• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.93-97
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• 2020

The cestode Taenia hydatigena uses canids, primarily dogs, as definitive hosts, while the metacestode larval stage cysticercus infects a range of intermediate hosts, including domestic animals such as goats, sheep, and pigs. Cysticercosis due to T. hydatigena has large veterinary and economic drawbacks. Like other taeniids, e.g., Echinococcus, intraspecific variation is found among the members of the genus Taenia. In Africa, few studies are available on the epidemiology and distribution of T. hydatigena, and even fewer studies are available on its genetic variation. In this study, we molecularly identified 11 cysticerci from sheep in Sudan and demonstrated the genetic variation based on the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) mitochondrial genes. The isolates were correctly identified as T. hydatigena with more than 99% similarity to those in the GenBank database. Low diversity indices and insignificant neutrality indices were observed, with 3 and 2 haplotypes for the nad1 and cox1 genes, respectively. The results suggest the presence of unique T. hydatigena haplotypes in Sudan, as haplotypes with 100% similarity were not found in the GenBank database. With few available studies on the genetic variation of T. hydatigena in Africa, this report represents the first insights into the genetic variation of T. hydatigena in Sudan and constitutes useful data.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.429-440
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• 1989

Spirometru erinocei의 유충인 sparganum에서 추출한 조항원 단백질을 항원으로 하여 sparganosis, cysticercosis, hydatidosis환자의 IgG 항체와 정상인의 IgG 항체를 혈청반응시켜 ELISA와 EITB에 의해 교차반응을 일으키는 비 특이항원 성분과 종특이항원 성분을 추구하였다. 1. sparganum에서 0.01 M PBS (PH 7.4)로 추출한 조항원 단백질을 SDS-PAGE로 전개하여 290 Kd에서 23 Kd범위의 분자량을 가진 25개의 단백질이 분획되었다. 2. sparganum의 조항원을 항원으로하여 ELISA로 sparganosis, cysticercosis, hydatidosis 환자의 190 항체와의 혈청 반응치는 sparganosis환자에게서는 0.44 $\pm$ 0.07에서 1.90 $\pm$ 0.03으로 negative control normal sera의 0.D (0.15 $\pm$ 0.03)를 기준으로 하였을 때 모두 양성이며 민감도(sensitivity)가 100 %이었으며 cysticercosis, hydatidosis환자혈청에서 양성반응이 나타났으며 교차반응도 있었다. 3. EITB에서는 spargancsis환자의 IgG항체에 의해 16개의 항원성분이 인지되었으며 이 중 6개의 항원성분이 정상인의 혈청에서도 인지되어 교차반응을 일으키는 항원성분이었으며 cysticercosis환자혈청에서 인지된 4개의 항원성분 중 2개의 항원성분이 sparganosis 환자혈청에서 인지된 것과 같았으며 hydatidosis환자의 190항체에 의해 인지된 19개의 항원성분 중 12개의 항원성분이 sparganosis환자혈청에서 인지된 항원 성분과 같았다. 4. 290 Kd, 200 Kd, 28 Kd의 항원성분은 sparganosis환자의 196항체에서만 인지되었고 228 Kd, 152 Kd, 66 Kd항원성분은 hydatidosis환자의 19G항체에서만 인지되었으며 66 Kd항원성분은 sparganosis, cysticercosis, hydatidosis, 정상인의 혈청에서 모두 인지되었다. We studied the serological reaction between the specific and nonspecific antigenic components from metacestode (plerocercoid) of spiromeko erimacei and IgG antibodies in sparganosis, cysticercosis. hydatidosis patients and normal human sera by ELISA and EITB. We prepared the crude extracts of sparganlim from snake, Matrix tigrina laterolis and used as antigenic components. By SDS-PAGE, we detected a total 25 peptide bands (fractions) with 290 Kd to 23 Kd molecular weight, and 8 bands of these detected bands developed strongly by silver stain. In serological test, ELISA, we recognized the cross-reaction of antigenic components reacting with IgG antibodies in heterogenous sera, cysticercosis and hydatidosis patients sera. The crude antigenic components of sparganum showed the high sensitivity in sparganosis, hydatidosis patients sera, but showed lower sensitivity in cysticercosis patients sera than the sparasanosis, hydatidosis patients sera. Sixteen antigenic components of these 25 separated bands were recognized by antibodies In sparsanosis patients sera,8 antigenic components in normal human sera, 4 antigenic components in cysticercosis patients sera and 19 antigenic compoenents in hydatidosis patients sera. The crude antigenic compnenets with 290 Kd, 200 Kd, 125 Kd and 28 Kd molecular weight was only recognized in sparganosis patients sera, but 64 Kd antigenic component was nonspecific antigenic components which were also cross-reacted with sparganosis, hydatidosis, cysticercosis patients sera and normal human sera.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.601-604
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• 1992

