most distant from the other species. When comparing the osteological characters, UPGMA tree showed that the B. japonicus and B. sp. were the most closely clustered species, and B. auratus was the most distantly clustered fish relative to the other species. The shape of the nasal, otolith and first hemal spine was informative for distinguishing B. auratus from the other species. These osteological differences were consistent with the differences in mtDNA.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.109-135
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• 2006

Objective : In the present study, the author tried to investigate whether six oriental medical prescriptions named gamisingitang (SGT), gamijungtang (IJT), gamicheongpyetang (CPT), galhwengchihyosan (CHS), chwiyeontong (CYT), sigyoungcheongpyetang (SCPT) significantly affect mucin release from cultured hamster tracheal surface epithelial (HTSE) cells. Methode : Confluent HTSE cells were inetabolically radiolabeled with $^{3}H-glucosamine$ for 24 hrs and chased for 30 min in the presence of drugs aforementioned, respectively, to assess the effect of each drug on $^{3}H-mucin$ release. Possible cytotoxicities of effective drugs were assessed by measuring lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) release. Additionally, total elution profiles of control spent media and treatment sample (CPT, CHS, SCPT and CYT) through Sepharose CL-4B column were analysed and effect of CPT, CHS and CYT on MUC5AC mRNA expression in cultured HTSE cells were invsetigated. Results : (1) SGT and IJT did not affect mucin release without cytotoxicity; (2) CPT, SCPT and CHS significantly stimulated mucin release from cultured HTSE cells, with significant cytotoxicity; (4) CPT, CHS, SCPT and CYT chiefly affected the 'mucin' release and did not affect significantly the release of the releasable glycoproteins with less molecular weight than mucin. This result suggests that the four herbal prescriptions specifically affect the release of mucin ; (5) CTP and CHS did not significantly affect the expression levels of MUC 5AC mRNA, however, CYT significantly inhibit the expression levels of MUC 5AC mRNA. Conclusion : CYT can decrease the synthesis of mucin at gene level in cultured HTSE cells.

• 환경생물
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.112-118
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• 2006

본 연구는 쥐노래미과(Hexagrammidae)에 속하고 양식산업에서 중요한 위치를 차지하고 있는 노래미, Hexagrammos otakii(Jordan et Starks)와 쥐노래미, H. agrammus(Temminck et Schlegel)의 미토콘드리아 cytochrome b(cyt b)유전자의 염기서열을 서로 비교 분석하였다. 총 489 bp크기의 cyt b 염기서열에서 종간의 변이는 거의 없었다(96%의 유사성).Neighbor-joining방법에 의한 노래미와 쥐노래미에서의 0.0342인 pairwise distance는 두 종이 분자계통유전학적으로 유사함을 시사한다. 이러한 연구 결과들은 쥐노래미(Hexagrammos)속을 대상으로 한 양식, 수산유전학 및 분자계통학 분야에 적용 가능할 것이다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2014

A Fairy Pitta is a bird known to breed only in mainland China, Taiwan, Japan and Korea and is listed as Vulnerable in the IUCN Red List. We carried out a DNA analysis to contribute to conserve the genetic diversity of Fairy Pitta. 32 samples were collected at Jeju Island, the Korean Peninsula and Taiwan from 2004 to 2013 and DNA was extracted from them and several sequences were amplified-it through PCR. And then we performed the population genetic analysis. We found there was a transversion between nucleotide sequences at CO1 gene, while there was no changes at Cyt-b gene. And we confirmed the polymorphism from two genes was caused from genetic drift not from selection. Through this analysis, the group within the Peninsula was found bigger than other two groups based on the analysis of CO1 gene, and the group from Taiwan was found bigger than other two groups through the analysis of Cyt-b gene. The population genetic structure of mitochondria gene of three group was showing CO1 gene had 5 haplotypes and Cyt-b gene had 6 haplotypes. Haplotype 2 in CO1 gene was found in three group and many individuals of samples had this haplotype. Like CO1 gene, haplotype 2 in Cyt-b gene was found in three group and was included in plenty of individuals. Other haplotypes were not overlaped and broke off among the three groups. To prevent from the extinction of Fairy Pitta and to obtain the genetic diversity, we need to compare with other regional group such as Japan, China and perform additional research in the non-breeding area.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제25권9호
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• pp.970-975
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• 2015

본 연구는 mtDNA cytochrome b (cyt b) 유전자의 염기변이를 동정하고 이를 토대로 백한우의 계통유전학적 유연관계를 파악하기 위하여 실시하였다. 백한우 14두에 대한 mtDNA cyt b 유전자 전체서열 내에서 염기의 삽입/결실변이 없이 1개의 silent mutation이 동정되었고, 2개의 haplotype으로 분류되었다. 14두 중 13두가 major haplotype인 H1에 포함되었으며, 나머지 1두는 칡소와 같은 haplotype에 속하였다. Haplotype 다양성지수 및 염기변이율은 각각 0.143, 0.00013으로, 기존에 보고된 한국 재래소 및 중국소 품종들보다 현저히 낮게 나타났다. 한국, 일본, 중국 및 유럽 소 품종과의 유전적 유연관계를 확인하기 위해서 Dxy 유전거리 산출 및 neighbor-joining tree를 작성하였다. 2개의 group (A, B)으로 분류되었으며, 백한우는 B. taurus 계열인 A group에 포함되었다. Dxy유전거리 산출 결과, 백한우는 흑우(0.00018) 및 Yanbian (0.00021) 품종과 가까운 유연관계를 보였다. 이상의 결과를 종합해보면, 모계유전특성에 기초하여 백한우는 칡소, 흑우 및 Yanbian과 유전적으로 높은 연관성을 보였다. 이러한 결과는 백한우의 효율적인 관리 및 지속가능한 활용을 위한 중요한 자료로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 2001년도 공동 춘계학술대회
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• pp.60.1-60
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• 2001

