• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.217-236
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• 1998

There is lack of social awareness on the importance of natural environments and effective operating systems for environmental education in natural settings. In this study, the environmental education systems of three U. S. National Parks in the State of Washington were investigated in order to examine the potential of applying the environmental education systems to the Korean situation. To this end, the authors made field trips to the Mount Rainier National Park, Olympic National Park and North Cascades National Park and interviewed the field environmental education professionals. There is one common theme of environmental education shared by the three National Parks, that is the National Parks are open to the students and ordinary people as classrooms for environmental education. All of the three National Parks were supported by regional societies of environmental conservation and education. However, the contents of the approaches to the environmental education of each National Park were different to each reflecting the differences of the natural environment and cultural background. This implies that environmental education systems should be designed based on the characteristics of the local environment and cultural tradition, although advanced environmental education systems of foreign countries would be useful for developing our own environmental education systems.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.35
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• pp.215-235
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper look at the basis of the cultural differences of Korean and Japan by comparing the craftsmanship. Korean craftsmanship and master craftsman making traditional handcrafts and artwork would die out at a critical moment. The craftsmanship and system could not be established because of discrimination in the traditional four classes of society( scholars, farmers, artisans and tradesmen), invasions of other countries and discontinuity of tradition from modernization. On the contrast, in Japan, it was possible to establish traditional handcrafts and artworks, technique and craftsmanship with apprentice system and various social privilege and treatment even in the same traditional four classes of society ( scholars, farmers, artisans and tradesmen). It was common to pass down the family business for a hundreds of years with self respect between Japanese master craftsmen and lots of people succeed the family business will now. Japanese craftsmanship is originated from 'worship to god' Medieval Japanese believed that the thing changes human mind, artistic talent, masterpieces and faith were connected to sacred power. Therefore, master craftsmen and their works were also made by the power of god. In this context, craftsmen were protected and treated in socially and nationally. It is that the social treatments and supports in national level and their own pride and continuous training of techniques and abilities as the main driving force to maintain the craftsmanship in Japan. Korea has the sale level of competitive tradition and technique in comparison any other countries. Japanese craftsmanship study will be a critical data in the protection and maintenance of Korean traditional and technique.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 2019

During the conservation and maintenance of the birthplace center yard of President Asan Yoon Bosun, four porcelain enamel dishware were excavated from the central yard well. The glaze layer of excavated enamel was severely damaged; hence, the conservation process was done rapidly. In addition, scientific investigation and analysis were conducted to confirm the material properties of the glaze layer. It was confirmed that the outer surface was inverted and dried, while the inner surface was upright and fired during the glazing and drying process by measuring the film thickness. By examining the breakup phenomenon, the breaking up of the white enamel on the colored enamel was confirmed. This indicates that the colored glaze rose to the surface depending on the density of the colored glaze and white glaze. The investigation of the cross-section of the film confirmed that the lower layer formed according to the bonding properties with metal during the glazing process. Analysis of the constituents of the identified lower layer confirmed that there are differences between the specific components of the metal oxide of the lower layer and the surface color development of the upper layer.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.145-160
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• 2019

In this research, we attempt to suggest the differences between Korean translation and the North Korean translation of the game 'Paper, Please'; moreover, we will consider about the effect of language and image on localization through this. North Korean language and cultural contents in 'Paper, Please' are evaluated well by many people that they show real life of North Korea even though there are some errors like loanword translations and using anachronic symbol, 'Kaksital' as secret organization. Through the research, we could know that people could concentrate on cultural contents by images and motives without critical errors so have fun.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.58-63
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• 2020

In literature it is not only the meaning of words which matters, but also their texture matters i.e. their rhythm, colour and style are relevant and none of these natures can be reduced to an item of information. The texture is also important in film languages, especially the rhythm. In order to make the storytelling rhythm visible, a new concept of 'the Rhythm Chart Analysis Method (RCAM)' has been devised in this research and used for analysis. By analyzing original films and remakes in Korean and Chinese, one can find out that different countries have different storytelling rhythms i.e. the same story can be told in different rhythms. The central idea in Korean films is portrayed at the end, which is a typical characteristic of Korean films. And as the defining moment does not occur suddenly the audience can naturally get immersed into the story. But Chinese films communicate with the audience in a more direct way. It directly mentions characteristics of each actor in such a way that it is telling rather than showing. The information of the movie is given to the audience in the initial stages of the movie. Rhythm is as important as story and information. And through this we can find out the cultural differences from the different storytelling rhythms.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.1-41
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• 2011