A total of 480 live buffaloes and 180 visceral samples from Dhaka, Mymensingh, Bogura and Rajshahi were examined for the presence of parasites of water buffaloes in Bangladesh during September, 1988 to August, 1989. The recorded parasites were eight trematodes, two cestodes, fourteen nematodes, two protozoa and two arthropods. The trematodes were Fasciola gigantica (18.9%-46.4%). Paramphistomes (Gigantocotyl explanatum, Ceylonocotyl scoliocoelium, Cotylophoron cotylophorum and Gastrothylax crumenifer (29.5%-48.3%). Schistosoma indicum (1.6%-31.6%), S. spindale (13.9%-27.7%) and S. nasalis (4.6%-8.3%). The cestodes were Hydatid cyst (24.4%), Cysticercus tenuicollis (11.1%). The nematodes were Strongyloides papillosus (14.8%-21.6%), Capillaria spp. (C. bilobata, C. bovis) (8.5%-20.0%), Setaria digitata (7.2%), Onchocerca armillata (27.2%), Thelazia rhodesii (2.3%), Gongylonema pulchrum (3.9%), Oesophagostomum radiatum (6.6%-41.6%), Hookworms (Agriostomum vryburgi, Bunostomum phlebotomum) (8.1%-17.2%), Trichostrongylus axei (11.2%-21.6%), Mecistocirrus digitatus & Haemonchus contortus (15.2%-25.5%) and Toxocara vitulorum (1.1%-9.8%). The protozoa were Eimeria zuerni (2.3%) and Trypanosoma theileri (0.4%). The arthropods were Haemaphysalis bispinosa (8.1%) and Haematopinus tuberculatus (34.6%).

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.91-93
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• 2010

Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the most common parasitic infestation of the central nervous system. Most cases of NCC are to related and/or associated with inflammation within the cerebral parenchyma. A 71-year-old woman presented with a 4-year history of visual disturbance. This symptom had become aggravated 4 weeks earlier. Her visual acuity gradually decreased and superior hemianopsia was noted. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an enhanced and thickened pituitary stalk accompanying a suspicious mass. The provisional diagnoses were lymphoma, glioma, or other inflammatory conditions. Laboratory studies, including blood and hormonal studies, showed normal findings. Surgical resection was performed. In the pathological examination, degenerated parasitic wall structure was seen and its contents were composed of completely degenerated focal globular structures suggesting the scolex of cysticercus. We report an unusual case of NCC involving the pituitary stalk which was presented with a juxtasellar tumor. The possible underlying mechanisms are discussed with a review of pertinent literature.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.67-73
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• 2002

