• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.66-70
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• 2002

The in vitro anticoagulant and fibrinolytic activities of crude extracts from insects were evaluated in order to find effective therapeutic drugs for the treatment of myocardial and cerebral thrombosis. We prepared three types of extracts (water, methanol and ethylacetate) from 28 insects for use as raw materials for the activity assays. The fibrinolytic activity was tested using the fibrin plate method and the activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time were measured for blood clotting activity. With regards to the fibrinolytic system, water extracts of six kinds of insects displayed a remarkable level of activity with a plasmin-like action. The water extracts of [Catharsius molossus, Eupolyphaga sinensis, Huechys sanguinea, Mantidis $o\ddot{o}theca$, Mimela splendens, and Polistes mandarinus (Vespae Nidus)] exhibited the activity. On the other hand, the methanol extracts did not display any fibrinolytic activity. In terms of the coagulation system, an aqueous extract of silkworm Tongchunghacho (Paecilomyces japonica), Oxya japonica japonica and Buthus martensi (Scorpion) increased the clotting time significantly longer (181 times) than the control. These results suggest that crude drugs from insects are useful sources for the development of new drugs for use in treatments involving blood coagulation and fibrinolysis.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.311-315
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• 1997

Proximate compositions of black rice and antioxidative effects of its methanol extract on refined perilla oil were investigated. Black rice seeds were composed of water 12.4%, crude protein 7.9%, crude fat 2.2%, crude fiber 1.0%, ash 1.4% and N-free extract 75.1%. The hexane and 80% methanol fractions in yields were higher than 80% ethanol and chloroform. In AOM(active oxygen method) test, antioxidative effects of black rice added to the refined perilla oil was increased with dose-dependent fashion in concentration of the black rice extracts. Among several extracts tested, 80% aqueous methanol extract showed the highest antioxidative activity, followed by hexane, chloroform, in that order. The peroxide value and TBA value for their antioxidation stability were also lower than that of control. This result was similar to that of AOM test.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.183-194
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• 1998

Of crude extracts from 30 species belonging to the 21 families of medical plants, the crude extracts from Cinnamomum cassia, Paeonia moutan, Dictamnus dasycarpus showed highly antifungal activities against Rhizoctonia solani AG1-1 and R. solani AG2-2. The antifungal activity of C. cassia and P. moutan against R. solani AG1-1 were the highest through 100% methanol extraction, but the one of D. dasycarpus were the highest through 80% methanol extraction. On the other hand, against R. solani AG2-2 the antifungal activity of them were the highest through 100% methanol. C. cassia P. mouton and D. dasycarpus showed over 60% inhibition of mycelial growth against R. solani AG1-1 and R. solani AG2-2 on up to 500 fold dilution. The crude extract of P. moutan showed broader antifungal spectrum compared with those of C. cassia and D. dasycarpus. The crude extract of C. cassia was not phytotoxic at over 250 fold dilution and the crude extract of P. moutan was not phytotoxic at over 100 fold dilution. The crude extract of D. dasycarpus was not phytotoxic even at full concentration. The control values of P. moutan and D. dasycarpus were increased 75.0% and 79.1% respectively 30 days after treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.1022-1028
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• 1999

The solvent extracts of Ulmi cortex, which were extracted by using several solvents with different polarities, were prepared for utility as a natural preservatives. The antimicrobial activities and cell growth inhibitions were investigated to each strain with the different concentrations of Ulmi cortex extracts. Methanol extract showed the highest antimicrobial activity. The methanol extract was represented the broad antimicrobial activities for the gram positive and negative strains. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for each strains were appeared to around 0.3mg/ml at each of Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. The cell growth inhibitions were not shown on Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lac tobacillus plantarum, and Bifidobacterium bifidum, but greatly on the Clostridium butyricum. The meth anol extracts were further reextracted sequentially with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and butanol for purifying crude methanol extracts. The extract, which was reextracted by butanol, showed the highest antimicrobial activity.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.103-114
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• 1992

Screening for antioxidative activities of 180 species of crude drugs were performed on their methanol extracts. More than 45% of those showed some effect on oxidative stability of linoleic acid, and 44 species seemed to have rather strong antioxidative activity. Selected these samples of the active crude drugs were further examined in their methanol extracts with methyl linoleate emulsion system. especially 11 species revealed strong antioxidative activity. These 11 species were then successively extracted with ethyl acetate and petroleum ether, and their antioxidative activity was determined. The ethyl acetate and petroleum ether extracts of Epimedium Koreanum NAKAI, Psoralea Corylifolia L., Syringa Dilata NAKAI and Prunus mume Sieb, et Zucc. showed much more effective than the others in stabilizing methyl linoleate. Scutellaria baicalensis George. Glycyrrhiza glabra L. were only effective in the methanol extract.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.49-58
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• 2004

