• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.125-129
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• 2014

Several reports on taeniasis and cysticercosis in Vietnam show that they are distributed in over 50 of 63 provinces. In some endemic areas, the prevalence of taeniasis was 0.2-12.0% and that of cysticercosis was 1.0-7.2%. The major symptoms of taeniasis included fidgeted anus, proglottids moving out of the anus, and proglottids in the feces. Clinical manifestations of cysticercosis in humans included subcutaneous nodules, epileptic seizures, severe headach, impaired vision, and memory loss. The species identification of Taenia in Vietnam included Taenia asiatica, Taenia saginata, and Taenia solium based on combined morphology and molecular methods. Only T. solium caused cysticercosis in humans. Praziquantel was chosen for treatment of taeniasis and albendazole for treatment of cysticercosis. The infection rate of cysticercus cellulosae in pigs was 0.04% at Hanoi slaughterhouses, 0.03-0.31% at provincial slaughterhouses in the north, and 0.9% in provincial slaughterhouses in the southern region of Vietnam. The infection rate of cysticercus bovis in cattle was 0.03-2.17% at Hanoi slaughterhouses. Risk factors investigated with regard to transmission of Taenia suggested that consumption of raw meat (eating raw meat 4.5-74.3%), inadequate or absent meat inspection and control, poor sanitation in some endemic areas, and use of untreated human waste as a fertilizer for crops may play important roles in Vietnam, although this remains to be validated.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1357-1359
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• 2000

Isolated brainstem invlovement of neurocysticercosis is rare. We present the clinical and radiological features of a patient with a solitary cysticercus granuloma in the brainstem confirmed by MRI and CSF ELISA test. Good response was obtained from conservative treatment, using praziquantel. We believe that patients from regions where cysticercosis is endemic, who have no systemic disease, who present with nonprogressive symptoms and signs of brainstem involvement, and display a solitary ring-enhancing mass in the brainstem measuring less than 20mm on neuroimaging may be managed conservatively.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.77-89
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• 1985

The agar gel precipitation(AGP), indirect hemagglutination(IHA) and indirect enzyme immunoassay(IEIA) tests were used to detect antibodies in pigs naturally infected with Cysticercus cellulosae in Jeju. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. Sera collected from pigs naturally infected with Cysticcrcus cellulosae did not react in AGP test. 2. In the IHA test for swine cysticercosis, the peak titers observed were between 1:20 and 1:160 and non-specific reaction was recognized with a few samples among control sera. 3. In the IEIA test, optical density(OD) values were obtained the best results under the condition of OPD-substrats are reacted at room temperature for 5minutes. The OD values of greater than 0.2 were determined as positive and the high titers in positive sera ranged from 1:40 to 1:1,080. 4. Antibodies to swine cysticercosis were detected by IHA and IEIA tests but the latter was more sensitive and specific than the former. 5. In the preparation of Cystisercus antigens, saline extract which was prepared the precipitate of internal membrane treated ultrasonicator were better results than other antigens for serological tests. 6. Amounts of protein in antigens was not related in direct proportion to results of serological reaction.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.387-392
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• 2020

A serological survey was performed using ELISA to estimate the prevalence of tissue and luminal helminthic infections among hospital patients in Hanoi region, Vietnam. An overall seroprevalence of tissue and luminal helminthiases was 64.0% (95% CI 61.2-66.8) among 1,120 patients who visited Hanoi Medical University Hospital, Vietnam in 2018. The highest seroprevalence was observed against Toxocara spp. (59.0%), followed by Strongyloides stercoralis (46.3%), Gnathostoma spp. (25.5%), cysticercus (12.8%), Angiostrongylus cantonensis (10.5%), Fasciola spp. (11.1%), and Clonorchis sinensis (8.7%). Mono-infection by one species (11.1%) was lower than multiple infections (53.0%) (P<0.05). The seroprevalence in males (59.3%) was lower than in females (66.2%) but not statistically significant (P>0.05). Children (<15 years) revealed lower seroprevalence (34.0%) than adults (68.4%), and the age group 51-70 years revealed the highest seroprevalence (76.0%). Among the seropositive patients, eosinophilia (≥8.0%) was noted in 80.2%. The present results suggested active transmission of various tissue and luminal helminths among people in Hanoi, Vietnam.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.101-108
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• 1987

A total of 213 rabbits was investigated from July 1981 to June 1986, for the survey on the incidence of Cysticercus pisiformis infections and the morphological characteristics were observed for the descriptions on the scolexes of the cysts collected. The results obtained were summarized as follows; The overall infection rate was revealed as high as 21.6% and it increased annually with the secular trend equation Y=7.45X+5.87 when, Y=infection rate estimated, X=year 0(1981) to 5 (1986). The incidence was no relation with the sexes of the host, but it was higher in the short-haired New Zealand White than in the long-haired Angola. It was also revealed that the liver was the most parasitized organ (39.1%) and that 48 cases were double infections in two organs, such as the mesentery, the stomach or the kidney. The mean size of the cysts measured was 7.04mm in length and 4.62mm in width. There were four suckers and a rostellum on the top of the scolex identified inside the cyst. The hooks were arranged in two rows, the large-type inner hooks (mean $250{\mu}m$ in length) and the small-type outer hooks (mean $150{\mu}m$ in length).