집쥐가 인체 기생충 전파에 어느 정도의 역할을 하는지 그 양상을 밝히고자 전라북도 남원, 익산지역에서 포획한 집쥐의 체내 기생충 감염상을 조사하였다. 섬진강 상류 남원지역에서 32마리, 만경강 중류 익산지역에서 53마리를 채집하여 총 85마리였고, 종별로는 곰쥐(Rattus rattus) 28마리, 시궁쥐(Rattus norvegicus) 57마리였다. 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 남원, 익산지역의 집쥐 85마리 중 71마리(83.5%)에서 체내 기생충이 검출되었다. 2. 폐장이 회수되었던 집쥐 74마리 중 35마리(47.3%)에서 폐장에 기생하는 조직 기생충인 폐포자충(Pneumocystis carinii)이 검출되었다. 3. 전체 85마리의 가로막에서 선모충(Trichinella spiralis)을 조사하였고, 폐심장 혈관계에서 광동주혈선충(Angiostrongylus cantonensis)을 조사하였으나 한 예도 검출하지 못하였다. 4. 간을 조사한 바 85마리 중 간모세선충(Capillaria hepatica) 22례(25.9%), Taenia taeniaeformis의 유충(Cysticercus fasciolaris) 9례(10.6%), 간흡충(Clonorchis sinensis) 1례(1.2%)가 검출되었다. 5. 장내용물을 조사 한 바 85 마리 중 50례(58.9%)에서 윤충 및 원충이 검출되었다. 윤충은 쥐조충(Hymenolepis diminuta), 극구흡충류(Echinostoma sp.), 쥐요충류(Syphacia sp.), 분신충류(Strongyloides sp.) 등이었고 원충은 대장아메바(Entamoeba coli) 등이었다. 이상의 결과에서 인수공통 질환을 일으킬 수 있는 폐포자충, 쥐조충, 간흡충 등이 집쥐에 감염되어 있어 철저한 집쥐 관리가 요망된다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.237-244
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• 2000

Although oncospheres of Taenia saginata asiatica can develop into cysticerci in immunodeficiency, immunosuppressed, and normal mice, no detailed information on the development features of these cysticerci from SCID mice is available. In the present study, the tumor-like cyst was found in the subcutaneous tissues of each of 10 SCID mice after 38-244 days inoculation with 39,000 oncospheres of T. s. asiatica. These cysts weighed 2.0-9.6 gm and were 1.5-4.3 cm in diameter. The number of cysticerci were collected from these cysts ranged from 125 to 1,794 and the cysticercus recovery rate from 0.3% to 4.6%. All cysticerci were viable with a diameter of 1-6 mm and 9 abnormal ones each with 2 evaginated protoscoleces were also found. The mean length and width of scolex, protoscolex, and bladder were $477{\;}{\times}{\;}558,{\;}756{\;}{\times}{\;}727,{\;}and{\;}1,586{\;}{\times}{\;}1,615{\;}$\mu\textrm{m}$, respectively. The diameters of suckers and rostellum were $220{\mu\textrm{m}}{\;}and{\;}70\mu\textrm{m}$, respectively All cysticerci had two rows of rostellar hooks. These findings suggest that the SCID mouse model can be employed as a tool for long-term maintenance of the biological materials for advanced studies of immunodiagnosis, vaccine development, and evaluation of cestocidal drugs which would be most benefit for the good health of the livestocks.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.449-452
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• 2013

Taenia pisiformis is one of the most important parasites of canines and rabbits. T. pisiformis cysticercus (the larval stage) causes severe damage to rabbit breeding, which results in huge economic losses. In this study, the genetic variation of T. pisiformis was determined in Sichuan Province, China. Fragments of the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb) (922 bp) gene were amplified in 53 isolates from 8 regions of T. pisiformis. Overall, 12 haplotypes were found in these 53 cytb sequences. Molecular genetic variations showed 98.4% genetic variation derived from intra-region. $F_{ST}$ and Nm values suggested that 53 isolates were not genetically differentiated and had low levels of genetic diversity. Neutrality indices of the cytb sequences showed the evolution of T. pisiformis followed a neutral mode. Phylogenetic analysis revealed no correlation between phylogeny and geographic distribution. These findings indicate that 53 isolates of T. pisiformis keep a low genetic variation, which provide useful knowledge for monitoring changes in parasite populations for future control strategies.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.465-469
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• 1993

