• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.117-123
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• 2000

In order to study the role of polyamines on the formation of adventitious roots, trichomes and calli, the effects of putrescine, spermidine, spermine, cyclohexylamine (CHA) and methylglyoxal-bis(guanylhydrazone) (MGBG) were investigated in the leaf segment cultures from ecotype Columbia of Arabidopsis thaliana. When the leaf segments were cultured on the media for forming adventitious roots (0.1 mg/L NAA), trichomes (2.0 mg/L NAA) and calli (10.0 mg/L NAA), and then each cultures was treated with 1-100 mg/L of putrescine, spermidine and spermine, respectively. On the adventitious root-forming medium treated with polyamines the trichomes were induced with adventitious roots. And on the trichome-forming medium with polyamines calli were induced with trichomes. In orther hand each cultures was treated with 1-100 mg/L of CHA and MGBG, respectively. CHA promoted adventitious roots on the medium for adventitious roots, was not effected on media for trichomes and calli. MGBG inhibited adventitious roots, trichomes and calli in all cultures, and induced adventitious roots on medium for trichomes in high concentration.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.207-213
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• 1994

In order to study the effect of cyclohexylamine (CHA) and polyamines during adventitious root formation, the correlation of adventitious root formation with endogenous polyamine content was investigated in inoculated soybean cotyledons at the rooting medium supplemented with CHA, spermidine and spermine. Adventitious root formation was inhibited in medium containing 10$^{-3}$ -10$^{-2}$ M CHA. Adventitious root formation was not formed in treatment with 10$^{-2}$ M CHA plus polyamine. It was inhibited in 2.5 $\times$ 10$^{-3}$ M CHA alone and reverved in 2.5 $\times$ 10$^{-3}$ M CHA plus 10$^{-4}$ M spermine. Putrescine content was lower in 10$^{-2}$ M CHA and 10$^{-2}$ M CHAplus 10$^{-4}$ M spermine treatment than in control after 3 days of incubation. However, it was higher in 2.5 $\times$ 10$^{-3}$ M CHA and 2.5 $\times$ 10$^{-3}$ M CHA plus 10$^{-4}$ M spermine treatment than in control. Spermine content was higher in all CHA treatments than in control, while spermidine content was lower than in control.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.673-676
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• 1994

The each nitrogen site of ifosfamide metabolite isophosphoramide mustard was synthesized with isotope enriched nitrogen. $Gylcine-^{15}N$ was converted to $2-chloroethylamine-^{15}N$ hydrochloride which was then reacted with phenyl dichlorophosphate to provide $N,N'-bis(2-chloroethyl)phosphordiamidic-^{15}N_2$ acid phenylester(50%, $PhO(O)^{15}N(CH_2CH_2Cl_2)$. Catalytic hydrogenation of this phenyl ester followed by the addition of cyclohexylamine (CHA) provided $IPM-^{15}N$ as the CHA salt(70%).

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.455-461
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• 1994

Each nitrogen and oxygen site isotope enriched the cyclophosphamide metabolite phosphoramide mustard was synthesized. Reaction of N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)phosphoramidic dichloride$[Cl_2P(O)N(CH_2CH_2Cl)_2]$ with benzyl alcohol and ammonia gave N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)phosphorodiamidic acid phenylmethyl ester $[BzO(H_2N)P(O)N(CH_2CH_2Cl)_2]$. Catalytic hydrogenation of this benzyl ester followed by the addition of cyclohexylamine provided PM. Incorporation of $^{15}NH_3$ into this general scheme gave PM with a $^{15}NH_2$ moiety. Glycine-$^{15}N$ was converted to bis(2-chloroethyl)amine-$^{15}N$ hydrochloride which, in turn, provided for N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)phosphorodiamidic-$^{15}N$ dichloride. Use of this compound in the general synthetic pathway yielded PM CHA with $^{15}N$ in the mustard moiety. $^{17}O$-Enriched PM was generated through the use of benzyl alcohol-$^{17}O$. To obtain the alcohol, labelled benzaldehyde was made by exchange with $^{17}OH_2$ and was then reduced with sodium borohydride.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.403-408
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• 1992

The flowering in Lemna gibba G3, a long-day plant, was promoted under continuous light by agmatine, putrescine, spermidine and spermine present in the culture medium. Methylglyoxal-bis (guanylhydrazone) (MGBG) and cyc10hexylamine (CHA), inhibitors of polyamine biosynthesis, were found to suppress the flowering in the plants. The vegetative grov.1h rate was kept constant while the flowering was being promoted by the pOlyamines, and the inhibitors with depressive effect on flowering showed stimulatory effect on vegetative grov.1h. The pattern of vegetative growth during floral promotion or depression was an indication that the promotive action of the pOlyamines and the suppressive effect of the inhibitors may be outcome of their possible involvement specifically in the flowering process rather than in broad spectrum of growth of L. gibba G3. The degree of promotive action of spermdine and spermine could not be altered (or lessened) by simultaneous application of their inhibitors to the medium. This phenomenon indicates that the flowering process in L. gibba G3 may largely be dependent to the status of endogenous spermidine and spermine. Endogenous level of spermidine in florally induced Lemna, was found to rapidly increase. In 24 h of floral induction, the content reached at the level 2 times higher than that in non-induced plants. The elevated level of spermidine provides an additional, though premature, evidence supporting the postulation that endogenous polyamine status might play an important role in the very early stage of floral induction in L. gibba G3.bba G3.