Southeast Asia developed maritime trade from the early period due to the suitable physical and cultural conditions. The land consists of peninsular and archipelago, and located at the junction of the two monsoons in South China Sea and India Ocean. The people inherit cultural openness to receive outer influences positively. When Portuguese came to Southeast Asia in 16th century, the region had already enjoyed certain level of commercial development and sociocultural dynamics through the long time experience of interactions with outer world. The Portuguese contact to Southeast Asia was more of participation and assimilation than of conquest and rule experienced in South America. It was due to the higher level of spiritual and material civilization existed in Southeast Asia. Portuguese brought several new elements into Southeast Asia such as colonization and new weapons, Cartaz system and commercial monopoly, and Catholic mission and Casado policy. These new elements, however, did not impact much on the existing Maritime trade that played an important role to change the sociocultural structure of Southeast Asia. Even though Portuguese contact itself did not make significant differences in Southeast Asia, it was meaningful in a sense that it opened a path and left a model case for the more powerful Europeans who came soon after her.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.406-421
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• 2021

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the obligatory wearing of masks has led to increased consumer demand and the diversification of mask design. Accordingly, it is necessary to understand the inner meaning and characteristics of masks in the pandemic situation. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to analyze the characteristics of fashionable masks and their new cultural meaning under the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is based on literature review and empirical research. Drawing on an investigation of the historical evolution of masks and their transition under the pandemic (exhibiting differences in mask culture among countries and regions), this study analyzed 54 distinctive fashion masks designed by fashion brands and influencers that appeared from January 2020 to January 2021. The characteristics of fashion masks identified under the influence of the pandemic are as follows: Message delivery on political issues and human rights; psychological defense and expression of individuality; and conspicuous display via luxurious materials and luxury brand logos; moreover, the design of the mask uses the same material, color, pattern, decoration, and other methods as clothing to achieve the overall style. Over the course of the pandemic (and even in post-pandemic lifestyle), fashion masks are becoming more diversified conveying new social and cultural meanings.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.51-68
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to explore the impact of green products' claim skepticism on green purchase intention and further investigates the moderating role of environmental concern in the relationship. This study, by drawing the persuasion knowledge model expected that ambiguity avoidance penalizes less familiar brands than familiar brands. Further, the present study building on Hofstede's cultural dimension, specifically, uncertainty avoidance, undertook a scenario to understand any difference that exist between uncertainty avoidance cultural groups. This study also investigates gender differences in green claim skepticism and proclivity to purchase green products. Research design, data, and methodology: For analyzing the relationship relevant hypotheses were designed, and R-programming software was used. To test the hypotheses two independent sample t-test and regression analysis were carried out. Results: The results suggest that consumers' skepticism toward green claims influenced the intention to purchase eco-friendly products. The study finding also confirms the effect is moderated by environmental concern. Also, the findings of two scenarios reveal that consumers in high uncertainty avoidance culture exhibited a greater level of skepticism for green print advertising and green packaging claims when the brand in the advertising and packaging was unfamiliar than when it was familiar. Conclusions: To alter the negative effect of skepticism the consumer should believe the environmental claims are valid so that they can contribute to solving sustainability issues.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.241-252
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• 2023

Watercolour painting was introduced to China over a hundred years ago, and in the last two decades, it has developed rapidly, presenting a situation of diversified development. While Western-style watercolour painting has been adopted by Chinese painters, they have also expanded on it with their own aesthetic awareness and cognitive styles. As a result, Chinese watercolour painting has developed a set of expressive techniques that highlight the cultural characteristics of the nation in terms of aesthetics, concepts and techniques, resulting in a painting style with a distinctive national personality at present. Although Chinese watercolour painting has taken on a variety of styles with the intervention of modern and contemporary art, realistic watercolour painting is still the mainstream. However, there are obvious differences between the "realism" of Chinese watercolour painting and the "realism" of Western watercolour painting in terms of expression. The most distinctive feature is the "imagery" language of expression, which is closely linked to the cultural heritage of Chinese tradition and is of great value for research. I interpret the aesthetics, composition, colour and brushwork of Chinese realistic watercolour painting from the perspective of traditional Chinese aesthetics in order to deepen the understanding of Chinese realistic watercolour painting and to provide a reference for the further development of the art of Chinese realistic watercolour painting.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.102-107
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• 2023

Chinese shadow puppetry is an ancient form of drama with a long history. Known as the "mother of Chinese folk opera", it has rich cultural connotations and artistic value. At the same time, as a classic video game genre, side-scrolling games have many loyal fans around the world. However, in recent years, some previous entertainment cultures such as shadow puppetry are slowly disappearing. In contrast, video games play an increasingly important role in people's entertainment. Combining Chinese traditional culture with video games can be a great way to promote the preservation of these cultures. By making traditional culture more accessible and engaging, developers can help to ensure that these cultures continue to be enjoyed by future generations.The side-scrolling game is a classic game type, and it has many similarities with shadow puppetry. This paper will analyze the similarities and differences between Chinese shadow puppetry and horizontal version games, and try to explore how to organically integrate the two, so as to promote the inheritance and development of traditional culture, and promote cultural innovation and the development of creative industries.