This paper dealt with the histopathological findings on the natural cysticercosis in pigs. Three cases of porcine cysticercosis, which had been kept in the Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cheju. University more than ten years, were histopathologically examined in order to see the host reaction to the parasite. Capsules containing scolex were mainly found in the fascia of skeletal muscle, heart, and brains. Microscopically, cysticerci in the epicardium and the fascia of skeletal muscles were encapsulated with fibroblasts and collagen fibers. Around capsules, there was infiltration of eosinophils, lymphocytes and macrophages, although the degree and severity of inflammatory reaction varied case by case. Cerebral cortex also had the inflammatory exudate of lymphoid cells in the vicinity of the scolex. whereas perivascular lymphocytic cuffings were commonly seen around capsules. GFAP immunoreactive fibers formed a limiting membrane along the outer side of capsules. There was also proliferation of GFAP-positive astrocytes encirling infiltrating lymphocytes around vessels. In the central nervous system, astrocytes and lympoid cells play an important role in the demarcation of cysts and local immunity, respectively. In conclusion, host tissue reaction in porcine cysticercosis seemed to vary significantly according to the affected organs of pigs. It is assumed that capsules containing worms seemed to be formed at early stage of cysticercosis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.15-26
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• 1988

To determine the source of Cysticercus·specIfic IgG antibody in cerebrospinal fluid(CSF), paired samples of serum and CSF were collected from confirmed neurocysticercosis, other neurologic diseases and normal control. The antibody levels in serum and CSF were measured by ensyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). With the measurement of total protein, albumin and IgG concentration in serum and CSF, the contribution of IgG in CSF were calculated in transudation, exudation and intracranial synthesis using the formula of Tourtellotte and Ma (1978). Mean concentrations of total protein, albumin, IgG and proportional IgG levels in CSF by transudation, exudation and intracranial synthesis were elevated in neurocysticercosis. But only the intracranial synthesis of IgG showed a statistically significant correlation with the specific IgG antibody levels in CSF. In CSF from lateral ventricle in the 4th ventricular neurocysticercosis, the protein concentrations were normal and the specific antibody levels were negative. However, in consecutively secured lumbar CSF from the same patients, the former were increased and the latter were positive. These results indicated that, in neurocysticercosis, the specific IgG antibody in CSF was a local product of intracranial synthesis.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.275-285
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• 1998

Antibody responses(IgG) to Paragonimus westermani. Clonorchis sinensis, Cysticercus cellulosae, Sparganum Anisakis simplex, Toxocara canis and Trichinella spiralis were studied. The ELISA technique was performed to determine the prevalence of above helminthic diseases. 975 cases obtained from Yanbian of China during October, 1995 to July, 1997 were examined with a positive antibody titer of 5.74% in clonorchiasis, 4.92% in paragonimiasis, 1.54% in cysticercosis. 8.51% in sparganosis, 1.85% in anisakiosis, 12.51% in toxocariasis, and 7.08% in trichinosis respectively. And 23.87% in showed positive antibody titer at least one of the seven helminths. The differences of the age and sex in the positive sera were analysed by the Chi-squared test and the level of significance accepted was p<0.05. The significant differences in positive antibody production were P.W.(p<0.01). C.S.(p<0.01), A.S.(p<0.05). T.C.(p<0.001), and T.S.(p<0.01) respectively in age groups. sparganosis(p<0.05) in sex groups. Other parasites showed that there were no significant differences among age groups and sex groups(males and females). Higher positive antibody rate of C.S. and P.W. occured in the 50-59 years old and those of T.C. and T.S. happened in the 20-29 years old. Patients of internal disease showed more positive antibody titer, that is to say, there was significant difference between positive rate of internal diseases and that of control (p<0.01. p<0.05) in 6 helminths except cysticercosis. The result showed that some cross reactions existed among nematodes, and the developed techniques(EITB) should be done for a correct diagnosis. Also the prevalence of some important helminths may be evaluated from the result and it would be a basic data for controlling parasitic diseases in Yanbian.