• 생명과학회지
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• 제25권11호
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• pp.1204-1213
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• 2015

도루묵은 우리나라 동해에서 어획되는 상업적으로 중요한 수산자원으로 동해안의 자원회복관리 대상어종이며, 자원량의 회복 및 보전과 관리가 필요한 어종이다. 하지만 우리나라 도루묵 자원의 관리를 위한 유전학적 분석에 따른 연구는 매우 미비한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 mitochondrial DNA의 Cytochrome b (Cyt b) 유전자 서열과 5개의 microsatellite marker의 유전자형을 토대로 우리나라 동해안 도루묵과 일본 도루묵의 유전적 다양성과 집단 구조를 분석하여 유전학적 유연관계를 파악하고, 도루묵 자원의 보전과 관리를 위한 과학적 자료를 제공하기 위해 실시하였다. 한국 3개 지역(독도, 동해, 감포)과 일본의 2개 지역(북해도와 에리모)에서 채집된 총 83개 개체의 mtDNA Cyt b 영역을 분석하여 27개의 haplotype을 확인하였다. 유전적 다양성은 에리모에서 가장 높고 감포에서 가장 낮았다. Pairwise F_ST값과 유전적 거리, UPGMA와 주성분분석, AMOVA test 및 structure 분석 결과, 한국의 동해안 도루묵 집단 간 유전적 차이는 거의 없었으나 일본 도루묵 집단과는 유의적인 차이가 나타났으며(p<0.05), 한국의 동해안 집단과 일본의 집단으로 그룹을 형성하며 구분되는 유연관계를 확인하였다. 본 연구에서 확인된 도루묵의 유전적 특성 및 집단 간 유연관계는 중요한 수산유전자원으로서의 도루묵에 대한 중요한 과학적인 근거자료가 될 것이며, 앞으로 도루묵의 보존, 평가 및 이용에 활용 가능한 정보를 제공할 것이라 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.789-793
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• 2008

The gayal (Bos frontalis) in China is a very rare semi-wild and semi-domestic bovine species. There still exist remarkable divergences on the gayal's origin and taxonomic status. In the present study, the cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene entire sequences (1,140 bp) of 11 gayals in Yunnan China were analyzed. Combined with other bovine Cyt b sequences cited in GenBank, the phylogenetic trees of genus Bos were reconstructed by neighbor-joining (NJ) and maximum parsimony (MP) methods with Bubalus bubalis as outgroup. Sequence analysis showed that, among 1,140 sites compared for 11 gayals, 95 variable sites (8.33% of all sites) and 6 different haplotypes were observed, showing abundant mitochondrial genetic diversity in gayals. Both NJ and MP trees demonstrated that gayals in this study were markedly divided into three embranchments: one embranchment clustering with Bos gaurus, another clustering with Bos taurus, and the third clustering with Bos indicus. The result of phylogenetic analysis suggested that the gayal might be the domesticated form of the gaur, and a great proportion of the gayal bloodline in China was invaded by other bovine species.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.404-410
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• 2018

Takifugu rubripes, T. chinensis, T. pseudommus and an unidentified species were morphologically and genetically studied. Morphology was compared using external morphology and the genetic analysis was conducted using mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and cytochrome b (Cyt b). The morphological characteristics of T. rubripes, T. chinensis and T. pseudommus were confirmed, as reported previously. The unidentified species was confirmed to have the characteristics of T. rubripes and T. chinensis. The COI sequences of the four species were 99-100% similar; genetic distance was d=0.0000 and Cyt b genetic distance was d=0.0000-0.00834. Species in the phylogenetic tree belonging to the same group could not be classified genetically. In conclusion, the unidentified species was considered to be a hybrid between T. rubripes and T. chinensis.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.99-104
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• 2010

The subfamily Murinae is a very controversial group concerning their phylogenetic relationship. Previous studies could not resolve phylogeny among four genera Apodemus, Micromys, Mus and Rattus of the Muridae. In the present study, eight rodent species resident in South Korea were collected and phylogenetically analyzed based on sequence data of five mitochondrial and nuclear DNA regions: 12S rRNA, cytochrome b gene (cyt b), cytochrome oxidase II (COII), control region of mitochondrial DNA, and a thyroglobulin (Tg) of nuclear DNA. According to the phylogeny of the concatenated data, M. musculus separated early in Murinae (ML 100%; BA 1.00 pp) and the genus Rattus grouped with the harvest mouse, M. minutes; these were separated from the genus Apodemus with relatively strong support (ML 74%; BA 0.76 pp). The Siberian chipmunk population was also examined using the five genes to obtain better resolution. The phylogeny for Korean rodents determined using the 12S rRNA, cyt b, COII and control regions discriminated the Siberian chipmunk populations from Korea, Russia, and China.