• Corrosion Science and Technology
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.36-43
• /
• 2023

Single-crystal Ni-rich NCM is a material that has drawn attention in the field of lithium-ion batteries due to its high energy density and long cycle life. In this study, we investigated the properties of single-crystal NCM 811 and its potential for use in lithium-ion batteries. High-quality single crystals of NCM 811 were successfully synthesized by crystal growth via a flux method. The single-crystal nature of the samples was confirmed through detailed characterization techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction with Rietveld refinement. The crystal structure and electrochemical performances of the single-crystal NCM 811 were analyzed and compared to its poly-crystal counterpart. The results indicated that single-crystal NCM 811 had electrochemical performance and thermal stability superior to poly-crystalline NCM 811, making it a suitable candidate for high-performance batteries. The findings of this study contribute to a better understanding of the characteristics and potential of single-crystal NCM 811 for lithium-ion batteries.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.49-52
• /
• 2016

The effect of process parameters such as the growth pressure and temperature on the AlN crystal growth has been investigated. AlN crystal was grown onto 6H-SiC seed crystal using PVT (Physical Vapor Transport) method. Crystal properties and morphology of AlN crystal was changed with growth pressure and temperature. Raman analysis confirmed that AlN crystals with different orientation were successfully grown on SiC seed crystal.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2007.08a
• /
• pp.499-501
• /
• 2007

We propose a vertical-alignment liquid crystal display with patterned electrodes using a positive dielectric anisotropic liquid crystal. In this structure, the threshold and on-state voltages are reduced compared with previous vertical-alignment configuration with positive liquid crystal.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.100-107
• /
• 1998

A numerical analysis of thermal stress over temperature variations near the crystal-melt interface is carried out for a floating-zone growth of Cadmium Telluride (CdTe). Thermocapillary convection determines crystal-melt interfacial shape and signature of temperature in the crystal. Large temperature gradients near the crystal-melt interface yield excessive thermal stresses in a crystal, which affect the dislocations of the crystal. Based on the assumption that the crystal is elastic and isotropic, thermal stresses in a crystal are computed and the effects of operating conditions are investigated. The results show that the extreme thermal stresses are concentrated near the interface of a crystal and the radial and the tangential stresses are the dominant ones. Concentrated heating profile increases the stresses within the crystal, otherwise, the pulling rate decreases the stresses.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2009.10a
• /
• pp.681-682
• /
• 2009

We fabricated a stressed liquid crystal cell by mixing liquid crystal with a photo-polymer. By carefully choosing the mixing ratio between liquid crystal and the polymer, and by suitable mechanical shearing of the substrates, we demonstrated feasible electro optical properties for displays.

• Journal of Information Display
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.91-93
• /
• 2010

The shearing effects on the electro-optical properties of a stressed cholesteric liquid crystal were investigated. A photopolymer was dispersed in the cholesteric liquid crystal cell. By carefully choosing the mixing ratio between the liquid crystal and the photoreactive monomer, and by applying suitable mechanical shearing on the substrates, a cholesteric liquid crystal display with a low threshold voltage and no alignment layer was demonstrated.

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Crystal Growth Conference
• /
• 1999.06a
• /
• pp.305-320
• /
• 1999

It was grown Er2O3 doped LiNbO3 single crystal thin films with high crystal quality by liquid phase epitaxial (LPE) method. Er2O3 was doped with a concentration of 1, 3, and 5 mol% respectively. After the growth of single crystal thin film, we examined the crystallinity and the lattice mismatch along the c-axis between the film and the substrate with the variation of Er2O3 dopant using X-ray double crystal technique. There were no lattice mismatches along the c-axis for the undoped and the films doped with 1 and 3 mol% of Er2O3. For 5 mol% of Er2O3 doped film, there was a lattice mismatch of 7.86x10-4nm along the c-axis.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.295-298
• /
• 1999

High quality of $Er_{2}O_{3}$ doped $LiNbO_{3}$ single crystal thin films were grown by the liquid phase epitaxial (LPE) method using $Er_{2}O_{3}$ doped at concentrations of 1,3, and 5 mol% respectively. After the growth of single crystal thin film, the crystallinity and the lattice mismatch along the c-axis between the film and the substrate was examined as a function of the variations of{{{{{Er}_{2}{O}_{3}}}}} dopant concentration using a X-ray double crystal technique. There was no lattice mismatch along the c-axis for the undoped film and those doped with 1 and 3 mol% of $Er_{2}O_{3}$. For 5 mol% of $Er_{2}O_{3}$ doped film, the lattice mismatch was $7.86{\times}10^{-4}$nm along the c-axis.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.158-164
• /
• 2023

The meaning of the diamond crystal structure and the formative beauty of the crystal form were designed from a new perspective and expressed in jewelry. In this study, we examined the literature on the crystal structure of diamonds and analyzed cases of jewelry design based on the formative characteristics of diamond crystal structure. we newly interpreted the meaning and value of diamond crystal structure, and studied the figurative design that can show the aesthetic effect of the crystal structure by designing the diamond crystal structure as jewelry. By presenting jewelry designs that take advantage of the symmetry effect of the diamond crystal structure and the repetition of the sculptural beauty, we hope that the fundamental beauty and cultural meaning of gemstones will be re-recognized.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.389-394
• /
• 1997

The distribution of impurity included in benzene layer crystal was explored in layer crystallization of cyclohexane and benzene mixtures. The influence of crystal growth rate on crystal purity was investigated. All experimental results for bezene-cyclohexane system obtained in layer crystallizer have been evaluated with the criterion of Wintermantel. The purity of crystal decreases with increasing degree of subcooling, decreasing feed concentration and increasing crystal growth rate. The crystal growth rate was a key parameter to determine the inclusion of impurity in crystals. The results obtained from runs performed at increasing crystallization time(i.e. crystal thickness) have clearly shown that migration of inclusions within crystal layer to the melt, leading to the removal of impurity occurs. The diffusion of impurity which takes place during the crystallization from the beginning, enhances a further purification of the crystal layer if that underwent a thermal gradient after growth of the layer crystal stops.