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2013

Three species of tapeworms infect humans in their adult stage (Taenia solium, Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica). The 3 are flat, opaque white or yellowish, and exceptional long segmented parasites, measuring 1 to 12 m in their adult stage. In this review, the development of the knowledge regarding the first species, mainly focused on understanding how the larval stage or cysticercus is transmitted to humans, is described. The second species is a cosmopolitan parasite that only causes taeniosis and not cysticercosis; therefore, it will not be included. Information on the third species, which is presently being produced, since this species was recognized as such only at the end of the 20th century, will be discussed at the end of this review.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.87-99
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• 1971

(a) 包含되는 範疇 : 屬群은, 分類의 體系上 科群 바로 밑 그리고 種群 바로 위에 있는데, 屬과 亞屬 두 範疇를 포함한다. (b) 根據 : 屬群의 各 分類群은 그 模式種을 參照함으로써만 客觀的으로 定議된다[XV]. (c) 集合群 : "集合群"[語彙를 보라] 으로서 알려진 어떤 生物學的으로 하나로 모은 것의 名稱들은 이 規約이 意味하는 바로는, 屬의 名稱들로서 다루어져야 한다. 그러나 集合群은 模式種을 要求하지 않는다. 例 : Agamodistomum, Agamofilaria, Cysticercus, Diplostomulum, Glaucothoe, Sparganum. (i) 이 規約에서, "分類群" 또는 "名稱"이란 用語가 屬水準에서 쓰일 때에는, 該當 條款은 集合群 또는 그 名稱에도 適用된다. 단, 이것과는 다른 記述이 있거나, 이러한 適用이 不適當할 때에는 그렇지 않다. (d) 屬의 區分 : 한 屬의 一次的 區分을 위하여 提案된 一名式 名稱은, 비록 그 區分이 "section" 또는 "division"과 같은 用語로 表現되더라도, 그 名稱이 IV章 의 關係條款을 允足 한다면, 命名法上 亞屬名의 地位를 가진다.되더라도, 그 名稱이 IV章 의 關係條款을 允足 한다면, 命名法上 亞屬名의 地位를 가진다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.108-112
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• 1973

Zoonoses are very important disease. But little attention has been given to the study of zoonoses in Korea. The author reviewed publications about zoonoses outbreakings in Korea and evaluated and analyzed the data available. It is hoped that the information will be use for reference in future endeavors of study in the field of zoonoses in Korea. The information obtained are as follows: 1) From 1962 to 1966. there have been 3 cases of anthrax. 2 cases of brucellosis and 140 cases of erysipeloid. 2) Throughout Korea, there are 670 slaughther houses and for last ten years cows and swines were condemned by the inspection before slaugter the ranges were as follows: cows : $0.45{\sim}0.98%$ swines : $0.005{\sim}0.05%$ 3) Epidemiological pattern of zoonoses in animals: a) Direct zoonoses are anthrax brucellosis and erysipelos. Encidence rate of anthrax 1.7 per 100,000 in 1964, burcellosis 1338.4 in 1960, erysipelos of swine 1897.2 in 1962. b) It is noticed that $1.0{\sim}2.7%$ of swine in mainland and $3.8{\sim}8.5%$ in Chechu island were infected by cysticercus cellulose.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.223-228
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• 1984

Seven cases of surgically proven sparganosis were serologically tested by means of microELISA for their specific IgG antibody levels. For that purpose, crude saline extract of spargana from snake, Natrix tigrina lateralis was prepared and used as antigen. The sparganosis sera were also tested with Paragonimus and Cysticercus antigens to observe the cross reactivity. A total of 71 sera from normal control, ectopic and pulmonary paragonimiasis, clonorchiasis, cysticerCOSIS and Taenia saginata cases were also included. Except for one case of old calcified infection, all of 6 human sparganosis showed higher serum levels of specific IgG antibody when the differential point of positive reaction was set at the absorbance value of 0.25 (the sensitivity being 85.7%). In control and other helminthic infections, all except 3 cases of T. saginata infection showed negative reaction to sparganum antigen (the specificity being 90.7%). None of sparganosis cases showed cress reactivity to Paragonimus and Cysticercus antigens. Undiluted cerebrospinal l1uid also showed high levels of antibody when central nervous system was invaded. The serologic diagnosis by means of micro ELISA could be a useful tool in epidemiological study of human sparganosis in susceptible population, as well as in individual diagnosis.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.141-153
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• 1991

Free amino acid(FAA), free fatty acid(FFA), and amino acid obtained by hydrolysis of protein components of cystic fluid(CF) of Cysticercus cellulosae in pig and man were analyzed. FFA was analyzed by gas chromatography using Varian model 2700, and flame ionization detector with 6 feet${\times}$1/4inch glass column. Flow rate of $N_2$ was 30 ml/min, $H_2$ was 30 ml/min, air was 350 ml/min respectively and chart speed was 1 cm/min. Amino acid was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography using Waters model 441, and fluorescence detector at 338nm/425nm with column of amino acid analyzer. Buffer A of mobile phase was pH 3.05 and pH of buffer B was 9.6 respectively. The results obtained were as follows : Seven FFAs containing 12~18 carbons were detected : Saturated fatty acids were lauric acid ($C_{12}$), myristic acid($C_{14}$), palmitic acid($C_{16}$), Stearic acid($C_{18}$). Unsaturated fatty acids were oleic acid($C_{12}^{=1}$), linoleic acid($C_{12}^{=2}$), and one unidentified fatty acid was detected. Generally much more quantity of FFA was determined in CF obtained from pig than that from man. FFA of the largest quantity was palmitic acid; 0.078 mg/ml. Eighteen FAAs were detected and the largest quantity was alanine. Ouantity of alanine was 386 ug/ml in CF from pig 108 ug/ml in CF from man respectively. while histidine in CF from pig was 273 ug/ml, that from man was only 4.3 ug/ml. Eighteen amino acids were identified by hydrolysis of protein in CF from man. But, histidine was not identified in CF from pig. Amino from pig and ug/ml from man.