The purpose of the study was to verify if or not as funtional food by estimating antitumor activity and antimicrobial activity of Coriolus versicolor(Fr.)Quel and Ganoderma Lucidum (Fr.)Karst. 1. The contents of moisture. crude fiber and crude protein of GL were higher $(18.28\%,\;10.3\%,\;78.4\%)$ than that of CV, but the content of crude lipid GL was higher than that of CV. 2. Inhibitory effects of on the growth of AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells and HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cell were increased by increasing of concentration in added methanol extracts of CV and GL. 3. Antimicrobial activity on Escherichia col1; Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium existed methanol extracts of CV. Therefore. it is suggested that CV is worth as functional food.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.224-229
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• 1998

A study was conducted to screen the inhibitory activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A(HMG-CoA) reductase, which is known to be rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol bosynthesis, from the extracts of 80% methanol and 70% ethanol of cereals and regumes. The strongest inhibitory activity was shown in the ethanol extract of sorghum among the ethanol extracts. The inhibitory activity of HMG-CoA reductase of prosomillilet methanol extract was 73%, and highest among the methanol extracts. The inhibitory activity of 44.7% was observed in sorghum methanol extract. The methanol extracts of prosomillet and sorghum were further fractionated with hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, butanol and water. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitory activity was shown in all fractions of prosomillet and sorghum methanol extracts. Hexan fraction of both prosomillet and sorghum had the strongest inhibitory activity among five fractions, and the inhibitory activity was increased compared to each crude extracts.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.858-866
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• 2022

The present study investigated the chemical composition, and antioxidant and physiological activities of the Korean marine algae, Codium fragile. The solvent extracts from C. fragile were prepared using 70% ethanol, 80% methanol, and distilled water. Based on the general chemical composition, carbohydrate, crude protein, crude lipid, crude ash, and moisture were 74.22%, 16.73%, 0.66%, 4.39%, and 4.00%, respectively. Calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium were the main minerals. The extraction yield range of the solvent extracts was 3.51-9.76%. The ranges of total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were approximately 10.97-13.76 mg/g and 8.00-8.69 mg/g, respectively. The ABTS [2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] radical scavenging activity, reducing power and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) activities were the highest in the ethanol extract, while methanol extract exhibited the strongest nitrite oxide scavenging activity. On the other hand, tyrosinase, elastase, and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of the ethanol and methanol extracts were higher than those of the water extract. Furthermore, the ethanol extract exhibited the highest β-secretase inhibitory activity. The results indicate that C. fragile can be used as an antioxidant and a functional ingredient in food and pharmaceutical products.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.37 no.1 s.144
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• pp.37-41
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• 2006

This study investigates the chemical components and biological activities in Picrasma quassioides (D.Don) Benn. extracts for the purpose of developing natural pharmaceutical products. The proximate components in Picrasma quassioides (D.Don) Benn. extracts were 81.56% of carbohydrate, 5.80% of crude fat, 7.75% of crude protein, and 2.07% of crude ash. Calcium was the most predominant mineral and followed phosphorus, potassium, sodium, and magnesium, in a decreasing order. The content of the unsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid, was find to be higher than those of saturated fatty acids. Water and methanol extract exhibited antioxidative activity with $IC_{50}$ of $128{\mu}g/ml$ and $144{\mu}g/ml$, respectively, suggesting that the extracts are the major biological component in Picrasma quassioides (D.Don) Benn. extracts. The ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activity showed that methanol and water extract were the high inhibitory activity. Considering these results, water extracts of Picrasma quassioides (D/Don) Benn. showed the possibility that they can be used as a new material for natural pharmaceutical products.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.20-27
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• 2013

Proximate composition, total phenolics and total flavonoids level, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and cytotoxicity were determined in the methanol extracts of different plant parts of Youngia sonchifolia at reproductive growth stage. Crude protein and crude fat were present as the highest amount in flowers, and crude fiber in the stems and roots. The highest content of phenolics [mg ferulic acid equivalents (FAE) $kg^{-1}$ dry weight (DW)] was found in flowers (highest) and followed by leaves, stems and roots (lowest). Flavonoids [mg rutin equivalents $kg^{-1}$ DW] level, however, showed the highest in leaf extracts and lowest in root extracts. The antioxidant potential of the methanol extracts from the plants dose-dependently increased DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging activity (%). DPPH radical scavenging activity were highest in root extracts ($IC_{50}=1,135.6\;mg\;kg^{-1}$) and followed by leaf, stem and flower extracts. By way of MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay, methanol extracts of roots showed the highest anticancer activity on human cancer cell line Calu-6 for human pulmonary carcinoma ($IC_{50}=196.3\;mg\;kg^{-1}$) and HCT-116 for human colon carcinoma ($IC_{50}=623.6\;mg\;kg^{-1}$).